Salmonella Yeerongpilly in a Chinese Owl (Columba livia domestica) in Jamaica.

Salmonella infection in bird species in Jamaica was studied. This revealed that very low prevalence of salmonellosis was found (0.32 %). Salmonella Yeerongpilly (newly reported in the country) was isolated from a bird collected at a bird aviary. This study showed that there was the presence of this Salmonella serovar in a Chinese owl (Columba livia domestica) in Jamaica. There were not published reports from Caribbean Islands of the presence of this serovar. Salmonella Yeerongpilly belongs to serogroup E1 and by molecular serotyping random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting belongs to A20, B17 and C21. This strain was isolated in Queensland Australia in the 1960s before the successful Salmonella eradication campaign. This study suggests that a larger investigation in pet birds as Salmonella carriers should be carried out in Jamaica. Mandatory screening or quarantine of birds entering the country should be institutionalized.

Phthiraptera and Gamasida Parasites of Columbina picui (Temminck) (Columbiformes: Columbidae) in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil / Phthiraptera e Gamasida parasitos de Columbina picui (Temminck) (Columbiformes: Columbidae) no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Thirty-two specimens of Columbina picui (picui ground-dove) were examined, and a collection of arthropods was made by washing the external surface of the body and the nasal cavity. The species in the order Phthiraptera found and their respective prevalences, mean abundance and mean intensity were: Columbicola passerinae (84.4%; 10.3; 12.2), Hohorstiella passerinae (21.9%; 0.7; 3.1) and Physconelloides eurysema (3.1%; 0.1; 2). The gamasid mites found in the birds and their respective prevalences, mean abundance and mean intensity were: Pellonyssus marui (31.3%; 1.2; 3.9), Ornithonyssus bursa (15.6%; 0.2. ;1.2) and Mesonyssus sp. (6.3%; 0.1; 1). Columbicola passerinae, H. passerinae, P. eurysema, O. bursa, P. marui and Mesonyssus sp. were recorded for the first time infecting C. picui in Brazil. Except for O. bursa, the other species are reported for the first time in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Foram examinados 32 espécimes de Columbina picui (rolinha-picui), sendo que a coleta de artrópodes foi realizada por meio de lavagem da superfície externa do corpo e da cavidade nasal. As espécies da ordem Phthiraptera encontradas e suas respectivas prevalências, abundância média e intensidade média foram: Columbicola passerinae (84,4%; 10,3; 12,2), Hohorstiella passerinae (21,9%; 0,7; 3,1) e Physconelloides eurysema (3,1%; 0,1; 2). Os ácaros Gamasida encontrados nas aves e suas respectivas prevalências, abundância média e intensidade média foram: Pellonyssus marui (31,3%; 1,2; 3,9), Ornithonyssus bursa (15,6%; 0,2; 1,2) e Mesonyssus sp. (6,3%; 0,1; 1). Columbicola passerinae, H. passerinae, P. eurysema, O. bursa, P. marui e Mesonyssus sp. são relatados pela primeira vez parasitando C. picui no Brasil. Exceto O. bursa, as demais espécies são relatadas pela primera vez no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.

Estudio de razas de palomas españolas a partir del análisis de caracteres morfológicos cualitativos / Study of spanish dove breeds based on the analysis of qualitative morphological characteristics

Objetivo. Evaluar una posible base morfológica que sustente una clasificación racional y no arbitraria de razas de palomo, se estudió la relación fenética entre diferentes razas. Materiales y métodos. Se sometieron para su estudio morfológico comparativo un total de 29 razas españolas de palomas, considerándose cada raza como Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) y agrupadas a priori en grupos de afinidad funcional y morfológica: buchones, razas catalanas, razas baleáricas, palomos de morfología. Se realizó un análisis de coordenadas (ACo) sobre la base de la matriz de distancias de similitud de Gower entre OTUs a partir del análisis de 29 caracteres. A fin de conocer cuáles eran las variables responsables de las similitudes y/o disimilitudes observadas se aplicó igualmente un análisis de correspondencia (ACrr). Resultados. En el ACo se reflejó que la variabilidad representada por los dos primeros vectores Eigen no es alta. El ACrr demostró que muchas variables están fuertemente correlacionadas. Conclusiones. La distribución de las razas en el ACo apunta a una distribución bastante buena en los 4 grupos establecidos. El ACrr mostró que las variables más discriminantes pueden ser reducidas a nueve: grosor y longitud del pico, desarrollo de las carúnculas nasales y oculares, longitud del cuello, tamaño y colgado de buche, longitud relativa de la cola y posición de las alas en reposo respecto de la cola.

Extraction of high-quality host DNA from feces and regurgitated seeds: a useful tool for vertebrate ecological studies

DNA extraction methods for genotyping non-invasive samples have led to great advances in molecular research for ecological studies, and have been particularly useful for analyzing threatened species. However, scarce amounts of fragmented DNA and the presence of Taq polymerase inhibitors in non-invasive samples are potential problems for subsequent PCR amplifications. In this study we describe a novel technique for extracting DNA from alimentary tract cells found on external surfaces of feces and regurgitated seeds. The presence of contaminants and inhibitors is minimized and samples are preserved intact for use in other ecological research (e.g. trophic studies). The amplification efficiency and purity of the extracted DNA from feces were significantly higher than in commonly used extraction procedures. Moreover, DNA of two bird species was identified from seeds expelled by regurgitation. Therefore, this method may be suitable for future ecological studies of birds, and other vertebrate groups.

Eimeria livialis sp.N. [Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae] from the domestic pigeon, Columba livia domestica in Saudi Arabia

Eimeria livialis sp.n. is described from the intestine of the domestic pigeon, Columba livia domestica [Columbiformes: Columbidae] from Riyadh, central region, Saudi Arabia. Sporulated oocysts are elongate ellipsoid, 21 x 15 [19.5-23.2 x 14.3 - 16.5] micro m, with a smooth, greenish-yellow bilayered wall, 1.2 [1.0-1.3] micro m. Micropyle and polar granule are absent. An oocyst residuum is present, consisting of 4-7 globules that are irregular in shape and size. The sporocysts are ellipsoid, 10.6 x 6.7 [9.5 - 11.7 x 6.2-8.1] micro m, with a smooth single-layered wall and a small nipple-like Stieda body, but no apparent substieda body. The sporocyst residuum composed of few scattered granules. The Sporozoites are elongate, lie head-to-tail in the sporocysts, each with a small anterior and a large posterior refractile body