Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium , Tribulus , Spermatozoa , FertilityABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective Anacyclus Pyrethrum (AP) and Tribulus Terrestris (TT) have been reported as male infertility treatment in several studies; however, in Iranian traditional medicine these two plants are prescribed simultaneously. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of AP and TT extracts both separately and simultaneously on the male Wistar rat fertility parameters. Materials and Methods 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: Control, TT, AP, and AT treated groups. Treatment continued for 25 days and rats were weighed daily. Their testes were dissected for histological studies. Sperm analysis including sperm count, viability and motility were performed. Serum was obtained to evaluate testosterone, LH and FSH levels. Histological studies were conducted to study Leydig, and Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and spermatid cell numbers, and to measure seminiferous diameter and epithelium thickness. Results Sperm count increased in all the treatment groups. Sperm viability and motility in AT and AP groups were elevated. TT and AT groups showed significantly increased testosterone level compared to control group (P=004, P=0.000, respectively) and TT, AP and AT treatment groups showed increased LH level (P=0.002, P=0.03 and P=0.000, respectively) compared to control, while only AT group showed increased FSH (p=0.006) compared to control. Histological studies showed significant increase of spermatogonia, Leydig and Sertoli cell numbers and epithelial thickness in AT group compared to other groups. All the treatment groups had higher number of Leydig, spermatogonia and spermatid cells. Conclusion TT and AP improved sexual parameters; however, their simultaneous administration had higher improving effects on studied parameters.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Tribulus/chemistry , Infertility, Male/drug therapy , Organ Size , Reference Values , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility/drug effects , Spermatozoa/drug effects , Testis/drug effects , Testosterone/blood , Body Weight , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Rats, Wistar , Fertility/drug effects , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/bloodABSTRACT
The contact toxicity of some selected fixed plant oils and stabilized natural pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium) blends against adult maize weevils (Sitophilus zeamais) were investigated. Natural pyrethrum extract was stabilized against ultraviolet (UV) light by blending with fixed oils extracted from Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem tree); Thevetia peruviana (yellow oleander) and Gossypium hirsutum L. (cotton) seeds. Cottonseed oil had the highest stabilization effect on the pyrethrum blend exposed to UV light of 366 nm. The results indicated that the natural pyrethrum extract blended with cottonseed oil was the most potent against maize weevils and that the potency was concentration-time dependent. Cottonseed and neem seed oils enhanced the stabilization of the natural pyrethrum insecticide
Subject(s)
Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium/toxicity , Plant Oils , WeevilsABSTRACT
Pollen morphology of Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. growing wild in grassy places in Gallies, Abbottabad, was studied. The genus is characterized by 3-colporate pollen grains with spheroidal to oblate-spheroidal outline. Tectum with subechinate processes
Subject(s)
Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium , Plant Extracts , EthnobotanyABSTRACT
Se presenta un perfil del estado actual de la nematología agrícola en Venezuela incluyendo una lista de las 115 especies de nematodos fitoparasíticos identificadas. Las especies más dañinas parecen ser Bursaphelenchus (=Rhadinaphelenchus) cocophillus, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Globodera rostochiensis, G.pallida, Meloidogyne incognita, M.javanica, M.exigua, Mhapla, Pratylenchus brachyurus, P.penetrans, P.scribneri, P.zeae, Radopholus similis, Rotylenchulus reniformis y Tylenchulus semipenetrans. Se discuten brevemente los efectos dañinos de Meloidogyne spp. y de otros nematodos fitroparasíticos
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium , Classification/methods , Nematoda , Plant Roots , Species Specificity , Science , VenezuelaABSTRACT
Heavy domestic and peridomestic infestations of Triatoma infestans were controlled in two villages in southern Bolivia by the application of deltramethrin SC25 (2,5 per cent suspension concentrate) at a target dose of 25 mg a.i.m². Actual applied dose was monitored by HPLC analysis of filter papers placed at various heights on the house walls, and was shown to range from 0 to 59.6 about a mean of 28.5 mg a.i./m². Wall bioassays showed high mortality of T.infestans during the first month after the application of deltamethrin. Mortality declined to zero as summer temperatures increased, but reappeared with the onset of the following winter. In contrast, knockdown was apparent throughtout the trial, showing no discernible temperature dependence. House infestation rates, measured by manual sampling and use of paper sheets to collect bug faeces, declined from 79 per cent at the beginning of the trial to zero at the 6 month evalution. All but one of the houses were still free of T.infestans at the final evaluation 12 months after spraying, although a small number of bugs were found at this time in 5 of 355 peridomestic dependencies. Comparative cist studies endorse the recommendation of large-scale application of deltamethrin or pyrethroid of similar cost-effectiveness, as a means to eliminate domestic T.infestans populations in order to interrupt transmission of Chagas disease.