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1.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 31(4): 325-331, apr. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-620079

ABSTRACT

Objective. Evaluate the cost-benefit, cost-utility, and cost-effectiveness of cochlear implantation, comparing it to the use of hearing aids in children with profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Methods. The nonparametric propensity score matching method was used to carry out an economic and impact assessment of the cochlear implant and then perform cost-benefit, cost-utility, and cost-effectiveness analyses. Primary information was used, taken randomly from 100 patients: 62 who received cochlear implants (treatment group) and 38 belonging to the control group who used hearing aids to treat profound sensorineural hearing loss. Results. An economic cost differential was found—to the advantage of the cochlear implant—of close to US$ 204 000 between the implant and the use of hearing aids over the expected life span of the patients analyzed. This amount refers to the greater expenses that hearing-aid patients will have. With this adjusted figure, the cost-benefitindicator shows that for each dollar invested to treat the cochlear-implant patient, there is a return on the investment of US$ 2.07. Conclusions. The cochlear implant produces economic benefits for the patient. It also produces health utilities since positive cost-utility (gain in decibels) and costeffectiveness(gain in language discrimination) ratios were found.


Objetivo. Evaluar el costo-beneficio (CB), costo-utilidad (CU) y costo-efectividad (CE) de la implantación coclear, comparándola con el uso de audífonos en niños con hipoacusia sensorineural profunda bilateral.Métodos. Se empleó la técnica no paramétrica Propensity Score Matching (PSM) para realizar la evaluación de impacto económico del implante y así llevar a cabo los análisis CB, CU yCE. Se utilizó información primaria, tomada aleatoriamente a 100 pacientes: 62 intervenidos quirúrgicamente con el implante coclear (grupo de tratamiento) y 38 pertenecientes al grupo de control o usuarios de audífono para tratar la hipoacusia sensorineural profunda.Resultados. Se halló un diferencial de costos económicos —en beneficio del implante coclear— cercano a US$ 204 000 entre el implante y el uso de audífonos durante la esperanza de vida de los pacientes analizados. Dicha cifra indica los mayores gastos que deben cubrir los pacientes con audífono. Con este valor descontado, el indicador costo-beneficio señala que por cada dólar invertido en el implante coclear, para tratar al paciente, el retorno de la inversión es US$ 2,07. Conclusiones. El implante coclear genera beneficios económicos para el paciente. Tambiénproduce utilidades en salud dado que se encontró una relación positiva de CU (ganancia en decibeles) y CE (ganancia en discriminación del lenguaje).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cochlear Implants/economics , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/economics , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/surgery , Cost-Benefit Analysis
2.
Arq. int. otorrinolaringol. (Impr.) ; 12(3): 347-355, jul.-set. 2008. ilus, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-522854

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Todo portador de deficiência auditiva é um candidato ao uso de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI). Indústrias internacionais dominam o mercado mundial a oferecer produtos cujos valores agregados são incompatíveis com a realidade econômico-financeira das populações de países com economias em desenvolvimento. Objetivo: Projetar e desenvolver AASIs digitais e de baixo custo no desenho BTE, construídos sob um circuito eletrônico genérico e com recursos eletroacústicos não inferiores aos AASIs hoje comercializados no mercado brasileiro. Método: Desenvolver um vínculo de relacionamento com os principais fornecedores de partes e peças para a indústria de AASIs e projetar AASIs no desenho BTE. Os testes de desempenho acústico dos AASIs montados foram realizados em laboratório independente com a utilização de equipamentos de investigação acústica. Conclusão: É possível o desenvolvimento de AASIs digitais no desenho BTE com características de desempenho não inferiores aos comercializados por indústrias internacionais, mas a baixo custo operacional.


Introduction: Any hearing impaired person is an applicant of being a hearing aid wearer. International companies rule the market with a range of products those value added are inconsistent with the income of the population in developing countries. Objective: Design and development of digital low-cost hearing aid, BTE design, in a generic electronic configuration with electroacoustics features not lesser than those traded in the Brazilian marketplace. Method: Establish a strictly professional relationship with the predominant hearing aid suppliers in the hearing aid industry and develop BTE hearing aid. The electroacoustics outcomes of these hearing aids were performed at an independent acoustic investigation lab. Conclusion: It is possible the development of digital low-cost BTE hearing aid with performance features not lesser than those traded in the Brazilian marketplace but at low-cost operational costs.


Subject(s)
Economic Development , Industry , Cochlear Implants/economics , Low Cost Technology
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