Effect of fluoride toxicity on broiler chicken chromosomes

The effect of fluorine on mitotic chromosomes of broiler chicken [60 day old] was investigated. Broiler chickens were exposed to sodium fluoride in ration in two doses [1000 ppm and 1500 ppm] for two months, after which metaphases from the bone marrow were prepared, stained and examined for chromosomal aberrations. Exposure of broiler chicken to fluoride revealed an increase in the frequency of aberrant metaphase which reached 11.43%, 5.37% and 0.8% in groups exposed to 1000, 15000 ppm and control, respectively, at the first month, while the frequency reached 6.10, 5.12 and 0.9 in groups exposed to fluorine in a dose of 1000, 1500 and 0.0 ppm [control], respectively, at the second month. The obtained results illustrated the hazardous effect of fluoride pollution on broiler chicken genome

Effect of dexamethasone on immunity against cryptosporidia infection in chickens

The present study was planned to elucidate the influence of dexamethasone administration of Cryptosporidium oocysts output, body weight gain, organs weight, total and electophoretic patterns of serum proteins in chickens infected with Cryptosporidia. The results revealed that the maximal body weight gain was observed in case of non-infected control chickens. Severe retardation of weight gain was recorded in infected group and infected chickens treated with DEX. The minimum Cryptosporidium oocysts output was recorded in control chickens, while there was a significantly higher total oocysts output in infected chickens treated with DEX. There was a significant decrease in weight of spleen, bursa of Fibricius and thymus of chickens in both groups of infected and infected treated with DEX. The lowest weight of these organs was noticed in infected chickens treated with DEX. Total proteins, albumin, alpha, beta and gamma globulins decreased significantly in infected chickens treated with DEX, while there was a significant increase in albumin and gamma globulin in the group of infected chickens. The A/G ratio of infected and DEX treated groups was less than in control

Influence of the administration of dried calf thymus or calf thymus extract on performance and immunity of broilers

The effect of administration of dried calf thymus [DCT] or calf thymus extract [CTE] with protein concentration 6 mg/ml was studied using 4 groups of one-day old Cobb chicks. The first group was fed on a diet contained 1% [DCT], the second group received orally 1.5 ml/bird [CTE], the birds in the third group received 0.3 ml/bird [CTE] by i.p. injection, while the fourth group was the control one. The treatments were administered daily for 20 days starting from the second day of the study. Production performance and immune parameters used were body weight, body gain feed consumption, feed efficiency, total and differential leukocytic count, total serum proteins, albumin, globulins, relative weights of thymus, bursa and spleen,% of active phagocytes in the peripheral blood, phagocytic index, HI antibody titer against NDV as well as wattle dermal testing using oil adjuvant killed NDV vaccine. Results showed that treated groups had significantly higher body weights and gain as well as better feed efficiency. The injected group had higher total leukocytic count, serum globulins and% of active phagocytes. The relative weights of bursa and thymus were significantly higher in the [DCT] group only. The obtained results augment the supposition of presence of growth factor[s] in calf thymus extract and its [their] possible involvement in modulating immunity in broilers

effect of iodine as a vater disinfectant and growth stimulant of broilers

This experiment was carried out to study the effect of iodine on the microbial load of drinking water of broilers as well as on their performance. The experiment was done on 300 Arbor Acres one-day old chicks. The chicks were classified into 6 groups [A1, B1, A2, B2, A3 and B3], each of 50 birds at the age of 21 days. The groups A2 and B2 drink water contains 10 ppm active iodine, while groups A3 and B3 drink water contains 25 ppm active iodine, but groups A1 and B1 were left without treatment. The groups A1, A2 and A3 were vaccinated against ND [booster dose at 37 days of age], while groups B1, B2 and B3 were left without revaccination. The obtained results revealed that the birds drank water containing iodine showed high performance, general healthy conditions and low incidence of infections as compared with those drank water free from iodine

Effect of iodine-treated water on the performance and some behavioral patterns of meat-strain chicks

Some behavioral patterns [ingestive, body care and comfort] as well as the performance of meat-strain chicks which received iodine treated water for 49 days were investigated. A total of 150 one-day old Arbor Acres chicks, which were divided into 3 equal groups [1, 2 and 3] each of 50 chicks were used. Chicks of group 1 which received water treated with 10 ppm active iodine showed good ingestive behavior represented by high feeding [42.4%], drinking [38.8%]. The length of feeding time elapsed [82.8 seconds/bird], and consequently the high body weight gain was 1634 g and feed efficiency was 0.443. At the same time, a marked increase in comfort, resting, sleeping and body preening behaviors were observed in comparison with chicks in group 2 that received water treated with 25 ppm active iodine which showed the least marked increase in body weight gain [141 g] and feed efficiency [0.387], while birds in control group [group 3] which received non- iodine treated water showed a high feeding [40.8%], ground pecking [18.2%], sleeping [22.1%] and body preening [32.5%] with consequently moderate feeding efficiency utilization [0.418]. Iodine treated water increased the concentration of hemoglobin and erythrocytic count, without a significant difference observed between the three groups. In conclusion, the addition of iodine in drinking water [10 ppm] can significantly affect and improve the behavior of maintenance, and act as a good growth promoting factor represented by increase in both body weight gain and feed efficiency