ABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: El resfrío común es una enfermedad muy frecuente. Existe la creencia que el consumo de vitamina C previene su aparición, pero la real eficacia de esta medida es controvertida. MÉTODOS: Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, reanalizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES Identificamos ocho revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyen 45 estudios primarios, de los cuales 31 corresponden a ensayos aleatorizados. Concluimos que el consumo de vitamina C no previene la aparición del resfrío común.
INTRODUCTION: The common cold is one of the most common diseases. It is generally believed that the consumption of vitamin C prevents its appearance, but the actual efficacy of this measure is controversial. METHODS: To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified eight systematic reviews including 45 studies overall, of which 31 were randomized trials. We concluded the consumption of vitamin C does not prevent the incidence of common cold.
Subject(s)
Humans , Ascorbic Acid/administration & dosage , Common Cold/prevention & control , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Databases, Factual , Treatment Outcome , Common Cold/epidemiologyABSTRACT
El rotafolio, como instrumento usado para la presentación de información, sirve de guía tanto para el personal de salud, como para la orientación de los pacientes, particularmente de madres con niños recién nacidos, lactantes y preescolares (menores de cinco años). En él, van paso a paso con los detalles sobre las formas de prevenir enfermedades por medios de hábitos de higiene en vivienda, tratamiento del agua, lavado de manos, entre otros; además, da los elementos necesarios para abordar síntomas como la diarrea, deshidratación, entre otros. Un instrumento didáctico de gran calidad fotográfica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Pneumonia/prevention & control , Child Health Services/organization & administration , Common Cold/prevention & control , Dehydration/prevention & control , Diarrhea, Infantile/prevention & control , Integrated Management of Childhood Illness , Zinc/administration & dosage , Child Nutrition Disorders/prevention & control , Preventive Medicine/education , Water Purification/methods , Housing Sanitation , Dengue/prevention & control , Hand Hygiene , Guatemala , Anemia/prevention & control , Malaria/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Zinc deficiency is common in children in developing countries due to low intake of animal foods, and high dietary phytate content. Zinc deficiency impairs overall immune function and resistance to infection. The effect of zinc on the common cold is still questionable. To determine whether supplementation of zinc could reduce frequency rate and duration of common cold during cold season in school aged children living in a low socioeconomic suburb of Mashhad [Altimor], north-east Iran. we designed a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled efficacy trial. Subjects were 200 grade 2 primary school children who all completed the trial. Intervention supplementation was zinc sulfate tablets [10 mg elemental] and placebo tablets for case and control groups, respectively. Tablets were taken on a daily basis, 6 days a week, for 5 months [November to March].Among the zinc-supplemented group common cold incidence of 1.37 +/- 0.86 episodes per child during the study period was recorded in comparison to 3.15 +/- 0.55 cold episodes per child among the placebo group [P<0.001]. Mean overall missing days from school was 0.55 +/- 1.09 days and 1.35 +/- 1.79 days for zinc-supplemented and placebo groups, respectively. [The need for administration of antibiotics for bacterial infections [pharyngitis, acute otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia] were 20 and 47 courses for zinc-supplemented and placebo groups, respectively [P<0.01]. This study showed that zinc supplementation has a beneficial impact on the occurrence of common cold