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1.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-110551

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To examine the perceived and enacted stigma experienced by TB patients and the community. METHODS: We interviewed 276 TB patients registered for treatment during January-March 2004 in government health facilities of two Tuberculosis Units of south India. Data on perceived and enacted stigma were collected after two months of starting treatment, using a semi-structured interview schedule. In addition, four Focus Group Discussions were conducted among Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) providers and community members. Narrative summaries were also taken down to collect additional qualitative information. RESULTS: Of the 276 patients, 190 (69%) were males. There was no significant difference between the genders in relation to social stigma. Perceived stigma was higher than enacted stigma in both genders and significantly higher among males (Low self esteem p < 0.05), change of behavior of community (p < 0.05), ashamed to cough in front of others (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Considering the social and emotional impact of the disease, it is essential to adopt support strategies to enhance acceptance and for a successful health programme.


Subject(s)
Adult , Attitude to Health , Community Health Centers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Directly Observed Therapy/psychology , Female , Focus Groups , Humans , India , Interviews as Topic , Male , Prejudice , Qualitative Research , Social Support , Stereotyping , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/psychology
2.
Rev. bras. ter. comport. cogn ; 10(1): 29-38, jun. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-514897

ABSTRACT

Pesquisar sobre correspondência verbal pode auxiliar a identificar as variáveis que interferem na adesão ao tratamento, já que se verifica a relação entre o que o paciente diz e o que ele faz. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar a correspondência dizer-fazer, em sua ocorrência natural, de três portadoras de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, sobre a sua prática de exercícios físicos. Foi perguntado aos participantes se eles iriam praticar exercícios físicos e, depois, esta prática foi filmada. Os dados revelaram que uma participante apresentou uma boa correspondência, outra apresentou correspondência parcial e a terceira não apresentou nenhuma correspondência Analisando-se os dados demográficos das participantes, levantou-se a hipótese de que variáveis como: escolaridade, nível sócio-econômico, idade e sedentarismo podem ter relação com o grau de correspondência verbal


Researches on verbal correspondence can help identifying variables that intervene in treatment adherence, since it is verified the relation between what the patient says and what he/she does. This study had the purpose to describe and analyze the correspondence say-do, in its natural occurrence, of three female adults, with type 2 diabetes mellitus, about their practice of physical exercises. It was asked to the participants if they would practice physical exercises. Later, this practice was filmed. The data show that one participant showed good correspondence, another one showed partial correspondence and the third one did not present any correspondence. Analyzing the demographic data of the participants, it was hypothesized that some variables, such as schooling, social-economic level, age and sedentariness may be related to the level of verbal correspondence


Subject(s)
/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Directly Observed Therapy/psychology , Verbal Behavior
3.
Rev. bras. ter. comport. cogn ; 5(2): 139-149, jul.-dez. 2003. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-444388

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo teve como objetivo observar a relação entre os comportamentos verbais e não-verbais de uma cliente e estagiária-terapeuta realizada numa clínica escola de psicologia. Para tal, foi utilizado o método de observação direta e medida do comportamento no contexto clínico-comportamental. Os participantes foram uma díade terapêutica composta por uma estagiária-terapeuta e cliente, sendo esta, do sexo feminino, casada, com o diagnóstico psiquiátrico de Transtorno do Pânico. As sessões foram filmadas em fitas VHS e destas foram analisados os 15 minutos iniciais de cada sessão, em intervalos de tempo de 30 segundos, num total de 330 intervalos. Da relação foram analisadas 22 categorias comportamentais, sendo oito categorias descritivas de relatos verbais de sensações corporais tais como Verbaliza Medo de Morrer, Verbaliza Palpitações, Verbaliza Sudorese relatadas pela cliente; seis categorias de comportamentos não-verbais repetitivos tais como Punhos Fechados à Altura do Peito, Apoiar a Cabeça nas Mãos; cinco categorias de respostas não-verbais da cliente tais como Olhar Fixamente para a Terapeuta, Sorrir Enquanto a Terapeuta Fala, Balançar a Cabeça Afirmativamente Enquanto a Terapeuta Fala e três categorias do comportamento verbal da terapeuta tais como Perguntar os Antecedentes, Comentar os Conseqüentes, Reforçar a Cliente. Os resultados indicaram que as categorias comportamentais das sensações corporais tiveram maior freqüência nas primeiras sessões, do mesmo modo, as categorias de comportamentos não-verbais repetitivos. Já as categorias da relação terapeuta-cliente, tanto desta como daquela foram freqüentes durante todas as sessões observadas. Os dados foram discutidos em termos da metodologia aplicada


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Behavior Therapy , Nonverbal Communication/psychology , Psychotherapeutic Processes , Directly Observed Therapy/psychology , Verbal Behavior
4.
EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2003; 9 (4): 689-701
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-158206

ABSTRACT

Treatment failure is a serious problem facing some national tuberculosis [TB] control programmes. Irregularity of treatment is a factor that can lead to treatment failure. A case-control study was carried out in TB centres in Egypt during April 2001-December 2002 aimed at investigating the predictors of treatment failure. We interviewed 119 people with treatment failure and an equal number of cured cases [controls] and their families regarding sociodemographic characteristics, information about TB, information about drugs, treatment compliance, family support and patient-family interaction. Significant risk factors for treatment failure were non-compliance to treatment, deficient health education to the patient, poor patient knowledge regarding the disease and diabetes mellitus as co-morbid condition


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Case-Control Studies , Comorbidity , Diabetes Complications/epidemiology , Directly Observed Therapy/psychology , Educational Status , Family/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Logistic Models , Patient Compliance/psychology , Predictive Value of Tests , Social Support , Treatment Failure , Tuberculosis/drug therapy
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