ABSTRACT
Sorghum is one of the commercially feasible lignocellulosic biomass and has a great potential of being sustainable feedstock for renewable energy. As with any lignocellulosic biomass, sorghum also requires pretreatment which increases its susceptibility to hydrolysis by enzymes for generating sugars which can be further fermented to alcohol. In the present study, sorghum biomass was evaluated for deriving maximum fermentable sugars by optimizing various pretreatment parameters using statistical optimization methods. Pretreatment studies were done with H2SO4, followed by enzymatic saccharification. The efficiency of the process was evaluated on the basis of production of the total reducing sugars released during the process. Compositional analysis was done for native as well as pretreated biomass and compared. The biomass pretreated with the optimized conditions could yield 0.408 g of reducing sugars /g of pretreated biomass upon enzymatic hydrolysis. The cellulose content in the solid portion obtained after pretreatment using optimised conditions was found to be increased by 43.37% with lesser production of inhibitors in acid pretreated liquor.
Subject(s)
Biomass , Carbohydrates/isolation & purification , Cellulase/pharmacology , Fermentation , Hydrochloric Acid/pharmacology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydrolysis , Nitric Acid/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Stems/chemistry , Plant Stems/drug effects , Polysaccharides/metabolism , Sorghum/chemistry , Sorghum/drug effects , /pharmacology , Temperature , Xylose/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
In rice, nodule like structures were formed by inoculation of A. caulinodans combined with growth regulators and enzymes. Among the treatments, combination of cell wall degrading enzyme mixture and NAA with A. caulinodans induced more number of paranodules in rice. Total nitrogen content also increased in treated plants compared to uninoculated control.