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1.
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 61(4): 620-632, dic. 2021. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1395693

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar la calidad microbiológica del aire en seis áreas de la Microestación Biológica-Zoocriadero de la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva-Tingo María-Perú; procediéndose de la siguiente manera: Se seleccionaron seis áreas de muestreo (A1: Boletería, A2: Caseta gallito de las rocas, A3: Zona de las tortugas, A4: Caseta del otorongo, A5: Caseta de los monos y A6: Cocina), de los cuales para la determinación de los parámetros físicos (PAS, temperatura, humedad relativa, precipitación y rosa de viento) se obtuvo información de la estación meteorológica de la UNAS y de lecturas directas en campo, para la determinación de las PAS se realizó por el método pasivo obteniéndose la mayor concentración de PAS en el área 1 "Boletería" (12.61 t/km2/mes, 11.08 t/km2/mes y 8.4 t/km2/mes) y la más baja en el área 5 "caseta de los monos" (2.80 t/km2/mes, 2.80 t/km2/mes y 3.2 t/km2/mes); para el análisis microbiológico se realizó por el método de borboteo en líquidos, identificándose 27 géneros entre bacterias y hongos, siendo las bacterias más frecuentes Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter agglomerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter hafniae y algunas bacterias patógenas para el hombre como Streptococcus sp., Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus anthracis. Los hongos de mayor frecuencia son Penicillium sp., Aspergillius sp., Geotrichum sp., algunos hongos patógenos identificados: Microsporum sp., Epirophyton sp. Por otro lado, para la percepción del público como trabajadores se aplicó encuestas, donde indicaron que la calidad microbiológica del aire en la Microestación Biológica-Zoocriadero es regular(AU)


The objective of this research paper is to assess the microbiological quality of the air in six areas of the Biologial Micro-station and animal breeding farm of the Peruvian Univeristy "Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva in Tingo María, Perú", proceeding as follows: Six sampling areas were selected (A1: Ticket Office, A2: Cock-of-the-Rock hut, A3: Turtle area, A4: Otorongo hut, A5: Monkey hut, A6: Kitchen), of wich for the determination of the phisical parameters (SBP, temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and wind rose) information was obtained from the UNAS meteorological station and direct readings in the field. For the determination of SBP was performed by the passive method obtaining the high concentration of SBP in area 1 "Ticket Office" (12.61 t/km2/month, 11.08 t/km2/month and 8.4 t/km2/month) and the lowest in area 5 "monkey house" (2.80 t/km2/month, 2.80 t/km2/month and 3.2 t/km2/month); microbiological analysis was performed by the liquid bubbling method, identifying 27 genera incluiding bacteria and fungi, with the most frequent bacteria being Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter agglomerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter hafniae and some bacteria pathogenic for humans such as Streptococcus sp., Clostridium perfringens and Bacillus anthracis. The most frequent fungi are Penicillium sp., Aspergillius sp. and Geotrichum sp.; some pathogenic fungi identified: Microsporum sp., Epirophyton sp. On the other hand,regarding the perception of the public and workers, surveys were applied, wich indicated that the microbiologial quality of the air in the Biological Micro-station and animal breeding farm is regular(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Climatologic Station , Air Microbiology , Air Pollution/analysis , Penicillium , Peru , Staphylococcus , Streptococcus , Bacillus , Bacillus anthracis , Microbiological Techniques/methods , Clostridium perfringens , Enterobacter , Geotrichum , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Microsporum , Occupational Groups
2.
Cienc. tecnol. salud ; 8(1): 67-81, 2021. il 27 c
Article in Spanish | LILACS, DIGIUSAC, LIGCSA | ID: biblio-1352959

ABSTRACT

Este documento presenta un análisis comparativo de los resultados de un modelo de simulación de clima, datos de reanálisis regionales y datos locales de precipitación y temperatura estacional de veintitrés estaciones me-teorológicas de Guatemala, para detectar señales de la habilidad del modelo a reproducir el clima estacional en un periodo de 3 años (1998-2000). La simulación se realizó con un modelo climático regional (MCR), para su reducción de escala dinámica, las condiciones de frontera se obtuvieron de los datos de reanálisis ERA-Interim. El modelo utilizado fue RegCM, versión 4, y se comparó con los datos de precipitación y temperatura de la Base de datos CRU a nivel regional centroamericano y a nivel nacional con tres instituciones que generan datos globales (CRU, TRMM y GPCP) y los datos locales. Los esquemas convectivos utilizados fueron el esquema de Grell sobre tierra y Emanuel sobre el océano, con 50 km de resolución espacial. Los ajustes realizados a las parametrizaciones generaron buen desempeño a nivel regional Centroamericano y a nivel Guatemala a pesar de perder habilidad en algunas regiones y meses. El modelo reproduce adecuadamente el comportamiento de la precipitación estacional en la mayor parte de la temporada lluviosa. Subestima la temperatura a nivel regional, pero a nivel Guatemala muestra buen ajuste. La comparación con los datos locales observados muestra que el modelo se ajusta para el periodo en estudio; pero, es necesario realizar más experimentos con distintas resoluciones espaciales y temporales y evaluar la persistencia del modelo.


This document presents the results of an analysis on the comparison of the results of a climate simulation model, regional reanalysis data and local data on precipitation and seasonal temperature from twenty-three meteoro-logical stations in Guatemala, to detect signs of the ability of the model to reproduce the seasonal climate over a period of 3 years (1998-2000). The simulation was performed with a regional climate model (RCM), for its dynamic scale reduction, the boundary conditions were obtained from the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. The model used was RegCM, version 4, and it was compared with the precipitation and temperature data from the CRU Database at the Central American regional level and at the national level with three institutions that generate global data (CRU, TRMM and GPCP) and local data. The convective schemes used were the scheme of Grell on land and Emanuel on the ocean, with 50 km of spatial resolution. The adjustments made to the settings generated good performance at the Central American regional level and at the Guatemala level, despite losing skill in some regions and months. The model adequately reproduces the behavior of seasonal precipitation in most of the rainy season. It underestimates the temperature at the regional level but at the Guatemala level it shows a good fit. The comparison with the observed local data shows that the model fits for the period under study, but it is necessary to carry out more experiments with different spatial and temporal resolutions and to evaluate the persistence of the model.


Subject(s)
Rain , Seasons , Temperature , Climatologic Station , Climate Models , Central America , Rainy Season , Guatemala
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 71(3): 967-976, May-June 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1011293

ABSTRACT

Determinaram-se os valores de temperatura do ar, umidade relativa e índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU) de uma propriedade rural de produção de leite a pasto e da estação meteorológica oficial mais próxima, confrontando-os. Na fazenda, as leituras dos dados foram registradas por uma estação meteorológica automática, a cada cinco minutos, de fevereiro de 2015 a setembro de 2016. Depois, calcularam-se a média por hora e o ITU horário. Selecionaram-se os valores diários mínimo, médio e máximo. O mesmo foi feito com os dados da estação meteorológica oficial, que foram horários. As temperaturas mínima e média na estação meteorológica foram maiores que na fazenda durante todo o período experimental e em 16 meses, respectivamente. A temperatura máxima da propriedade rural foi maior que a da estação em seis meses. Já a umidade relativa mínima, a média e a máxima da estação meteorológica foram inferiores às da fazenda. O ITU mínimo foi maior na estação oficial e o ITU máximo superior na fazenda em todos os meses. Por fim, o número de dias com um ITU máximo igual ou superior ao ITU crítico foi maior na fazenda. Assim, dados da estação meteorológica oficial subestimam o estresse por calor.(AU)


The values of air temperature, relative humidity and Temperature Humidity Index (THI) of one pasture-based milk production farm and from the nearest official weather station were confronted. At the farm, data readings were recorded by an automatic weather station, every five minutes, from February 2015 to September 2016. Then, the hourly average and hourly THI were calculated. The minimum, average, and maximum daily values were selected. The same was done with data from the official hourly weather station data. The minimum and mean temperature in the meteorological station were higher than on the farm throughout the experimental period and in 16 months, respectively. The maximum temperature of the rural property was greater than that of the station in six months. Meanwhile, the minimum, average, and maximum relative humidity of the meteorological station were lower than those of the farm. The minimum THI was higher at the official station and the maximum THI was higher at the farm in every month. Finally, the number of days with a maximum THI equal to or greater than the critical THI was greater on the farm. Thus, official weather station data underestimate the heat stress.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Temperature , Pasture , Heat-Shock Response , Heat Exhaustion/veterinary , Climatologic Station
4.
Biota neotrop. (Online, Ed. port.) ; 7(3): 225-232, 2007. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-477691

ABSTRACT

Através de um sistema automatizado, a atividade do vôo de forrageiras de quatro colônias de Plebeia remota foi registrada, simultaneamente, de dezembro de 1998 a dezembro de 1999. A grande quantidade de dados obtidos permitiu uma análise quantitativa e sazonal do efeito da velocidade e direção do vento sobre a atividade de vôo. Nas quatro estações, a menor atividade de vôo de Plebeia remota ocorreu quando não houve vento ou quando a velocidade média do vento esteve abaixo de 0,5 m/s. Os picos de atividade de vôo ocorreram em velocidades de vento maiores e variaram segundo as estações e as colônias. No verão, os picos de atividade de vôo estiveram entre 3,5 e 5,5 m/s de velocidade, no outono, na classe 4,0-4,5 m/s, e na primavera entre 4,5 e 6,0 m/s. Entretanto, no inverno, houve clara restrição da atividade externa sob velocidades de vento superiores a 5,5 m/s. As forrageiras de P. remota orientaram preferencialmente seus vôos para certas direções de vento. Exceto no verão, as direções predominantes de vôo foram similares entre as quatro colônias. Estas direções também coincidiram com a posição dos recursos florais mais utilizados pelas colônias. Quando as forrageiras tinham que sair da colônia com vento contra, se registrou menor atividade de vôo.


Through an automated system, foragers' flight activity of four colonies of Plebeia remota was registered at same time from December 1998 to December 1999. The large amount of data obtained allowed a quantitative and seasonal analysis of the effect of speed and direction of wind on their flight activity. In all four seasons, the smallest flight activity of Plebeia remota occurred when there was no wind or when the wind speed average was below 0.5 m/s. The flight activity peaks occurred in higher measured wind speeds and varied according to the seasons and the colonies. In the summer, the flight activity peaks occurred between 3.5 and 5.5 m/s of speed, in the autumn, in the series 4.0-4.5 m/s, and in the spring between 4.5 and 6.0 m/s. In the winter, clear restriction upon flight activity occurred in wind speeds above 5.5 m/s. Plebeia remota foragers guided preferentially their flights for certain wind directions. Except summer, the directions were similar to the four colonies. These directions matched with the locations where the most used floral resources are. On the other hand, lowest flights number coincided with conditions when the foragers would left their colonies upwind.


Subject(s)
Bees/classification , Climatologic Station , Ecosystem , Flight, Animal , Ecosystem/analysis , Ecosystem/classification , Ecosystem/adverse effects
5.
Interciencia ; 28(12): 705-709, dic. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-405407

ABSTRACT

Se evaluó el efecto de los aclareos sobre la densidad básica y ancho de anillos en rodales de pinus patula. Se colectaron cilindros de madera a una altura de 1,30m en dos calidades de estación (3 y 5 años después de la aplicación de un aclareo). En cada una de las muestras se determinó el ancho de anillos y la densidad báica por anillo de crecimiento. Los resultados muestran que la calidad de estación y el aclareo no influyeron significativamente sobre la densidad básica, presentando valores de 0,45 y 0,44g.cm-³ para una calidad de estación alta antes y después del aclareo, respectivamente, mientras que en una calidad de estación baja se encontraron los valores de 0,47 y 0,44g.cm-³ antes y después del aclareo, respectivamente. El ancho de los anillos presentó una diferencia significativa en la calidad de estación baja, con un valor promedio de 3,26mm antes y de 2,89mm después del aclareo. En la calidad de estación alta no se encontraron diferencias significativas presentando los valores de 2,52 y 2,20mm antes y después del aclareo, respectivamente. El aclareo no influyó sobre la densidad básica de la madera, ya que la variación en densidad generalmente se presenta en los primeros años de edad


Subject(s)
Climatologic Station , Environmental Quality , Risk Factors , Trees , Wood , Venezuela
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