ABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a possibilidade de alterações precoces sugestivas de ectasia detectáveis no Pentacam em casos sutis de alergia ocular em crianças. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de 49 prontuários, com paciente de ambos os sexos e idades entre 3 e 14 anos. Do total de crianças estudadas, 31 apresentavam alergia ocular grau 1, e 18 não apresentavam qualquer sinal ou sintoma de alergia ocular, servindo como controles. Avaliaram-se diversos índices do Pentacam. Resultados: Houve associação estatisticamente significativa nas variáveis "Df - variação do mapa da elevação anterior da córnea" e "Pentacam combinado", que podem estar relacionadas com a detecção precoce de ectasia corneana nesses pacientes. Conclusão: Houve relação causal entre a prevalência da alergia ocular e alterações tomográficas na córnea, sugestivas de ceratocone em alguns pacientes provavelmente suscetíveis, podendo ser considerado um fator de risco para essa complicação.
ABSTRACT Objective: To assess if early alterations detected by Pentacam in children suffering from mild ocular allergy are suggestive of ectasia. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 49 medical records of patients of both sexes, aged between 3 and 14 years was performed. In this sample, 31 children suffered from grade I ocular allergy, and 18 presented no signs or symptoms of ocular allergy and comprised the control group. Several Pentacam indexes were evaluated. Results: A statistically significant association was found in the variables "Df - variation of the anterior corneal elevation map" and "combined Pentacam", which can be related to the early detection of corneal ectasia in these patients. Conclusion: There was a causal relation between prevalence of ocular allergy and tomographic alterations on the cornea, suggestive of keratoconus in some probably susceptible patients, which may be considered a risk factor for this complication.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/complications , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Keratoconus/etiology , Keratoconus/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Corneal Topography , Diagnostic Techniques, OphthalmologicalABSTRACT
Background: Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) has a prevalence of 30% in industrialized countries. For an accurate diagnosis and treatment, it is crucial to identify the causative aeroallergen. Aim: To evaluate aeroallergen sensitization in adults with ARC in the city of Temuco, Chile. Patients and Methods: A skin test against the main aeroallergens present in Temuco was carried out in patients aged 15 to 64 years with ARC diagnosed by medical examination and the Score For Allergic Rhinitis. Results: At least one aeroallergen sensitization was present in 234 (62.4%) out of 375 patients. Pollen-sensitized patients were positive mainly for Grasses (44.4%), Plantago (27.8%), Cynodon (26.1%), Sorrel (23.5%), Birch (14.9%), Nothofagus obliqua (13.3%) and Alder (11.1%). Dust mites were the most common non-pollinic sensitizing aeroallergens, including Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (70.1%) and Dermatophagoides farinae (62.8%). Conclusions: According to our results, skin tests in the city of Temuco should include at least dust mites, pollens of Grasses, Plantago, Cynodon, Sorrel, Birch, Nothofagus obliqua and Alder, because these allergens account for 93% of ARC cases in this city.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Skin Tests/methods , Allergens/classification , Rhinitis, Allergic/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/diagnosis , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sensitivity and Specificity , Rhinitis, Allergic/diagnosis , Rhinitis, Allergic/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Background. Seven million people are suffering from bronchial asthma in Bangladesh. But scanty data is available to explain the risk factors for asthma in Bangladesh. Methods. This population-based, age, sex, and economic status matched case-control study was conducted to identify the risk factors responsible for the development of bronchial asthma in two contrasting settings, the metropolitan capital city and coastal area of Bangladesh. A structured pre-tested questionnaire was filled up by face-to-face interviews with the patients or parents of patients with bronchial asthma and the normal controls after a respiratory physician confirmed the diagnosis on the basis of history, physical examination and spirometry. Results. Presence of allergic problems was recognised as risk factors for the development of bronchial asthma. Concomitant existence of atopic diseases, like allergic rhinitis, eczema and allergic conjunctivitis were found to be significant risk factors in both the settings. History of early childhood lung infections, like pneumonia, bronchiolitis and intake of antibiotics and paracetamol in last 12 months were also observed to be the risk factors in both the areas. Though most of the so-called allergic foods were statistically found to be a protective factor in both the settings [odds ratio (OR) 0.48, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.37-0.63 in city area and OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66-0.96 in coastal area], this was considered to be an artifact. Conclusions. Several common risk factors for the development of bronchial asthma were identified in both city and coastal areas of Bangladesh. Bronchial asthma prevention campaign in Bangladesh may focus on sensitising the people on these risk factors.
Subject(s)
Adult , Air Pollutants/adverse effects , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/epidemiology , Asthma/etiology , Bangladesh/epidemiology , Child , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/epidemiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/etiology , Eczema/epidemiology , Eczema/etiology , Humans , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Lung Diseases/epidemiology , Lung Diseases/etiology , Prevalence , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/epidemiology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/etiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Identification of relevant allergens that are prevalent in each environment which may have diagnostic and therapeutic implications in allergic diseases. This study aimed to identify the pattern of sensitisation to inhalant allergens in Omani patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis. The study was carried out during three consecutive years [2004-2006] at the allergy skin test laboratory of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman. Records of patients who had undergone an allergy skin prick test with a referring diagnosis of asthma, allergic rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis were reviewed. Two panels were used during the 3 years period. The frequencies of positive skin tests were analysed. Results: 689 patients were tested, 384 for the first panel and 305 for the second panel. In the first panel, the commonest positive allergens were: house dust mites [37.8%], hay dust [35.4%], feathers [33.3%], sheep wool [26.6%], mixed threshing dust [25.8%], cat fur [24.2%], cockroach [22.7%], straw dust [22.7%], horse hair [17.4%], maize [16.?%], grasses [11.5%], cotton flock [10.7%], trees [10.4%], cow hair [7.8%], Alternaria alternata [3.6%], Aspergillus Niger [3.4%], and Aspergillus fumigatus [?.3%]. In the second panel, the commonest positive allergens were also house dust mites: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus [50.8%], Dermatophagoides farinae [47.9%]; Mesquite [Prosopis glandulosa] [35.7%], Russian thistle [Salsola kali] [34.4%], cockroach [32.1%], Bermuda grass [Cynodon dactylon] [19.7%], grass mix-five standard [18.0%], wheat cultivate [14.1%], cats [13.8%], Penicillium notatum [4.3%], Alternaria tenius [3.9%], Aspergillus Niger [3.3%], feather mix [3.0%], dog [2.6%], horse hair and dander [2.6%], and Aspergillus fumigatus [1.6%]. The pattern of sensitisation to environmental allergens in Oman seems to be similar to other reports from the Arabian Peninsula. Methods to identify and characterise environment specific allergens like a pollen survey may help in the management of patients with allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hypersensitivity/complications , Inhalation Exposure/adverse effects , Asthma/etiology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Allergens/classification , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Skin Tests , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus , Dermatophagoides farinaeABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Avaliar aspectos demográficos e clínicos de pacientes com conjuntivite alérgica atendidos em centro de referência. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo no qual sinais e sintomas foram graduados com fichas padronizadas e diagnóstico diferencial feito pelo quadro clínico. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 207 pacientes, 131 (63,28 por cento) do sexo masculino e com idade variando de 1 a 45 anos. Destes, 38,65 por cento foram diagnosticados como ceratoconjuntivite primaveril; 38,65 por cento como ceratoconjuntivite atópica; 12,56 por cento como conjuntivite alérgica perene e em 10,14 por cento dos pacientes não houve diagnóstico definido. A presença de alergia extra-ocular foi maior em pacientes com conjuntivite atópica (91,25 por cento) e menor em pacientes com primaveril (32,5 por cento) e a história de alergia na família foi maior naqueles sem diagnóstico definido (59,1 por cento) e menor no grupo de conjuntivite primaveril (28,75 por cento). Os sintomas mais intensos foram prurido e lacrimejamento em pacientes com ceratoconjuntivites e houve correlação positiva entre a intensidade dos sintomas e dos sinais clínicos. CONCLUSÕES: Houve predomínio de formas crônicas e graves da alergia ocular com ameaça potencial à função visual.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate demographic and clinical features of patients with allergic conjunctivitis in a reference center. METHODS: Prospective study using sings and symptoms graduated by standardized charts for clinical diagnosis. RESULTS: We evaluated 207 patients, age ranging form 1 to 45 years and of whom 131 (63.28 percent) were males. Of the patients, 38.65 percent presented vernal keratoconjunctivitis; 38.65 percent, atopic keratoconjunctivitis; 12.56 percent, perennial allergic conjunctivitis and in 10.14 percent patients the diagnosis was not defined. Extraocular allergy was more frequent in patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (91.25 percent) and less frequent in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (32.5 percent). Family history of allergy was more frequent in patients without defined diagnosis (59.1 percent) and less frequent in the vernal group (28.75 percent). The most itense symptoms were itching and tearing in patients with keratoconjunctivitis. There was a positive correlation between symptom intensity and signs severity. CONCLUSION: Chronic and severe types of ocular allergy, with potential threat to visual function, predominated in the studed group.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/diagnosis , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/epidemiology , Keratoconjunctivitis/diagnosis , Keratoconjunctivitis/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Asthma/complications , Brazil , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/complications , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Dust , Epidemiologic Methods , Family Health , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Keratoconjunctivitis/complications , Pruritus/etiology , Rhinitis/complications , Seasons , Sex Distribution , Tears , Visual Acuity/physiologyABSTRACT
Piel y ojo comparten un origen común a partir del neuroectodermo (en el ojo, estructurales pricilpalmente esclerocorneanas) (1). La similitud de los epitelios de superficie y de sitios pigmentarios, la contiguidad palpebroconjuntival, la exposición idéntica a microorganismos o alergenos y factores del medio ambiente, los mecanismos de defensa similares, y mecanismos autoinmunes (escleroconjuntiva y úvea), son factores que pueden explicar la patologías comunes, llevando a una sintomatología a la vez dermatológica y oftalmológica; así, enfermedades tales como neurofibromatosis, dermatosis bulosa, vasculitis, Behcet, dermatis atópica y rosácea, son ejemplos de patologías compartidas. El objetivo de esta revisión es definir y explicar cuándo el dermatólogo debe solicitar la evaluación de un oftalmologo
Subject(s)
Humans , Dermatologic Agents/adverse effects , Dermatitis , Eye Diseases , Tropism , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Antimalarials/adverse effects , Cataract , Clofazimine , Conjunctivitis , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Dermatitis, Exfoliative , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/complications , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Ectropion , Edema , Eye Diseases , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/complications , Histamine H1 Antagonists , Neurofibromatoses , PUVA Therapy , Retinoids , Rosacea , Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/diagnosis , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/complications , Sturge-Weber Syndrome/diagnosis , Skin Diseases , Uveitis , XerophthalmiaABSTRACT
A conjuntivite alérgica é responsável por um espectro de alterações clínicas que vão desde desconforto leve, às vezes incapaz de motivar uma consulta oftalmológica, ao quadro ocular grave, com alta morbidade, podendo ameaçar a boa acuidade visual do paciente e freqüentemente impossibilitando-o de levar uma vida normal. Neste caso, há piora da qualidade de vida causando impacto pessoal e familiar, principalmente em crianças, nas quais a doença incide com maior freqüência.
Subject(s)
Humans , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Steroids , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/complicationsABSTRACT
La conjuntivitis alérgica es uno de los padecimientos oculares más comunes y uno de los principales motivos de la consulta médica. El ojo es un órgano que frecuentemente se va afectando por procesos inflamatorios en las reacciones alérgicas locales y sistémicas, involucrando en la mayoría de las casos a la conjuntiva. Los términos de alergia ocular y conjuntivitis alérgica son utilizados indistintamente. En muchos países la conjuntivitis es tratada en sistema de atención primaria y sólo una pequeña proporción de los casos son vistos por especialistas en oftalmología o alergia. Por lo tanto, la mejor comprensión de la fisiopatología dará mayores oportunidades para el tratamiento adecuado de esta enfermedad
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/classification , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/physiopathologySubject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Eye Manifestations , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Arthritis, Juvenile/complications , Arthritis, Reactive/complications , Arthritis, Psoriatic/complications , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Rheumatic Diseases/classification , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Sarcoidosis/complications , Behcet Syndrome/complications , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications , Uveitis, Anterior/diagnosis , Uveitis, Anterior/etiology , Vasculitis/etiologyABSTRACT
El presente trabajo pretende mostrar una descripción actualizada de las polinosis en nuestra zona. Se efectuó el relevamiento profesional de las plantas conocidas y/o sospechadas como alergógenas en la región de Bahía Blanca. Se estudió el polen absoluto en el aire durante 3 años. Se realizó un calendario floral de 30 especies, controlando sus inflorescencias durante el mismo lapso. Fueron preparados extractos con los pólenes antecitadas y posteriormente testificados en cien pacientes afectados por polinosis. Ochenta y seis enfermos mostraron pruebas positivas a gramíneas compuestas y quenopodiáceas; sólo catorce fueron positivos a gramíneas únicamente. Los síntomas por estos últimos pólenes fueron particularmente frecuentes e intensos en el mes de noviembre, correspondiendose con la floración de aquella familia. Sin embargo, a pesar de las reacciones positivas - marcadas y frecuentes - para quenopodiáceas, las consultas durante el verano disminuyeron ostensiblemente. No fue demostrada una correlación clínica significativa entre la floración de las compuestas y la signosintomatología del grupo estudiado. Consideramos imprescindible el acabado conocimiento de la flora alergógena y su calendario floral para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la polinosis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Asthma/immunology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/immunology , Pollen/adverse effects , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/immunology , Allergens/immunology , Argentina , Asthma/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Brassicaceae/adverse effects , Plants/immunology , Poaceae/adverse effects , Chenopodiaceae/adverse effects , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/etiologyABSTRACT
Apolinose gramíneas no Brasil foi descrita na década de 70 e os primeiros casos observados em Curitiba em 1977. É mais freqüente em adultos (média de 32 anos) e monossensibilizados ao pólen. Em crianças, é comum associar-se à alegria perene por ácaros. A dispersao de polens aéreos de gramíneas tem aumentado. Além da conjuntivite e rinite alérgica, aumentou a freqüência de casos de asma sazonal.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Child , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Allergens/adverse effects , Asthma/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Pollen/adverse effects , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/etiology , Seasons , SeasonsABSTRACT
La alergia ocular puede ser inducida por alimentos o por alergenos inhalantes; sin embargo, hay pocos estudios pediátricos al respecto. Objetivo: evaluar la relación de reactividad cutánea a alimentos y compararla con la de los inhalantes en pacientes pediátricos con rinoconjuntivitis. Método: se incluyeron 50 pacientes entre 6 y 16 años y se les realizaron pruebas a inhalantes y alimentos, IgE sérico total, citología de mucosa nasal y ocular. Para el análisis estadistico se utilizaron la prueba de T de Student no pareada, análisis de varianza de una vía, Ji cuadrada, medidas de tendencia central y dispersión. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 9.1 años ñ 2.5 días. Las pruebas cutáneas resultaron positivas en 20 por ciento sólo para alimentos, 50 por ciento para inhalantes y 30 por ciento para ambos. Los alergenos alimentarios más frecuentes fueron mariscos, jitomate, arroz, cacahuate. El de los inhalantes fue Dermatophagoides pteronissinus. Se observó IgE sérica más elevada y citología ocular positiva en el grupo con respuesta positiva a alimentos, con diferencia significativa (p= 0.023) en relación con inhalantes. Conclusiones: en el grupo de estudio se encontraron pacientes con alergia ocular con alta frecuencia de hipersensibilidad a los alimentos (50 por ciento)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Allergens , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/immunology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/pathology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Food Hypersensitivity , Food Hypersensitivity/complications , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/etiology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/immunology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/pathology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/etiology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/immunology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/pathology , Skin TestsABSTRACT
La conjuntivitis alérgica es una entidad clínica que se caracteriza por una afección inflamatoria a la conjuntiva ocular, ocasionado por un sinnúmero de alergenos (aeroalergenos, sustancias físicas y químicas, etc.) y que clínicamente se presenta con enrojecimiento de la conjuntiva, acompañado de prurito, lagrimeo, fotofobia, quemosis, los cuales pueden presentarse en forma estacional o perenne. Mencionaremos también que en la conjuntivitis alérgica participa todo tipo de respuesta inmunológica (humoral y celular) por lo que la orientación del tratamiento está hacia estos aspectos
Subject(s)
Humans , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/classification , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/physiopathology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/immunology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/therapy , KeratoconjunctivitisABSTRACT
Allergic conjunctivitis caused by sugi pollen is considered to be strictly a "spring disease". However, a recent report indicated that sugi pollen is scattered not only in spring but in all seasons, especially in the autumn. We retrospectively determined the number of patients with allergic conjunctivitis caused by sugi pollen during each month for 3 consecutive years, and also investigated the growth of sugi male cones in November for four years. Diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis was based on symptomatic complaints, clinical findings, and serum sugi pollen specific IgE measured by the Multiple Antigen Simultaneous Test 16. The annual incidence of allergic conjunctivitis peaked twice, once in spring and again in autumn. Scattering of sugi pollen occurred mostly in March and October, whilst the growth of sugi male cones was highest in November. Thus, allergy to sugi pollen can cause allergic conjunctivitis both in the spring and late autumn.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Allergens/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Female , Humans , Japan , Male , Middle Aged , Pollen , SeasonsABSTRACT
Se estudiaron 84 pacientes costarricenses con diagnóstico clínico de Conjuntivitis Alérgica (C.A.), sólo o acompañado de otros diagnósticos alergológicos y 100 testigos no atópicos. Se realizaron pruebas epicutáneos (piquete), para cada una de las tribus representadas en el país, con "mezclas de especies para cada tribu", encontrándose un porcentaje de positividad muy importante en más del 70 por ciento de los pacientes, contra un 2 por ciento de la población testigo no Atópica. Cuanto mayor es el número de tribus analizadas, mayor es el porcentaje de sensibilidad. La provincia de mayor número de pacientes positivos resultó ser Guanacaste. El grupo etario más sensible fue el de 11 a 20 años. La tribu que produjo un mayor porcentaje de positividades fue la Aveneae en todas las provincias analizadas, excepto en Alajuela que resultó se la Paniceae. Los pólenes de gramíneas resultaron muy importantes en la Hipersensibilidad Alérgica de los pacientes portadores de C. A. Es necesario utilizar el mayor número posible de tribus de acuerdo a la región, para detectar un mayor número de pacientes positivos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Pollen/analysis , Costa Rica , Hypersensitivity/etiology , PlantsABSTRACT
Säo apresentados cinco casos de "Floppy Eyelid Syndrome", com respectivas descriçöes clínicas e condutas terapêuticas. Faz-se uma ampla revisäo da literatura sobre o assunto e propöe-se o nome de "Síndrome da Flacidez da Pálpebra Superior" para ser adotado em nosso meio
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Eyelids/abnormalities , Eyelid Diseases/etiology , Eyelid Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Total IgE levels in the lacrimal fluid and serum were estimated in 28 soft contact lens wearers having giant papillary conjunctivitis [GPC] and in 22 normal soft contact lens wearers using the paper radioimmunosorbent test [PRIST]. A considerable elevaltion of lacrimal and serum IgE was detected in 24 [85.71%] out of 28 GPC patients The elevation was more pronounced in lacrimal than in serum IgE A slight elevation was detected in only 3 [13.63%] out of the 22 normal contact lens wearers
Subject(s)
Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic , Conjunctivitis, AllergicABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio de 74 pacientes afectados de conjuntivitis alérgica que asistieron a la consulta de alergología del Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente José Luis Miranda, de Santa Clara. Se señala la importancia de buscar todos los agentes etiológicos que influyen en estos pacientes, así como los medios diagnósticos utilizados. Por último, se destacan los tratamientos utilizados siendo los más frecuentes las vacunas estrepto-gamma, las medidas preventivas, el colirio antibiótico, las medidas ambientales y el colirio intal. El tratamiento fué dinámico, individual e integral entre las especialidades de oftalmología y alergología pediátrica