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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(7): 442-447, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787259

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To describe the anatomical course of the intralaryngeal portion of the inferior laryngeal nerve (ILN) and to standardize the surgical access to its thyroarytenoid branch (TAb) through the thyroid cartilage. METHODS: Under surgical microscopy, 33 adult human excised larynges were dissected, to expose the intralaryngeal portion of ILN. The point of entry of TAb, ILN's terminal branch, in the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle was determined and correlated with thyroid cartilage dimensions. RESULTS: After entering the larynx, the ILN consistently traveled between the thyroid cartilage and the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle in an anterior and slightly cranial course. The distance from the point of entry of the TAb in the TA muscle to the midline (TAb-H) and to the inferior border (TAb-V) of the thyroid cartilage differed according to gender. In females, mean distances of TAb-H and TAb-V were 20.5mm and 5.2mm and in males, 22.3mm and 5.9mm, respectively. CONCLUSION: The intralaryngeal course of the inferior laryngeal nerve presents low variability and measures from landmarks in the thyroid cartilage help to estimate the point of entry of thyroarytenoid branch in thyroarytenoid muscle.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve/surgery , Thyroid Cartilage/innervation , Dissection/standards , Laryngeal Muscles/innervation , Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve/anatomy & histology , Reference Standards , Sex Factors
2.
Colomb. med ; 47(1): 45-50, Jan.-Mar. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-783538

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study aims at determining if a collection of 16 motor tests on a physical simulator can objectively discriminate and evaluate practitioners' competency level, i.e. novice, resident, and expert. Methods: An experimental design with three study groups (novice, resident, and expert) was developed to test the evaluation power of each of the 16 simple tests. An ANOVA and a Student Newman-Keuls (SNK) test were used to analyze results of each test to determine which of them can discriminate participants' competency level. Results: Four of the 16 tests used discriminated all of the three competency levels and 15 discriminated at least two of the three groups (α= 0.05). Moreover, other two tests differentiate beginners' level from intermediate, and other seven tests differentiate intermediate level from expert. Conclusion: The competency level of a practitioner of minimally invasive surgery can be evaluated by a specific collection of basic tests in a physical surgical simulator. Reduction of the number of tests needed to discriminate the competency level of surgeons can be the aim of future research.


Objetivo: Este estudio pretende determinar si una colección de 16 pruebas en un simulador físico puede discriminar y evaluar objetivamente el nivel de competencia de practicantes de cirugía laparoscópica (novato, resistente y experto). Métodos: Se realizó un diseño de experimentos con tres grupos de estudio (novatos, residentes y expertos) para probar el poder de discriminación de 16 pruebas simples. Un ANOVA y un test de Student Newman-Keuls (SNK) fueron empleados para analizar los resultados de cada prueba con el fin de determinar cuáles de ellas podían discriminar los niveles de competencia de los participantes. Resultados: Cuatro de las 16 pruebas evaluadas lograron discriminar los tres niveles de competencia, y 15 pruebas lograron discriminar al menos dos de los tres grupos (α= 0.05). Adicionalmente, otras dos pruebas diferenciaron los novatos de los residentes, y otras siete pruebas diferenciaron los residentes de los expertos. Conclusión: El nivel de competencia de un practicante de cirugía mínimamente invasiva puede ser determinado mediante una colección de pruebas básicas en un simulador quirúrgico físico. El diseño de pruebas que discriminen los tres niveles de competencia y reduzcan el número de pruebas de la colección son posibles temas para nuevos trabajos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Professional Competence/standards , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/standards , Surgeons/standards , Sutures/standards , Analysis of Variance , Dissection/standards , Simulation Training
3.
La Paz; s.n; 1984. 101 p. graf.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-289037

ABSTRACT

Contiene: Region del hombro, region axilar, region deltoidea, region escapular, region axilar y deltoidea; region braquial y codo, region antebraquial anterior y anterior de la muñeca; region antebraquial posterior y dorsal de la muñeca; regiones palmar y dorsal de la mano;miembro inferior regiones:gluteaq, femoral posterior y poplitea;region inguino femoral, femoral antero interna y rotuliana,region de la pierna;cabeza y cuello; regiones cutaneas del craneo y de la cararegiones temporal e infra temporal;regiones supra e infrahiodea region orbitaria region de las fosas nales;sentido del oido cavidad bucal y orofaringe;cavidad taracica, mediastino anterior pericardio y corazon pared anterolateral del abdomen y trayecto inguinal; vacidad pelviana y peritoneo regional en el hombre; cavidad pelviana de la mujer; periné


Subject(s)
Humans , Anatomy , Anatomy/education , Anatomy/standards , Dissection/methods , Dissection/standards , Bolivia
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