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1.
Journal of Biomedical Engineering ; (6): 932-939, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-921831

ABSTRACT

Craniofacial malformation caused by premature fusion of cranial suture of infants has a serious impact on their growth. The purpose of skull remodeling surgery for infants with craniosynostosis is to expand the skull and allow the brain to grow properly. There are no standardized treatments for skull remodeling surgery at the present, and the postoperative effect can be hardly assessed reasonably. Children with sagittal craniosynostosis were selected as the research objects. By analyzing the morphological characteristics of the patients, the point cloud registration of the skull distortion region with the ideal skull model was performed, and a plan of skull cutting and remodeling surgery was generated. A finite element model of the infant skull was used to predict the growth trend after remodeling surgery. Finally, an experimental study of surgery simulation was carried out with a child with a typical sagittal craniosynostosis. The evaluation results showed that the repositioning and stitching of bone plates effectively improved the morphology of the abnormal parts of the skull and had a normal growth trend. The child's preoperative cephalic index was 65.31%, and became 71.50% after 9 months' growth simulation. The simulation of the skull remodeling provides a reference for surgical plan design. The skull remodeling approach significantly improves postoperative effect, and it could be extended to the generation of cutting and remodeling plans and postoperative evaluations for treatment on other types of craniosynostosis.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Infant , Computer Simulation , Cranial Sutures/surgery , Craniosynostoses/surgery , Skull/surgery
2.
Acta cir. bras ; 25(2): 169-175, Mar.-Apr. 2010. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-540493

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The use of springs in cranial expansion has proven to be effective in the treatment of craniosynostosis. Spring-mediated expansion has been studied both in the sagittal and in parasagittal regions, especially in scaphocephaly. A rabbit model was used in the present study to analyze the effects of springs on the cranial vault and sutures. Methods: Thirteen 4-week-old New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups: in group I, only amalgam markers were used as control; in group II, amalgam markers were used and sagittal suturectomy was performed; in group III, amalgam markers were used, a sagittal suturectomy was performed and an expansible spring was fitted in the interparietal region and in group IV, markers were used and linear parasagittal craniectomy was carried out with springs. Animals were sacrificed after 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Radiological control and histological analysis were performed in the area of spring implantation. RESULTS: In the groups using springs distraction of the craniectomy borders was greater than in those that did not use springs. New bone formation was observed in all groups, and was faster in group II. Bone growth started from the borders and depth. Bone regeneration presented a similar histological pattern in the groups with spring in the sagittal and parasagittal region. Conclusion: The rabbit model proved to be adequate for the analysis proposed by the study. The use of springs in the groups with sagittal and parasagittal osteotomy led to a similar distraction of amalgam markers and both groups had similar ossification histological pattern.


Objetivo: O uso de molas na expansão craniana tem provado ser efetivo no tratamento da craniossinostoses. A expansão com molas tem sido estudada nas regiões sagital e parassagital, especialmente nas escafocefalias. Um modelo com coelho foi usado no presente estudo para analizar os efeitos das molas sobre a calota craniana e suturas. Métodos: Treze coelhos Nova Zelândia, com quarto semanas de vida, foram divididos em quatro grupos: no grupo I, somente marcadores de amálgama foram implantados como controle; no grupo II, marcadores de amálgama foram implantados e foi retirada a sutura sagital; no grupo III, marcadores de amálgama foram implantados, foi retirada a sutura sagital e foi colocada uma mola expansora na região interparietal e no grupo IV, marcadores de amálgamas foram implantados, uma craniectomia linear parassagital foi realizada e foi colocada uma mola expansora. Os animais foram sacrificados com 2, 4, 8 e 12 semanas. Foi realizado controle radiológico e histológico nas áreas de implantação das molas. RESULTADOS: Nos grupos que utilizaram molas a distração das margens ósseas de craniectomia foi maior do que nos grupos que não utilizaram molas. Neoformação óssea foi observada em todos os grupos, tendo sido mais rápida no grupo II. O crescimento ósseo teve início a partir das margens e da profundidade. A regeneração óssea apresentou padrões histológicos similares nos grupos com o uso de molas na região sagital e parassagital. Conclusões: O modelo experimental com coelho provou ser adequado para a análise proposta pelo estudo. O uso das molas nos grupos com osteotomia sagital e parassagital promoveu uma distração similar dos marcadores de amálgamas e ambos os grupos tiveram padrão histológico de ossificação similar.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rabbits , Cranial Sutures/surgery , Craniosynostoses/surgery , Osteogenesis , Cranial Sutures/pathology , Dental Amalgam , Dental Amalgam/pharmacokinetics , Orthopedic Fixation Devices , Skull/pathology , Skull/surgery
3.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 66(4): 868-871, dez. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-500570

ABSTRACT

The surgical treatment of the lesions located in the central lobe is a very difficult task for the neurosurgeon. The overall aim of this study is to verify the correlation of the coronal suture and the structures of the central lobe in 32 cadaver hemisphere brains and the importance of this information in surgical planning. The measurement of the nasion to the coronal suture ranged from 11.5 to 13.5 cm. The distance between the coronal suture in the midline to the central, precentral and paracentral sulcus ranged from 5.0 to 6.6, 2.5 to 4.5 and 1.3 to 4.0 cm respectively. Particularly in the normal cortex these measurements can be used to guide the surgical access. However, the identification of the central sulcus is not easy when the anatomical pattern is distorted or displaced by a lesion or edema. In cases such as these the use of other tools becomes crucial for good surgical planning and cortical mapping or awake craniotomy for a safer resection of the lesion as well.


O tratamento cirúrgico de lesões localizadas no lobo central é difícil para o neurocirurgião. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a relação da sutura coronária com as estruturas do lobo central utilizando-se de dissecção realizada em 32 hemisférios cerebrais de 16 cadáveres, assim como, a importância desta informação no planejamento cirúrgico. A medida da distância entre o nasion e a sutura coronária variou entre 11,5 e 13,5 cm. A distância da sutura coronária na linha média para os sulcos central, pré-central e paracentral variou de 5,0 a 6,6 cm, 2,5 a 4,5 cm e 1,3 a 4,0 cm respectivamente. O conhecimento destas medidas pode ser usado no planejamento cirúrgico principalmente num córtex normal. Porém, a identificação do sulco central é difícil quando as estruturas anatômicas estão deslocadas pela lesão ou quando há edema. Nestes casos a utilização de outros meios diagnósticos para o planejamento cirúrgico torna-se necessária, como também a estimulação cortical ou a craniotomia com o paciente acordado pode proporcionar uma ressecção mais segura da lesão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cranial Sutures/anatomy & histology , Frontal Lobe/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Craniotomy , Cranial Sutures/surgery , Frontal Lobe/surgery
4.
In. Psillakis, Jorge Miguel; Zanini, Silvio Antonio; Mélega, José Marcos; Costa, Edgard Alves; Cruz, Ricardo Lopes. Cirurgia craniomaxilofacial: osteotomias estéticas da face. Rio de Janeiro, Medsi, 1987. p.163-77, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-256022
5.
Cir. pediátr ; 4(3): 45-50, oct. 1985-ene. 1986. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-121567

ABSTRACT

Se estudia la casuística del Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital del Niño en el periodo comprendido entre julio de 1974 a junio 1984. Se concluye que el sexo masculino es más frecuentemente afectado; el 76 por ciento es visto por el especialista antes del 1er año de vida. Hay una asociacón apreciable entre prematuridad y craneosinostosis sin poderse afirmar que sea una relación de causa a efecto, ni viceversa. La edad de la madre parece no jugar algún rol en la etiopatogenia, las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes de esta entidad son las de formación craneal, las convulsiones y el retardo psicomotor; la forma clínica más frecuente es la acrocefalia, el 20 por ciento de los casos se asocia a anomalías de otros órganos. A 8 meses de observación el revestimiento de los bordes de la craniectomía en dos casos con duramadre homóloga parace prometedor


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Cranial Sutures/surgery , Craniosynostoses/etiology , Skull/surgery , Peru , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Exophthalmos/etiology
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