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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 86(1): 68-70, Jan.-Feb. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403470

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This case report describes the clinical characteristics and ophthalmic management of a patient who developed corneal perforation due to severe enophthalmos consistent with "silent brain syndrome." A 27-year-old man with a history of congenital hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal shunt was referred with complaints of "sinking of the eyeballs" and progressively decreasing vision in the left eye. Examination revealed severe bilateral enophthalmos in addition to superonasal corneal perforation with iris prolapse in the left eye. The patient underwent therapeutic keratoplasty the next day. Orbital reconstruction with costochondral graft and shunt revision of the intracranial hypotension were performed the next month to prevent further progression.


RESUMO Este relato de caso descreve as características clínicas e o manejo cirúrgico de um paciente que teve perfuração da córnea devido à enoftalmia grave consistente com a "síndrome do cérebro silencioso". Um homem de 27 anos com história de hidrocefalia congênita e derivação ventrículo-peritoneal foi encaminhado com queixas de "afundamento dos globos oculares" e diminuição progressiva da visão no olho esquerdo. O exame revelou enoftalmo bilateral importante, além de perfuração superonasal da córnea com prolapso iriano no olho esquerdo. A paciente foi submetida à ceratoplastia terapêutica no dia seguinte. Foi realizado no mês seguinte a reconstrução da órbita com enxerto costocondral e revisão do shunt para evitar progressão e piora do caso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Corneal Perforation , Brain , Corneal Perforation/surgery , Corneal Perforation/etiology
2.
Rev. medica electron ; 42(3): 1889-1899, mayo.-jun. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1127049

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La queratoplastia penetrante ha sido el procedimiento empleado, de forma casi universal, para el tratamiento de las patologías corneales que afectan de forma irreversible a la visión. Se reportaron 4 casos clínicos de pacientes con afecciones corneales con compromiso visual severo, dado por visión de cuenta dedos y percepción luminosa. Luego de la evaluación completa en cada caso, se decidió realizar la queratoplastia penetrante con fines ópticos, con el objetivo de recuperar la transparencia de la córnea y la calidad visual. No existieron complicaciones transquirúrgicas y fueron seguidos según protocolo de evaluación postoperatoria de trasplante corneal. Los resultados y evaluación fueron satisfactorios, al año mantenían la transparencia del injerto y se logró mejoría considerable de la agudeza visual (AU).


ABSTRACT Penetrating keratoplasty has been a procedure used, almost universally, to treat corneal diseases affecting vision in an irreversible way. Four clinical cases are reported of patients with corneal affections severely compromising vision, given by short vision and luminous perception. After completely evaluating each case, the authors decided to perform the penetrant keratoplasty with optical aims, to recover cornea transparency and the vision quality. There were not transurgical complications and the patients were followed up according to the protocols of post-surgery evaluation of corneal graft. The results and evaluation were satisfactory; after a year, the transparency of the graft was maintained and visual acuity substantially improved (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Ophthalmology , Vision, Ocular/physiology , Corneal Diseases/diagnosis , Corneal Perforation/surgery , Corneal Perforation/diagnosis , Keratoconus/surgery , Keratoconus/diagnosis
3.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(1): 59-62, Jan.-Feb. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888186

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We report a case of central corneal perforation treated with an autologous lamellar scleral graft and histologic findings obtained after a subsequent penetrating keratoplasty. A corneal perforation within a large Pseudomonas ulcer in a 55-year-old male rigid gas permeable contact lens wearer was sealed by a lamellar scleral graft from the same eye, followed by an uneventful penetrating keratoplasty 6 months later. Histology of the excised button revealed that the well-apposed graft, which maintained the irregular arrangement of the scleral collagen fibers, was embedded in the corneal stroma over the deep blood vessels and a rupture in Descemet's membrane. The clinical and histologic findings showed that autologous lamellar scleral grafts can be successfully used for the emergency treatment of corneal perforation when a corneal transplant is not available. The distinctive scleral structure revealed by histology and the inadequate graft transparency indicate that visual rehabilitation of eyes with a central corneal perforation can be achieved only by a subsequent optic penetrating keratoplasty.


RESUMO Relatamos um caso de perfuração corneana central tratada com enxerto autólogo lamelar de esclera e os achados histológicos obtidos após ceratoplastia penetrante (CP) subsequente. Uma perfuração da córnea devido a uma grande úlcera por Pseudomonas em um usuário de lentes de contato rígidas gás permeável de 55 anos de idade foi selada por um enxerto escleral lamelar do mesmo olho, seguida de ceratoplastia penetrante, sem intercorrências, seis meses depois. A histologia do botão excisado revelou que um enxerto bem posicionado, que manteve o arranjo irregular das fibras de colágeno escleral, foi incorporado no estroma corneano sobre os vasos sanguíneos profundos e uma ruptura na membrana de Descemet. Os achados clínicos e histológicos demonstraram que o enxerto autônomo de esclerose lamelar pode ser usado com sucesso como tratamento de emergência da perfuração da córnea, quando o transplante de córnea não é possível. A estrutura escleral característica revelada pela histologia e a transparência inadequada do enxerto indicam que a reabilitação visual dos olhos com uma perfuração corneana central só pode ser alcançada através de uma ceratoplastia penetrante óptica subsequente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sclera/transplantation , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Corneal Perforation/surgery , Sclera/pathology , Transplantation, Autologous , Visual Acuity , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Cornea/pathology , Corneal Perforation/pathology
4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 73(3): 291-293, jun. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-555075

ABSTRACT

Case reporting the use of one donor cornea for two transplantation procedures: deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in a case of an imminent corneal perforation caused by herpetic stromal necrosis, and Descemet stripping with endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) in an eye with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK). Descemet's membrane (DM), denuded by stromal necrosis, served as the starting point for dissection plane and creation of the recipient bed for DALK. The next steps were excision of the diseased stroma along the edge of trephination, and transplantation of a 400-450 µm thick, manually dissected lamellar graft. The remaining posterior layers of the donor cornea, 100-150 µm thick, were used as a graft in the DSEK procedure for PBK. The integrity of the globe was saved, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/40 was reached after DALK in the eye with an imminent corneal perforation. A subnormal central corneal thickness (CCT) of 430 µm did not interfere with corneal shape (43.50 x 45.50 D) and function. The graft remained attached and clear after DSEK in the eye with PBK, with BCVA of 20/30 and a CCT of 653 µm. One donor cornea can be used for two lamellar keratoplasties, DALK and DSEK. Although the described obstacles may prevent this approach from becoming widely used, it may prove useful when one is confronted with a need for an urgent anterior lamellar keratoplasty, a long list of cases for DSEK, and a shortage of donor corneas.


Relato de caso descrevendo o uso de uma córnea doadora para dois procedimentos de transplante: ceratoplastia anterior lamelar profunda (DALK) no caso de uma perfuração corneal iminente causada por necrose estromal por herpes vírus, e ceratoplastia com transplante de endotélio (DSEK) no olho com ceratopatia bolhosa em pseudofacia (PBK). A membrana de Descemet (DM), previamente desnudada pela necrose estromal, serviu como ponto de partida para o plano de dissecção e da criação do leito estromal para DALK. Os passos seguintes foram a excisão do estroma acometido até a borda da trepanação, transplante de um botão doador de aproximadamente 400-450 µm de espessura manualmente dissecado. As camadas posteriores restantes da córnea doadora, com a espessura de 100-150 µm, foram utilizadas para o procedimento DSEK no olho com PBK. A integridade do globo ocular foi mantida, e a acuidade visual melhor corrigida (BCVA) de 20/40 foi alcançada após DALK no olho com a perfuração corneal iminente. A espessura corneal central (CCT) de 430 µm abaixo da normal não interferiu com a curvatura anterior da córnea (43,50 x 45,50 D), nem com a sua função. O transplante de endotélio manteve-se tópico e transparente após DSEK no olho com a PBK, com uma BCVA de 20/30 e CCT de 653 µm. Uma córnea doadora pode ser utilizada para duas ceratoplastias lamelares, DALK e DSEK. Apesar de, devido os obstáculos descritos, pode não ser recomendada para o uso cotidiano, esta abordagem mostra-se útil nos casos da necessidade de uma ceratoplastia lamelar anterior de urgência, a longa lista para DESK e a falta de córneas doadoras.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Descemet Membrane/surgery , Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty/methods , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Corneal Perforation/surgery , Corneal Stroma/pathology , Pseudophakia/complications
5.
MEAJO-Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology. 2010; 17 (2): 186-188
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-98945

ABSTRACT

Rosacea is a dermatologic condition that affects the midfacial region. Ocular rosacea is most frequently diagnosed when cutaneous signs and symptoms are also present. Ocular manifestations are essentially confined to the eyelids and ocular surface. Ocular involvement ranges from minor irritation, dryness, and blurry vision to potentially severe ocular surface disruption including corneal ulcers, vascularization and rarely perforation. We present a 49'year-old Saudi Arabian female with the diagnosis of rosacea who presented with a peripheral corneal performation. The perforation was successfully managed by surgical repair, oral doxycycline and topical steroid. The final best corrected visual acuity was 20/30 after treatment. Early referral to an ophthalmologist and careful long-term followup are recommended


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Female , Corneal Perforation/drug therapy , Corneal Perforation/surgery , Rosacea/diagnosis , Rosacea/complications , Doxycycline
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