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1.
J Comp Pathol ; 157(1): 51-56, 2017.
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-IALPROD, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1048890

ABSTRACT

Neuroectodermal developmental anomalies are reported rarely in cetaceans and central nervous system cysts are not described. We describe the gross, microscopical, histochemical and immunohistochemical features of a neuraxial myelencephalic cyst in a stranded neonatal Burmeister's porpoise (Phocoena spinipinnis). Grossly, a subdural, extra-axial, well-demarcated, yellow fluid-filled cystic structure (1.9 × 1.6 × 1 cm) expanded the left foramen of Luschka, the left caudolateral cerebellar recess and the left cranioventral myelencephalon. The cyst displaced the ipsilateral ventral paraflocculus and distended the underlying cranial nerves IX, X, XI and XII. Microscopically, the cystic structure was lined by a monolayer of low cuboidal to flattened epithelium supported by a thin fibrovascular matrix. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed strong and diffuse expression of AE1/AE3 and focal positivity for vimentin. IHC for epithelial membrane antigen, glial fibrillary acid protein, synaptophysin and S100 was negative. Based on these findings, an extra-axial cyst of the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle (CCPFV) was diagnosed. The pathological relevance of the CCPFV in this case is uncertain. The cause of death involved severe perinatal interspecific (shark) trauma. The present case provides the first evidence of a neuroepithelial cyst in cetacean species.


anomalias de desenvolvimento neuroectodérmicas são raramente relatadas em cetáceos e cistos do sistema nervoso central não são descritos. Descrevemos as características macroscópicas, microscópicas, histoquímicas e imuno-histoquímicas de um cisto mielencefálico neuroaxial em uma toninha de Burmeister neonatal encalhada (Phocoena spinipinnis). Grosso modo, uma estrutura cística amarela subdural, extra-axial, bem demarcada e cheia de líquido (1,9 × 1,6 × 1 cm) expandiu o forame esquerdo de Luschka, o recesso cerebelar caudolateral esquerdo e o mielencéfalo cranioventral esquerdo. O cisto deslocou o paraflóculo ventral ipsilateral e distendeu os nervos cranianos subjacentes IX, X, XI e XII. Microscopicamente, a estrutura cística foi revestida por uma monocamada de epitélio cubóide a achatado baixo, suportada por uma fina matriz fibrovascular. A imuno-histoquímica (IHC) revelou forte e difusa expressão de AE1 / AE3 e positividade focal para vimentina. O IHC para antígeno da membrana epitelial, proteína do ácido fibrilar glial, sinafofisina e S100 foi negativo. Com base nesses achados, foi diagnosticado um cisto extra-axial do plexo coróide do quarto ventrículo (CCPFV). A relevância patológica do CCPFV neste caso é incerta. A causa da morte envolveu traumatismo interespecífico (tubarão) perinatal grave. O presente caso fornece a primeira evidência de um cisto neuroepitelial em espécies de cetáceos. patologia cetáceo Anomalia congenita neuroectoderma


Subject(s)
Choroid Plexus/abnormalities , Phocoena/abnormalities , Animals, Newborn , Neural Tube Defects/veterinary
2.
JDUHS-Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences. 2009; 3 (1): 40-46
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-93792

ABSTRACT

Soft markers are transient, non specific signs seen during routine second trimester ultrasounds in many foetal organ systems, which may be present in normal foetuses but have been found in association with abnormal karyotypes as well. This article discusses the sonographic features to correctly elicit the soft markers and eliminating artefacts which may create false positive identification of these markers. Further more the prevalence rates of these soft markers in the affected as well as the general population are discussed along with the change in the background risk for chromosomal aneuploides once these markers are found. The impacts of these soft markers on the future development of the organ systems along with other associations of the markers are also detailed


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , /diagnostic imaging , Chromosome Aberrations , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Cardiomegaly , Cleft Lip , Cleft Palate , Choroid Plexus/abnormalities , Choroid Plexus/diagnostic imaging
3.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 30: 81-84, jan. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-585720

ABSTRACT

Una gran variedad de lesiones con efecto de masa pueden crecer en el sistema ventricular, dentro de ellas los quistes del plexo coroide. Estas son lesiones congénitas que asientan frecuentemente en el trígono ventricular. Histológicamente se caracterizan por una capa externa fibrosa y otra interna con un epitelio cuboidal. Los pequeños quistes son asintomáticos mientras que los grandes causan síntomas secundarios a la dilatación u obstrucción ventricular, se diagnostican con el apoyo de la TAC, la RMN y el ultrasonido, en los niños con fontaneras abiertas. Las lesiones sintomáticas son tratadas quirúrgicamente por diferentes procederes. En nuestro trabajo se presentan tres casos clínicos, dos pediátricos con crecimiento progresivo del quiste, durante la observación clínico-radiológica y el tercero un adulto que debuta con un síndrome de hipertensión endocraneana, todos fueron tratados con abordaje quirúrgico directo y exéresis total de la lesión, con una evolución favorable.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Adult , Cysts , Diagnostic Imaging , Choroid Plexus/abnormalities , Choroid Plexus/injuries , Choroid Plexus , Ultrasonography
4.
Rev. obstet. ginecol. Venezuela ; 56(2): 105-7, jun. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-192524

ABSTRACT

El quiste del plexo coroideo es un hallazgo ecográfico y en ocasiones, se asocia a trisomía 18 ó 21. Se presentan dos casos en fetos con cariotipo normal y resolución espontánea. Cuando se observan recomendamos buscar otras alteraciones mediante el ecosonograma de II nivel, y plantear el estudio genético si existen anormalidades asociadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Choroid Plexus/abnormalities , Cysts
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