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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(7): 481-486, July 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-679078

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of kefir and banana pulp and skin flours on the serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triacylglycerols in rats fed cholesterol-rich diet. METHODS: Thirty Male Wistar rats were used. In the first 21 days, the animals were fed purified hypercholesterolemic diets, except the standard group. In the next 21 days, the animals were given modified diets: Group GC: standard diet AIN-93G; Group HIP: hypercholesterolemic diet; Group F: hypercholesterolemic diet added of 1% of banana skin flour and 7% of banana pulp flour; Group Q: hypercholesterolemic diet plus kefir suspension by oral infusion (1.5 ml/animal); Group FQ: hypercholesterolemic diet added of 1% banana skin flour and 7% of banana pulp flour plus kefir suspension (1.5 ml/animal). RESULTS: In spite of the high fiber content, the addition of banana pulp (7%) and skin (1%) flour did not alter the plasma levels of total cholesterol, HDL-c and LDL-c. However, they reduced the TG levels in 22%. Already fermented kefir reduced significantly the levels of VLDL, LDL-c and triacylglycerols, in addition to having increased HDL-c. However, it was not possible to verify the symbiotic effect between both. CONCLUSION: The results reinforce the beneficial effects of kefir in reducing the risks of cardiovascular diseases.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Cultured Milk Products/chemistry , Hypercholesterolemia/diet therapy , Musa/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Cholesterol, Dietary/blood , Cholesterol/blood , Probiotics/therapeutic use , Rats, Wistar , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Triglycerides/blood
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 53(1): 59-63, jan.-fev. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-446869

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar o impacto quanto ao uso de tabaco no perfil lipídico-lipoprotéico plasmático em amostra representativa de adolescentes. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída por 452 sujeitos (246 moças e 206 rapazes) com idades entre 15 e 18 anos. Os participantes completaram questionário estruturado auto-administrado com relação ao uso de tabaco. As concentrações de lipídeos-lipoproteínas plasmáticas foram estabelecidas mediante procedimentos laboratoriais. Os procedimentos da análise de covariância, controlando a participação da ingestão de gordura saturada e de colesterol dietético, foram empregados para identificar as diferenças entre os valores médios. As estimativas de odds ratio foram utilizadas para estabelecer o risco relativo dos adolescentes fumantes apresentarem perfil lipídico-lipoprotéico de risco aterogênico. RESULTADOS: A proporção de fumantes foi de 20,9 por cento entre os rapazes e 15,4 por cento entre as moças. O consumo médio de cigarros por dia foi de 9,2 ± 4,7 nos rapazes e 5,6 ± 3,1 nas moças. Quando comparados com não fumantes, rapazes e moças fumantes apresentaram níveis séricos de colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, triglicerídeos e apolipoproteína B100 significativamente mais elevados, e níveis séricos de HDL-colesterol significativamente menores. Adolescentes fumantes tenderam a demonstrar risco de níveis de lipídeos-lipoproteinas plasmáticas alterados duas vezes maior que não fumantes. CONCLUSÃO: Intervenções direcionadas à adoção de um estilo de vida saudável, incluindo abstenção do uso de tabaco, deverão iniciar-se em idades precoces na tentativa de prevenir ou retardar o desenvolvimento de lesões ateroscleróticas e minimizar o aparecimento de coronariopatias prematuras na idade adulta.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of tobacco use on plasma lipid lipoprotein profile in representative sample of adolescents. METHODS: A sample of 452 subjects (246 girls and 206 boys) 15 to 18 years old were included in the study. Each participant completed a structured and self-administered questionnaire concerning tobacco use. Plasma lipid-lipoprotein concentrations were measured by standard procedures. Differences between mean values were evaluated by analysis of covariance, controlling for saturated fat and cholesterol intake. Odds ratio was used to estimate the relative risk of the smokers being classified with an undesirable level of a plasma lipidlipoprotein parameter. RESULTS: The proportion of smokers was 20.9 percent for boys and 15.4 percent for girls. The average consumption of cigarettes per day was 9.2 ± 4.7 for boys and 5.6 ± 3.1 for girls. When compared with non-smokers, boy and girl smokers showed a significantly higher serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoprotein B100, and significantly lower serum levels of HDL-cholesterol. Adolescent smokers tended to show a two-fold higher risk of altered lipid-lipoprotein levels than non-smokers. CONCLUSION: The present data could imply that intervention promoting a healthy lifestyle, including non smoking, should start at an early age to prevent or delay development of atherosclerotic lesions and ultimately to minimize the appearance of premature coronary heart disease in adults.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Lipids/blood , Lipoproteins/blood , Smoking/blood , Nicotiana/adverse effects , Apolipoproteins/blood , Brazil , Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage , Cholesterol, Dietary/blood , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Epidemiologic Methods , Socioeconomic Factors , Smoking/adverse effects , Triglycerides/blood
3.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 2004 Jul; 48(3): 286-92
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-107323

ABSTRACT

Thirty four healthy young volunteers (22 men, 12 women; age 25.7 +/- 5.8 years; BMI 20.8 +/- 2.3 kg/m2) participated in a randomized controlled cross-over trial on the effect of consuming one boiled egg every day for 8 wk on the serum lipid profile. The only significant change after 8 wk of egg consumption was an elevation of the total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio. However, scrutiny of individual responses revealed that twelve of the subjects (10 men, 2 women) had a greater than 15% rise in the LDL cholesterol level after 8 wk of egg consumption. These subjects, considered hyperresponders, showed significant increases (P < 0.025) at both 4 wk and 8 wk after egg consumption in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels, and at 8 wk in total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio. The remaining 22 hyporesponders showed no change in any of the variables measured at 4 wk or 8 wk after egg consumption. In view of the high nutritional value of eggs, a blanket ban on eggs is not justified. However, since up to one-third of the population may be hyperresponders, knowing the response of an individual is important before making the egg a regular item of the diet.


Subject(s)
Adult , Cholesterol, Dietary/blood , Cholesterol, HDL/biosynthesis , Cholesterol, LDL/biosynthesis , Cross-Over Studies , Egg Proteins, Dietary/blood , Eggs/adverse effects , Female , Humans , India , Lipoproteins/biosynthesis , Male
4.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 2002 Oct; 46(4): 492-8
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-107880

ABSTRACT

Egg is a major source of dietary cholesterol. Previous studies on the effect of egg on serum lipid profile have given conflicting results. Further, the serum lipid response to egg shows marked individual variation. Since the variation is at least partly genetically determined, and the response depends partly on the overall diet, studies on different ethnic groups are important. There is hardly any study on the subject available on Indians. In the present investigation, eighteen healthy young volunteers (7 male, 11 female) on a lacto-vegetarian diet were given one boiled egg per day for 8 wk in a randomized controlled cross-over study. Compared to the values obtained after 8 wk of egg-free period, the mean serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol/HDL ratio, VLDL cholesterol and triglycerides were not significantly different after 8 wk of egg consumption. However, the serum total cholesterol after 4 wk of egg consumption was significantly higher than the control values. Further, seven subjects out of 18 had an appreciable elevation of serum total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol, or both, after 8 wk of egg consumption. The study suggests that in young healthy Indian subjects on a vegetarian diet, consuming one egg per day raises serum cholesterol levels at 4 wk but in the majority baseline values are restored by 8 wk. However, some hyper-responders continue to have elevated serum cholesterol even at 8 wk. Knowing the response of an individual may be important before making egg consumption a regular habit.


Subject(s)
Adult , Cholesterol, Dietary/blood , Cross-Over Studies , Eggs/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Lipids/blood , Male
5.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 6(4): 183-7, abr. 1998. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-219495

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de ocho modificaciones dietarias sobre los niveles séricos de lípidos de pacientes dislipidémicos de Santa Fé de Bogotá y comparar los resultados con los obtenidos al someter a los pacientes al tratamiento recomendado por la International Lipid Information Bureau (ILIB). La muestra estuvo constituída por 160 individuos adultos con niveles séricos de colesterol total mayores de 200 mg/dl o triglicéridos mayores de 150 mg/dl, divididos en 8 grupos de 20 pacientes que recibió uno de los siguientes tratamientos por un período de 4 semanas: dieta recomendada por la ILIB, modificación de grasas, adición de mora, adición de frutas cítricas, adición de avena, adición de leguminosas, restricción de energía y exclusión de sacarosa. Se determinó que los tratamientos más efectivos (p<0.05) para disminuir los niveles séricos de colesterol total fueron adición a la dieta habitual de avena, leguminosas, mora y cítricos. Con excepción de la adición de cítricos, también los demás disminuyeron significativamente los niveles de LDL. Los grupos con adición de mora, exclusión de sacarosa y control fueron los más efectivos para disminuir los niveles séricos de triglicéridos (p<0.05) y a su vez éste último fue el único tratamiento que mostró un aumento significativo (p<0.05) de los niveles de HDL. Comparado con el grupo control los tratamientos con adición de avena y leguminosas fueron los más efectivos para disminuir los niveles séricos de colesterol total y LDL. En conclusión se recomienda enfatizar el empleo de avena; leguminosas, mora y frutas cítricas como complemento para el manejo de la dislipidemia


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Cholesterol, Dietary/blood , Diet , Feeding Behavior
6.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 25(1): 9-19, abr. 1998. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-232912

ABSTRACT

La relación directa entre la dieta y la cardiopatía coronaria ha sido motivo de controversia ya que los resultados de los estudios de intervención realizados hasta ahora han sido conflictivos. Aunque antiguamente el colesterol de la dieta era considerado muy peligroso en la etiopatogenia de la cardiopatía coronaria, estudios más recientes han indicado que el colesterol de la dieta en individuos sanos no tiene la importancia previamente otorgada. Estudios en los cuales se ha determinado el efecto del tipo de grasa en el colesterol sanguíneo han mostrado que los ácidos láurico, mirístico y palmítico tienden a elevar el colesterol total y el colesterol LDL, mientras que el esteárico los reduce levemente. El trans-ácido elaídico eleva el colesterol total y el del LDL, y además reduce el colesterol HDL. El ácido oleico reduce el colesterol total y el de LDL y aumenta el colesterol HDL. En general las recomendaciones internacionales indican un aporte de grasa menor de un 30 por ciento de las calorías totales, dividido igualmente entre ácidos grasos monoinsaturados, poliinsaturados y saturados. Se discute además el efecto de la fibra dietaria y de los antioxidantes en la cardiopatía coronaria


Subject(s)
Humans , Coronary Disease/etiology , Feeding Behavior , Fatty Acids/metabolism , Antioxidants/metabolism , Atherosclerosis/metabolism , Cholesterol, Dietary/blood , Dietary Fiber/metabolism , Hyperlipidemias/blood , Lipids/blood , Reference Standards , Risk Factors
7.
Rev. méd. Inst. Peru. Segur. Soc ; 3(4): 13-7, oct.-dic. 1994. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-163599

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio prospectivo de los niveles de Colesterol, LDL y HDL en 80 pobladores nativos de ambos sexos y diferentes edades en la ciudad de La Oroya, situada a 3750 mts snm. Fueron excluídos aquellos que pudieran significar sesgos al resultado como son pacientes potadores de alteraciones cardíacas, hepáticas,endocrinas y nutricionales. Los resultados fueron comparados con estudios similares realizados en la misma zona con antelación de hasta 20 años , realizándose pruebas estadísticas de confiabilidad. Se concluye que durante el transcurso de estos últimos años, los niveles de colesterol del poblador de altura se han venido incrementando hasta equipararse con los del habitante a nivel de mar; postulandose la teoría del metabolismo intermediario diferente que obligaba al hombre de altura a una mayor utilización de los lípidos para generar energía y hacía que sus niveles de colesterol séricos sean menores, pierde consistencia, pues la variación en los hábitos alimentarios cada vez más parecidos a los de las grandes urbes, habría motivado que los niveles séricos de colesterol se eleven. Se invita a realizar estudios similares en otras poblaciones con iguales características.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cholesterol, Dietary/blood , Altitude , Lipids/blood , Acclimatization/physiology , Acclimatization/immunology
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