Burnout syndrome prevalence in physiotherapists

Summary Objective: To evaluate burnout syndrome in its three aspects, jointly as well as independently, in physiotherapists from the Extremadura region (Spain). Method: Analytic descriptive epidemiological transversal trial in primary care and institutional practice, with physiotherapists practicing in Extremadura who met the inclusion criteria, after having signed an informed consent form. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low professional accomplishment were the outcomes measured. Results: Physiotherapists from Extremadura show a 65.23 point level of burnout syndrome, according to the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire. Therefore, they are positioned in the middle of the rating scale for the syndrome, and very near to the high level at starting score of 66 points. Conclusion: Physiotherapists in Extremadura present moderate scores for the three dimensions of burnout syndrome, namely, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low professional accomplishment. For this reason, they are in the moderate level of the syndrome and very near to the high level, which starts at a score of 66 points. No relation between burnout syndrome and age has been found in our study.

Estudio descriptivo del síndrome de burnout en becados de psiquiatría / Burnout syndrome in psychiatry residents: a descriptive study

El síndrome burnout se define como una respuesta a un estrés emocional crónico, cuyos rasgos principales son el agotamiento físico y psicológico, una actitud fría y despersonalizada en la relación con los demás y un sentimiento de inadecuación en las tareas que se han de realizar. Actualmente es entendido como un problema social y de salud pública, que daña la calidad de vida de la persona que lo padece y disminuye la calidad asistencial. Considerando la alta carga emocional que supone el contacto permanente con dificultades de salud mental, este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar los niveles de riesgo de desgaste profesional en un grupo de médicos cursando el programa de especialidad en psiquiatría. Se aplicó la encuesta Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) a un total de 22 becados de psiquiatría de la Clínica Psiquiátrica Universitaria (en septiembre 2010), y se registraron las características demográficas para el análisis posterior. Los puntajes promedio obtenidos en las subescalas de agotamiento Emocional, Despersonalización, y Logros Personales se analizan para distintos subgrupos de acuerdo a las características demográficas estudiadas (género, estado civil, experiencia previa, programa de formación y año de beca).

Analysis on work related fatigue among prison police and mental medical staffs / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the work related fatigue among prison police and mental medical staffs; to compare the social support between two groups; to develop specific intervention strategies in the future.@*METHODS@#The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI) and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were applied to 100 prison police and 100 mental medical staffs respectively. Their status of work related fatigue and relevant social support were analyzed accordingly.@*RESULTS@#1) The level of fatigue among prison police was higher than mental medical staffs (P < 0.05); 2) The factor scores of "emotional burnout" and "depersonalization" among prison police were higher than that among mental medical staffs (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups on the "decreased sense of achievement" (P > 0.05); 3) The level of social support in the prison police was higher than that in the mental medical staffs (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Both prison police and mental medical staffs were vulnerable to suffering from fatigue. However, the details and relevant social support between these two groups were different. Active intervention should be taken for different occupation.

Resistencias al cambio interno-estructural / Resistances to the internal-structural change

La historia biográfica de cada cual (historia oficial), está inscrita inicialmente en códigos del proceso primario. Incluye, asimismo, la formación de una identidad, de una personalidad con estructura funcional, y un mundo de objetos internos, así como la correspondiente concepción de la realidad proyectada en un mundo externo. Es en aquel mundo interno, y en particular en sus zonas más patológicas, donde el psicoanálisis ubica sus principales propósitos y objetivos de promover cambios favorables y estables. Las defensas y resistencias que se oponen tenazmente al cambio se pueden conectar con la angustia de despersonalización y de irrealidad. Los logros que van dirigidos hacia un cambio positivo (idealizado) son atacados por el inconsciente mediante peligrosos auto-sabotajes y atentados auto-destructivos. La fantasía inconsciente relacionada a estos ataques tiene que ver con la envidia depositada en las primitivas imágenes parentales, las cuales, al sentirse desafiadas, ejecutan una venganza mítica, primitiva e infantil. Esta se intentará aplacar con mágicos sacrificios personales, familiares, o de ambos. Los psicoanalistas relacionan las posibilidades de cambio interno o estructural, con sus intervenciones terapéuticas efectudas sobre residuos de la experiencia infantil temprana (pre-edípica). Se incluyen tres viñetas.

Every early biographic (official) story is basically written in primary process. It includes the building of an identity, of a personality with its functional structure and a world of internal objects, as well as reality conceived projected in an external world. It is in this inner world, and particularly in its pathological areas, where the main purposes and goals of psychoanalysis of promoting favorable and stable changes are located. Defenses that oppose change are related to depersonalization and unreality anxiety. The accomplishments directed towards a positive (idealized) change are attacked by the unconscious through dangerous self sabotages and self destructive attempts. The unconscious phantasy related to these attacks has to do with the envy that has been deposited in the primitive parental images, which may feel challenged and therefore take a primitive infantile mythical revenge. Magical individual or /and family sacrifices are offered to overcome this revenge. Psychoanalysts tend to connect the possibilities of internal or structural change with interventions made on traces of early (pre edipic) childhood experience. Three vignettes are included.

Prevalence of the burnout syndrome among Brazilian medical oncologists

INTRODUCTION: Burnout syndrome which is prevalent among oncologists is characterized by three aspects: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal accomplishment. The purpose was to evaluate prevalence of the burnout syndrome among Brazilian medical oncologists and the variables that correlate with its presence. METHODS: A survey was conducted with members of the Brazilian Society of Medical Oncology (SBOC) who received three questionnaires (general, Maslach burnout questionnaire and an opinion survey) mailed to all 458 members. RESULTS: Response rate was of 22.3 percent. According to the criteria proposed by Grunfeld, which consider burnout present when at least one of the aspects is severely abnormal, prevalence of this syndrome was 68.6 percent (95 percent confidence interval, CI: 58.68 percent to 77.45 percent). By multivariate analysis having a hobby/physical activity, a religious affiliation, older age, living with a companion and rating vacation time as sufficient were correlated significantly and independently with burnout syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: The burnout syndrome is prevalent among Brazilian oncologists. Oncologists having sufficient personal and social resources to engage in a hobby, physical activity, have enough vacation time and religious activities are at lower risk of developing burnout.

INTRODUÇÃO: A Síndrome da Estafa Profissional (SEP) é considerada uma doença caracterizada por três componentes básicos: exaustão emocional (EE), despersonalização (DP) e reduzida realização pessoal (RP), sendo identificada em oncologistas. OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalência da SEP entre oncologistas clínicos e possíveis fatores relacionados. MÉTODOS: Foram enviados três questionários (Questionário Geral, Questionário Maslach de Burnout e Questionário de Opinião) para 458 cancerologistas cadastrados na Sociedade Brasileira de Oncologia Clínica (SBOC). RESULTADOS: A taxa de resposta foi de 20 por cento. 43,3 por cento dos entrevistados demonstraram nível baixo de EE, 57,8 por cento apresentaram nível alto de DP e 55,5 por cento alta RP. Para avaliarmos a presença da SEP, utilizamos o critério de Ramirez, que considera as três dimensões em nível grave (8,9 por cento) e o de Grunfeld que considera pelo menos um dos três domínios em nível grave (68,9 por cento). Pelos critérios de Ramirez, houve correlação negativa com praticar exercícios/hobby (p=0,0007) e crer em uma religião (p=0,0445) com SEP. Já por Grunfeld, se correlacionou positivamente com morar com o companheiro (p=0,0054) e considerar o tempo de férias insuficiente (p=0,0037). Por ambos os critérios, foi constatada uma correlação positiva entre ter a síndrome e não optar por oncologia novamente se tivesse essa oportunidade. CONCLUSÃO: A SEP é muito prevalente entre os oncologistas clínicos. Porém, a maioria destes profissionais optaria novamente por essa especialidade. Prática de exercícios/hobby, tempo de férias suficiente e crer em uma religião surgiram como possíveis fatores para prevenir esta síndrome.

Niveles de Burn out en docentes de Psicología de Universidades tradicionales de Asunción / Levels of Burn out in educational of Psychology of traditional Universities of Asunción

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar el nivel de Burn out en docentes de Psicología de universidades tradicionales de Asunción. Para la selección de participantes se empleó la técnica de selección sujeto por criterio previo y autoselección. El estudio descriptivo aplicó el diseño no experimental ex post facto. Los participantes son profesores universitarios de la carrera de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción y de la Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción en nº de 42 participantes. Se evaluó con el inventario de Maslach de Burn Out. Los resultados de los inventarios fueron sometidos al análisis de datos estadístico descriptivo. Los resultados indican que la población se distribuyó normalmente tanto en cansancio emocional como en despersonalización no siendo así en realización personal. La muestra presenta un nivel bajo en cansancio emocional y despersonalización y un alto nivel de realización personal, presentándose el síndrome solo en 3 participantes. Se cruzaron las variables sociodemográficas con los factores componentes del síndrome y se encontraron puntuaciones superiores en mujeres, personas mayores de 40 años, solteros y docentes con menos de 10 años de ejercicio.

Psicopatología del terrorismo / Psychopathology of terrorism

La aproximación psicopatológica en terrorismo tiene mayor relación con la compresión de mecanismos psicológicos y menos con las causas. La psicología del grupo brinda sustento emocional a sus integrantes, organizados según el modelo de grupo de ataque y fuga. Existe una ideología primitiva regresiva de tipo narcisista-paranoide, on idealización, desvalorización, desconfianza, temor y división buenos-malos, amigos-enemigos. Las víctimas son despersonalizadas, desvalorizadas, responsabilizadas y el victimario se justifica y disculpa