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1.
Med. infant ; 28(1): 3-9, Marzo 2021. ilus, Tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, UNISALUD, LILACS | ID: biblio-1282207

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Existen pocos estudios sobre la evolución del retraso global del desarrollo (RGD), por lo que se cuestiona su valor pronóstico. Objetivo: Describir la evolución cognitiva en la edad escolar de niños con diagnóstico inicial de RGD. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal, con análisis prospectivo y retrospectivo. Fueron incluidos niños de seis a once años de edad, con diagnóstico previo de RGD. La variable punto final fue la presencia o no del déficit cognitivo (menor a dos desvíos estándares en las pruebas cognitivas), se realizó análisis con el paquete estadístico R. Resultados: Se estudiaron 150 pacientes con diagnóstico inicial de RGD, 86 con compromiso leve y 64 moderado-severo. El déficit cognitivo persistió en 75 pacientes (50%), 34.8% en el grupo leve y 70.3% en el moderado-severo Del resto, un 13% tuvo rendimiento promedio, un 20%, limítrofe y el 17% perfil discrepante. El análisis univariado identificó cuatro factores de riesgo asociados a persistencia del compromiso cognitivo: el grado de compromiso inicial moderado/severo (OR 4,59, 2,24-9,78), el tiempo de tratamiento menor a tres años (OR 2,30 1,02-5,34), las necesidades básicas insatisfechas (OR 1,62 0,76-3,47) y la presencia de síndrome genético (OR 2,99 1,09-8,99). El modelo de regresión logística con mayor poder explicativo incluyó estas cuatro variables (p 0.9998). Conclusiones: La trayectoria cognitiva mostró un 50 % de persistencia del déficit cognitivo. El grado de compromiso inicial, la duración del tratamiento, las necesidades básicas insatisfechas y la presencia de un síndrome genético asociado mostraron asociación con la persistencia del mismo (AU)


Introduction: Studies on the outcome of global developmental delay (GDD) are scarce, and therefore, their prognostic value is questionable. Objective: To describe the cognitive outcome at school age of children initially diagnosed with GDD. Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study with a prospective and retrospective analysis. Children between six and 11 years of age with a previous diagnosis of GDD were included. The endpoint variable was the presence or not of a cognitive deficit (two standard deviations below the mean on cognitive tests). Analyses were performed using the R Statistical Software. Results: 150 patients with an initial diagnosis of GDD were studied, 86 with mild and 64 with moderate-to-severe involvement. The cognitive deficit persisted in 75 patients (50%); 34.8% of whom were in the mild and 70.3% in the moderate-to-severe group. Of the remaining patients, performance was average in 13%, borderline in 20%, and the profile was discrepant in 17%. Univariate analysis identified four risk factors associated with persistence of the cognitive deficit: initial moderate-to-severe degree of the deficit (OR 4.59, 2.24-9.78), treatment duration less than three years (OR 2.30, 1.02-5.34), unsatisfied basic needs (OR 1.62, 0.76- 3.47), and presence of a genetic syndrome (OR 2.99, 1.09-8.99). The logistic regression model with the strongest explanatory power included these four variables (p 0.9998). Conclusions: In 50% the cognitive course showed a persistent cognitive deficit. The degree of initial compromise, treatment duration, unsatisfied basic needs, and presence of a genetic syndrome were associated with persistence of the deficit. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Child Development , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/complications , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Intellectual Disability/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies
2.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 1721-1728, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-180222

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: It is well known that expressive language impairment is commonly less severe than receptive language impairment in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, this result is based on experiments in Western countries with Western language scales. This study tries to find whether the result above is applicable for toddlers in a non-Western country; more specifically, in Korea with non-Western language scales. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The participants were 166 toddlers aged between 20 months and 50 months who visited the clinic from December 2010 to January 2013. The number of toddlers diagnosed as ASD and developmental language delay (DLD) was 103 and 63, respectively. Language development level was assessed using Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI), a Korean language scale. Using SELSI, each group was divided into 3 sub-groups. Moreover, the group difference by age was observed by dividing them into three age groups. Chi-square test and linear-by-linear association was used for analysis. RESULTS: Receptive language ability of the DLD group was superior to that of the ASD group in all age groups. However, expressive language ability in both groups showed no difference in all age groups. A greater proportion of expressive dominant type was found in ASD. The 20-29 months group in ASD showed the largest proportion of expressive language dominant type in the three age groups, suggesting that the younger the ASD toddler is, the more severe the receptive language impairment is. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that receptive-expressive language characteristics in ASD at earlier age could be useful in the early detection of ASD.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/complications , Developmental Disabilities/complications , Early Diagnosis , Language , Language Development , Language Development Disorders/complications , Language Tests , Republic of Korea
3.
CoDAS ; 25(6): 542-547, 25/1jan. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-699833

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To assess any changes in the Functional Communicative Profile (FCP) and in the Social Cognitive Performance (SCP) of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, based on two short periods of intervention. Methods: The study was conducted with 21 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnoses, randomly allocated into two groups, who received the same short-term intervention types (6 weeks with the mother and 6 weeks with the support of an educational software program). The intervention process was conducted by speech-language pathologists who were part of a graduate program in this area. Results: Samples of 15-minute interaction sessions between the child and speech-language pathologist were used to assess the changes in the FCP and the SCP. The statistic analysis pointed out differences only in Group 1 for the variables “percentage of communicative space used” and “use of the mediating object”. Conclusion: With the intervention sessions structured over 12 weeks, it was possible to observe a few changes in the children's FCP and in the SCP. Therefore, we point out the need for new research studies of longer duration. .


OBJETIVO: Avaliar mudanças no Perfil Funcional da Comunicação (PFC) e no Desempenho Sócio-Cognitivo (DSC) de crianças com Distúrbios do Espectro do Autismo (DEA) a partir de dois períodos curtos de intervenção. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado com 21 crianças com diagnóstico incluído nos DEA, que foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos (G1 e G2) que receberam os mesmos modelos de intervenção em curto prazo (presença da mãe e apoio do software educacional) durante seis semanas cada um. O trabalho de intervenção foi conduzido por fonoaudiólogas que cursavam o programa de pós-graduação na área. RESULTADOS: Partindo de filmagens de 15 minutos de interação entre terapeuta e paciente, foram mensuradas as mudanças no PFC e no DSC; a análise estatística indicou diferenças significativas apenas no G1, nas variáveis "porcentagem do espaço comunicativo utilizado" e "uso do objeto mediador". CONCLUSÃO: Com a estrutura de intervenção em 12 semanas, foi possível observar poucas mudanças no PFC e no DSC, de forma que o estudo sugere novas pesquisas com a duração mais longa. .


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/complications , Language Development Disorders/therapy , Speech-Language Pathology/methods , Language Development Disorders/etiology , Videotape Recording
4.
CoDAS ; 25(3): 268-273, 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-680040

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Investigar a relação entre a ocorrência de regressão da linguagem e o desenvolvimento sociocomunicativo posterior de crianças pré-escolares com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA). MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 30 crianças com TEA, divididas em dois grupos: com (n=6) e sem regressão da linguagem (n=24). A regressão da linguagem foi avaliada com base na Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised e o desenvolvimento sociocomunicativo a partir do Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. RESULTADOS: Das 30 crianças que preencheram os critérios para participação neste estudo, seis (20%) apresentaram regressão das habilidades de linguagem oral, com uma média de idade de 25 meses no início da perda. No que se refere ao desenvolvimento sociocomunicativo, não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas, entre os grupos com e sem regressão da linguagem. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados desta pesquisa parecem não confirmar a relação entre a ocorrência de regressão da linguagem e o comprometimento posterior do desenvolvimento sociocomunicativo de crianças com TEA.


PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between language regression and the subsequent social-communicative development of preschool children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). METHODS: Thirty children with ASD participated in the study and were divided into two groups: with (n= 6) and without (n= 24) language regression. Language regression was assessed by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and the social-communicative development was measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. RESULTS: Of the 30 children who met the criteria for participation in this study, six (20%) had regression of oral language skills, with a mean age of onset of 25 months. There were no statistical significant differences in the social-communicative development between the groups with and without language regression. CONCLUSION: The findings of this research do not seem to confirm the relationship between the occurrence of language regression and the subsequent impairment on social-communicative development of children with ASD.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/complications , Language Development Disorders/etiology , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/epidemiology , Language Tests , Language Development Disorders/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Social Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires
5.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 70(1): 28-33, Jan. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-612660

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible association between celiac disease (CD) and/or gluten sensitivity (GS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: Occurrences of CD were determined in a group of children and adolescents affected by ASD and, conversely, occurrences of ASD were assessed in a group of biopsy-proven celiac patients. To detect the possible existence of GS, the levels of antigliadin antibodies in ASD patients were assessed and compared with the levels in a group of non-celiac children. RESULTS: The prevalence of CD or GS in ASD patients was not greater than in groups originating from the same geographical area. Similarly the prevalence of ASD was not greater than in a group of biopsy-proven CD patients. CONCLUSION: No statistically demonstrable association was found between CD or GS and ASD. Consequently, routine screening for CD or GS in all patients with ASD is, at this moment, neither justified nor cost-effective.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a possível associação entre doença celíaca (DC) e/ou sensibilidade ao glúten (SG) e transtorno do espectro autista (TEA). MÉTODOS: Ocorrências de DC foram determinadas em um grupo de crianças e adolescentes afetados pelo TEA e a ocorrência d TEA foi avaliada em um grupo de pacientes com DC comprovada por biópsia. Para detectar a possível existência de SG, foram determinados níveis de anticorpos antigliadina em pacientes com TEA e comparados ao grupo de crianças sem a doença celíaca. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de DC ou SG não foi maior no grupo de pacientes com TEA quando comparada a grupos de indivíduos originários da mesma região geográfica. De modo similar, a prevalência do TEA não foi maior ao ser comparada ao grupo de pacientes com DC. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve associação estatisticamente demonstrável entre DC ou SG e TEA. Consequentemente, não são justificáveis, no momento, exames de rotina para detecção de DC ou SG em pacientes com TEA.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Celiac Disease/complications , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/complications , Biopsy , Brazil/epidemiology , Celiac Disease/epidemiology , Celiac Disease/pathology , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/epidemiology , Intestine, Small , Immunoglobulin A/blood , Prevalence , Socioeconomic Factors
6.
Invest. clín ; 52(2): 195-204, jun. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-664559

ABSTRACT

De acuerdo al DSM-IV-TR los síntomas de falta de atención e hiperactividad son frecuentes entre los individuos con Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA). Estas aseveraciones están reflejadas en a observación clínica y la valoración formal. Sin embargo, el diagnóstico de TEA aún continúa dentro de los criterios de exclusión para el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención-Hiperactividad (TDAH). Dicha exclusión ha ocasionado controversia e interrogantes con respecto a la necesidad y el beneficio de mantener o no estas separaciones; tanto así, que los criterios propuestos para el DSM-V eliminan dicho criterio de exclusión. Es necesaria una clara comprensión de la comorbilidad entre ambas entidades para realizar una secuencia óptima y apropiada de los objetivos de la intervención. Es por esto, que si se considera la falta de atención e hiperactividad en individuos con un diagnóstico asociado de TEA como una representación de un diagnóstico comórbido de TDAH, los planes de tratamiento serán más apropiados y con mayor impacto en su funcionamiento adaptativo.


According to the DSM-IV-TR, symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity are frequent in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). This statement is supported by clinical observation and formal assessment. However, ASD diagnosis is still among the exclusion criteria for the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Such exclusion generates controversy and questions regarding the need and benefits of maintening or not these separations; so much so, that the proposed criteria for the DSM-V eliminate that exclusion condition. It is necessary a better understanding of the comorbidity between both entities in order to be able to have an appropriate sequence of the intervention goals. For that reason, if inattention and hyperactivity in individuals with ASD are considered as a representation of a comorbid diagnosis of ADHD, treatment plans for this group would be better adjusted and more likely to offer a real benefit in the outcome of their adaptive functioning.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/complications
8.
s.l; s.n; dez. 1986. XIII,112 p. ilus, tab, mapas.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-123607

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados dez pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica hepatoesplênica e retardo de crescimento e desenvolvimento sexual, antes, 30 e 180 dias após esplenectomia, por meio de minuciosa anamnese, exame físico e avaliaçäo laboratorial, radiológica e endócrina. Paralelamente foram avaliados dez indivíduos sem esquistossomose com mesma etária e condiçöes sócio-econômicas que constituiram o grupo controle. Aumento de peso e estatura ao qual correspondeu uma aceleraçäo da maturaçäo esquelética e sinais de desenvolvimento sexual foram evidenciados 180 dias após a cirurgia. Aumento das concentraçöes de LH, FSH e GH observados durante estímulo fisiológico do sono noturno foi também constatado. Concentraçöes de somatomedina-C foram normais em 70% e baixas em 30% dos casos durante toda a duraçäo do estudo. Houve aumento discreto de concentraçöes individuais em 80% dos casos, mas a elevaçäo média näo foi estatisticamente significante nem aos 30 nem aos 180 dias após a esplenectomia. O presente estudo permitiu as seguintes conclusöes: 1. Esplenectomia é acompanhada de ganho de peso, aumento em altura e aceleraçäo da maturaçäo óssea em pacientes com esquistossomose hepatoesplênica e atraso estatural e sexual. 2. Acidose tubular renal pode estar presente em pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica e ser responsável por retardo de crescimento em alguns casos. 3. Hipotiroidismo subclínico revelado por uma resposta exagerada do TSH ao TRH foi eventualmente observada na presente casuística. Estudos subsequentes säo necessários para estabelecer se esta observaçäo representa coincidência ou reflete uma associaçäo. Houve aumento progressivo das concentraçöes de SDHEA caracterizando início do aumento de produçäo doa andrógenos supra renais nestes casos. 5. As concentraçöes de GH em vigília e durante o estímulo fisiológico do sono noturno foram normais, näo sendo evidenciado deficiência de GH nestes casos. 6. Houve aumento significativo nas concentraçöes de LH entre 2 e 6 horas da manhä 30 dias após a cirurgia, caracterizando deflagraçäo da puberdade nestes pacientes um mês após a esplenectomia. 7. Na casuística estudada näo observamos hipossomatomedinismo significante antes da cirurgia em 70% dos pacientes, e näo houve aumento estatisticamente significante entre as médias das concentraçöes de somatomedina-C após a esplenectomia. 8. Os mecanismos que explicariam o desenvolvimento somático e sexual após a esplenectomia ainda permanecem obscuros. A melhora do estado nutrici


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/complications , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Splenectomy , Brazil , Medical History Taking , Schistosoma mansoni/parasitology , Splenomegaly/complications
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