ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to assess the bioequivalence of two cephalexin tablet formulations available in the Brazilian market (product A as reference formulation and product B as test formulation). Dissolution efficiency (DE%) was calculated for both formulations to evaluate their
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a bioequivalência de duas formulações de cefalexina disponíveis no mercado brasileiro (produto A como formulação referência e produto B como formulação teste). A eficiência de dissolução (DE%) foi calculada para ambas as formulações para avaliar suas características biofarmacêuticas. O estudo de bioequivalência oral foi realizado em vinte e quatro voluntários sadios utilizando um desenho cruzado. Uma dose oral única (comprimido contendo 500 mg de cefalexina) de cada produto foi administrada com um período de
Subject(s)
Humans , Cephalexin/pharmacokinetics , Cephalexin/pharmacology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Therapeutic Equivalency , Urine/chemistryABSTRACT
La prescripción profiláctica de antibióticos para evitar el desarrollo de endocarditis bacteriana (EB) es una actvidad relativamente común en la práctica odontológica. Aunque esta infección es poco frecuente, la mortalidad sigue siendo alta y su asociación con la práctica dental es bien conocida, de ahí que la responsabilidad del clínico deba orientarse hacia su prevención. En este trabajo se discutirán los factores que deben considerarse para tomar la decisión de dar o no profilaxia antibiótica; entre dichos factores destacan la susceptibilidad del paciente para sufrir EB, el tipo de procedimiento dental a realizar y los esquemas profilácticos y sus variantes, recomendados por la Asociación Americana del Corazón con el aval de la Asociación Dental Americana
Subject(s)
Humans , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Endocarditis, Bacterial/prevention & control , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Amoxicillin/pharmacology , Ampicillin/pharmacology , Azithromycin/pharmacology , Cefazolin/pharmacology , Cephalexin/pharmacology , Clarithromycin/pharmacology , Clindamycin/pharmacology , Risk AssessmentSubject(s)
Humans , Penicillins/adverse effects , Endocarditis, Bacterial/prevention & control , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Clindamycin/pharmacology , Cephalexin/pharmacology , Clarithromycin/pharmacology , Azithromycin/pharmacology , Drug Hypersensitivity , American Heart AssociationABSTRACT
From 14 strains of S. typhimurium which were resistant to three cephalosporins (cephalexin, cefadroxil and sodium cefotaxime) the resistance plasmids were transferred to two different strains (Escherichia coli K12F-Lac-Rifr and S. typhimurium LT2). The plasmids were autotransferable and the donors as well as transconjugants showed high levels of MIC (80-320 micrograms/ml or more) against these antimicrobial agents. The resistance was demonstrated to be mediated by a 15 kilobase plasmid.
Subject(s)
Cefadroxil/pharmacology , Cefotaxime/pharmacology , Cephalexin/pharmacology , Cephalosporin Resistance/genetics , India , Salmonella typhimurium/drug effectsABSTRACT
Three hundred and seventeen recent clinical isolates were tested for in vitro susceptibility to the three cephalosporins available in India--cephalexin, cefazolin and cefotaxime by the Kirby--Bauer disc diffusion method. Cefazolin was the most effective cephalosporin against Gram positive cocci (71.8% sensitive) followed by cefotaxime (62.7%) and cephalexin (52.7%). Cefotaxime was very effective against commonly isolated Gram negative bacilli with only 10 (8.8%) isolates being resistant to it while 44 (39%) and 65 (57.5%) were resistant to cefazolin and cephalexin, respectively. All isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to cephalexin and cefazolin and only 29 (32.6%) were sensitive to cefotaxime.
Subject(s)
Cefazolin/pharmacology , Cefotaxime/pharmacology , Cephalexin/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , HumansABSTRACT
Se trataron 46 ninos con amigdalofaringitis por Estreptococo Beta Hemolitico del Grupo A; 18 con Estolato de Eritromicina, 13 con Ampicilina y 15 con Cefaclor. No hubo diferencia entre los 3 antibioticos en cuanto a la rapidez de la curacion clinica. Antes del tratamiento las bacterias eran muy sensibles al antibiotico correspondiente a cada grupo, excepto 3 que presentaron sensibilidad intermedia a la Ampicilina. El Cefaclor erradico el Estreptococo en 100% de los pacientes, la Eritromicina en 94,4% y la Ampicilina en 76,9%. Durante el tratamiento con Ampicilina dos cepas de Estreptococo mutaron de muy sensibles a sensibilidad intermedia y a resistencia. Solo se observo intolerancia en dos pacientes que presentaron diarrea con Ampicilina. Los datos anteriores sugieren que la Ampicilina no es droga indicada en el tratamiento de la Amigdalofaringitis Estreptococica