Resultados del tratamiento del cáncer de tiroides / Thyroid cancer treatment results

El cáncer de tiroides es la neoplasia maligna más frecuente del sistema endocrino, siendo el más frecuente el cáncer bien diferenciado (papilar y folicular). El propósito de este trabajo es recoger nuestra experiencia clínica en el manejo y resultados del cáncer diferenciado de tiroides. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 50 casos de pacientes con tumores malignos tiroideos, intervenidos de tiroidectomía total por nuestro servicio durante el periodo de 2015 a 2018. Se han recogido variables clínico-epidemiológicas que han sido procesadas con el programa SPSS versión 25. Se realiza estudio descriptivo y de asociación entre las diferentes variables según el tipo anatomo-patológico de tumor. Se analiza la probabilidad de recidiva del cáncer de tiroides y se utiliza el modelo de Cox para ajustar los efectos sobre la recidiva de diferentes variables en un modelo predictivo. Resultados: El 84% eran carcinoma papilar y 16% eran carcinoma folicular. Al finalizar el periodo de seguimiento (72 meses), el 14% presentaba recidiva, y habían fallecido el 8%. El carcinoma folicular fue el que mostró menor supervivencia. El tiempo medio sin recaída, fue de 129 meses. Las variables que influían en la supervivencia fueron: existencia de complicaciones en el postoperatorio, valor de tiroglobulina y antitiroglobulina y TIRADS. Conclusión: Coincidimos con el resto de autores en los aspectos epidemiológicos y clínicos. El carcinoma papilar es el más frecuente y tiene mejor pronóstico. Entre los factores que influyen en la supervivencia destacan el sexo y el tipo anatomo-patológico. Otros factores a considerar son: la existencia de complicaciones en el postoperatorio, la categoría TIRADS previa al tratamiento, y los valores de tiroglobulina y antitiroglobulina en los controles postoperatorios. (AU)

Thyroid cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the endocrine system, with well-differentiated cancer (papillary and follicular) being the most frequent. The purpose of this work is to collect our clinical experience in the management and results of well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Material and methods: Retrospective study of 50 cases of patients with malignant thyroid tumors, who underwent total thyroidectomy by our service during the period from 2015 to 2018. Clinical-epidemiological variables were collected and processed using the SPSS version 25 program. We have conducted a descriptive and association study between different variables according to anatomo-pathological tumor type. The probability of recurrence of thyroid cancer is analyzed and Cox model is used to adjust the effects on recurrence of different variables in a predictive model. Results: 84% were papillary carcinoma, and 16% were follicular carcinoma. At the end of the follow-up period (72 months), 14% had recurrence, and 8% had died. Follicular carcinoma showed the lowest survival. The mean time without relapse was 129 months. The variables that influenced survival were existence of postoperative complications, thyroglobulin and antithyroglobulin value, and TIRADS. Conclusion: We agree with the rest of the authors in the epidemiological and clinical aspects. Papillary carcinoma is the most frequent and has a better prognosis. Among the factors that influence survival, sex and anatomo-pathological type stand out. Other factors to consider are the existence of complications in the postoperative period, TIRADS category prior to treatment, and thyroglobulin and antithyroglobulin values in postoperative controls. (AU)

Changing patterns of thyroid cancer in Sri Lanka. Has the iodination programme helped?

OBJECTIVES: To ascertain if there has been a change in the pattern of thyroid cancer in Sri Lanka. If so, whether there is a correlation to the implementation of the programme of iodination. DESIGN: Retrospective (1974-1986) and prospective (1987-2001). SETTING: Kandy Hospital (1974-1982), Peradeniya Hospital (1982-2001) and private hospitals in Kandy (1979-2001). METHOD: Three hundred consecutive patients with cancer of the thyroid seen over 28 years (1974-2001) period were reviewed for demography, histopathology and extent of spread at presentation. Seventy one patients of this group had a pre-existing goitre of greater than 10 years' duration and were similarly reviewed. RESULTS: A highly significant reduction of anaplastic thyroid cancer and a highly significant reduction in the extent of extra-thyroidal spread at presentation of differentiated thyroid cancer were observed after 1995. In malignancy supervening on pre-existing goitre, a significant reduction in anaplastic carcinoma and a highly significant increase in papillary carcinoma were noted in the post-1996 period. A significant reduction of extra-thyroidal spread was also observed. CONCLUSION: A trend towards more differentiated thyroid cancer with lesser degree of spread was observed in recent years. The iodination programme implemented in 1995 is likely to be responsible for this change.

The pathology of thyroid neoplasms at the University Hospital of the West Indies: a 10-year analysis

Thyroid neoplasms were diagnosed in 93 patients (79 women and 14 men) between January 1986 and December 1995. 52 tumors were benign and 41 were malignant. An unusual finding was that there were 16 cases each of follicular and papillary carcinomas: that is, more patients with follicular carcinomas than expected. The significance is discussed.