Cardioembolic stroke: risk factors, clinical features, and early outcome in 956 consecutive patients

ABSTRACT Background: There is little information about the early clinical features of cardioembolic stroke before complementary examinations. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors, clinical features, and early outcomes of cardioembolic stroke. Methods: Retrospective study based on prospectively collected data available from a university medical center hospital-based stroke registry. Consecutive patients diagnosed with cardioembolic infarction were selected and compared to those diagnosed with an atherothrombotic stroke. Predictors of cardioembolic infarction were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results: From a cohort of 4597 consecutive patients, we studied 956 patients diagnosed with cardioembolic infarction (80 years [standard deviation (SD) 9.14]; 63% women) and 945 with atherothrombotic infarction (77.01 years [SD 9.75]; 49.8% women). The univariate comparative analysis reported that advanced age (≥ 85 years), female gender, atrial fibrillation (AF), ischemic heart disease, and congestive heart failure were significantly more frequent in the cardioembolic group, whereas hypertension, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, heavy smoking, hyperlipidemia, and previous transient ischemic attack were significant in the atherothrombotic group. In the logistic regression model, AF (odds ratio [OR] 15.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.14-20.42), ischemic heart disease (OR 3.12, 95% CI: 2.16-4.5), female gender (OR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.22-2.00), and sudden-onset (OR 1.97, 95% CI: 1.54-2.51), were independent significant predictors of cardioembolic stroke. Conclusions: Potential cardioembolic stroke requires a comprehensive evaluation, since early classification and identification through predictors would improve effective management. (REV INVEST CLIN. 2021;73(1):23-30)

Síndrome de Foix-Chavany-Marie por infarto biopercular con mecanismo cardioembólico / Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome sue to biopercular infarction with cardioembolic mechanism

El síndrome de Foix-Chavany-Marie o síndrome biopercular fue descrito como una diplejía labio-facio-faringo-laringo-gloso-masticatoria, con disociación automática del movimiento. Los pacientes que padecen este síndrome presentan alteración del habla (disartria o anartria), disfagia y no pueden abrir la boca, cerrar los párpados o protruir la lengua por voluntad propia, pero pueden sonreír, llorar y bostezar automáticamente. La etiología más frecuente en la edad adulta es la isquémica, a nivel opercular bilateral. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente con enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica de la arteria cerebral media derecha con parálisis pseudobulbar con conversión hemorrágica por mecanismo cardioembólico, con trastorno de la deglución. Tuvo una evolución favorable(AU)

Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome or biopercular syndrome was described as a lip-facio-pharyngo-laryngeal-glosso-chewing diplegia, with automatic dissociation of movement. Patients with this syndrome have speech impairment (dysarthria or anarthria), dysphagia and cannot open their mouths, close their eyelids or protrude their tongue freely, but they can smile, cry and yawn spontaneously. The most frequent etiology in adulthood is ischemic, at the bilateral opercular level. We report a clinical case of a female patient with ischemic cerebrovascular disease of the right middle cerebral artery with pseudobulbar paralysis, hemorrhagic conversion by cardioembolic mechanism, and swallowing disorder. She evolved favorably(AU)