ABSTRACT
Introducción. La pubertad se manifiesta inicialmente por la aparición de los caracteres sexuales secundarios, como consecuencia de cambios hormonales que progresivamente conducen a la madurez sexual completa. En Argentina y el mundo, la pandemia ocasionada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 generó un confinamiento que pudo haber interferido en el inicio y tempo del desarrollo puberal. Objetivo. Describir la percepción de los endocrinólogos pediatras del país sobre las consultas por sospecha de pubertad precoz y/o pubertad de rápida progresión durante la pandemia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal. Encuesta anónima a endocrinólogos pediatras pertenecientes a la Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría y/o a la Asociación de Endocrinología Pediátrica Argentina, en diciembre de 2021. Resultados. Respondieron la encuesta 83 de 144 endocrinólogos pediátricos (tasa de respuesta 58 %). Todos consideraron que aumentó la consulta por desarrollo precoz o temprano, ya sea en sus variantes telarca precoz (84 %), pubarca precoz (26 %) y/o pubertad precoz (95 %). El 99 % acuerda con que se ha dado en mayor medida en niñas. La totalidad de los encuestados también considera que aumentó el diagnóstico de pubertad precoz central. El 96,4 % considera que ha aumentado el número de pacientes tratados con análogos de GnRH. Conclusión. Nuestros resultados sobre la percepción de endocrinólogos pediatras coinciden con datos publicados en otras regiones sobre el aumento del diagnóstico de pubertad precoz durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Se reafirma la necesidad de generar registros nacionales de pubertad precoz central, difundir las evidencias para su detección y abordaje oportuno.
Introduction. Puberty is manifested initially by the onset of secondary sexual characteristics as a result of hormonal changes that progressively lead to complete sexual maturity. In Argentina and worldwide, the lockdown resulting from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic may have interfered in the onset and timing of pubertal development. Objective. To describe the perception of pediatric endocrinologists in Argentina regarding consultations for suspected precocious and/or rapidly progressive puberty during the pandemic. Materials and methods. Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study. Anonymous survey among pediatric endocrinologists members of the Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría and/or the Asociación de Endocrinología Pediátrica Argentina administered in December 2021. Results. Out of 144 pediatric endocrinologists, 83 completed the survey (rate of response: 58%). All of them considered that consultation for precocious or early puberty increased, either in terms of early thelarche (84%), early pubarche (26%), and/or precocious puberty (95%). Ninety-nine percent agreed that this has occurred to a greater extent in girls. All survey respondents also consider that the diagnosis of central precocious puberty has increased. In total, 96.4% of respondents consider that the number of patients treated with GnRH analogs has increased. Conclusion. Our results about the perception of pediatric endocrinologists are consistent with data published in other regions on the increase in the diagnosis of precocious puberty during the COVID-19 pandemic. We underscore the need to develop national registries of central precocious puberty, and to disseminate the evidence for a timely detection and management
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/epidemiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Communicable Disease Control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pandemics , Endocrinologists , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
En abril de 2021 el ministerio de salud de Chile da a conocer un estudio que explicita un importante déficit de médicos con especialidades derivadas de la Medicina Interna. En endocrinólogos de adultos se estima un déficit de 14 profesionales en el sistema público de Salud al año 2024, así como un endocrinólogo infantil y 10 diabetólogos; y una lista de espera estimada en 23.000 consultas de la especialidad para 2020. OBJETIVOS: cuantificar el número de especialistas en endocrinología de adultos, infantil y diabetología de nuestro país, y su distribución en nuestro territorio. MÉTODOS: Se realiza la búsqueda de todos los médicos registrados bajo la especialidad endocrinología y diabetología en la Superintendencia de Salud, su distribución por regiones del país, en relación del número de habitantes regional y nacional. RESULTADOS: Existen 340 especialistas en endocrinología y 188 diabetólogos a nivel nacional; 1.93 y 1.33 por cada 100.000 habitantes, respectivamente. El 75% de ellos se registra en las regiones Metropolitana, Valparaíso y Bio Bío. En 5 regiones del país se registra un profesional para toda la región; en una región no se registran profesionales de endocrinología ni diabetología. CONCLUSIONES: Este trabajo da cuenta de una desigual distribución regional de especialistas en endocrinología y diabetes en Chile. Se deben plantear estrategias de corto y mediano plazo para incentivar a especialistas que migren hacia regiones de alta necesidad.
In April 2021, the Ministry of Health of Chile unveiled a report showing a significant deficit of medical doctors with specialties derived from Internal Medicine. In adult endocrinologists, a deficit of 14 professionals in the public health system is estimated as of 2024, as well as one pediatric endocrinologist and 10 diabetologists; and a waiting list estimated of 23,000 consultations for the specialty by 2020. OBJECTIVES: to quantify the number of specialists in adult and pediatric endocrinology and diabetology, and their geographic distribution. METHODS: A search for all physicians registered under the endocrinology and diabetology specialties was carried out in the Superintendence of Health website; their geographic distribution according to regional and national inhabitants was studied. RESULTS: There are 340 endocrinology and 188 diabetes' specialists at the national level, 1.93 and 1.33 per 100.000 inhabitants, respectively. A 75% of them are registered in the Metropolitan, Valparaíso and Bio Bío areas. In five regions, just one professional is registered; there are no endocrinology or diabetology professionals registered in one region. CONCLUSIONS: our work accounts for an unequal regional distribution of specialists in endocrinology and diabetes in Chile. Short- and medium-term strategies should be proposed to encourage specialists to migrate to regions of high demand.
Subject(s)
Humans , Delivery of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Endocrinologists/supply & distribution , Chile , DemographyABSTRACT
Background and Objectives@#Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus are both inflammatory conditions that trigger the host response in a similar manner. The effect of uncontrolled diabetes on the progression of periodontitis, as well as the effect of periodontal health on the glycemic control of a patient, have been well documented. The need to include oral health in the management of a diabetic patient is deemed necessary. The objective of this study is to determine the awareness of the interrelationship between diabetes and periodontal disease among Endocrinologists in the Philippines and to determine whether management of a diabetic patient includes measures on maintaining periodontal health. @*Methodology@#A 20-item self-administered survey questionnaire was distributed to endocrinologists registered in the Philippine Society of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (PSEDM) Seminar and General Assembly held on September 5-6, 2015 at Sofitel Manila, Pasay City. The questionnaire was comprised of eight multiple choice and 12 yes-no questions, which combined queries on demographics, associations between diabetes and periodontitis as well as patient management. @*Results@#Most of the endocrinologists answered that tooth brushing and flossing should be performed at a minimum of twice a day (96.6%) and that frequency of dental visits should be at least every six months (71.3%). Although most endocrinologists claimed to be aware of the manifestations of gingivitis and periodontitis, only 3.6% accurately identified the symptoms of gingivitis and 3% accurately identified the symptoms of periodontitis. Majority (79.2%) were aware that periodontal disease affects Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and that DM is a risk factor for Periodontitis (95.9%). However, only 38.6% noted periodontitis as one of the complications of diabetes. More than half of the respondents refer their patients to dentists but less than half educate their patients on oral health. @*Conclusion@#More than 90% of the Endocrinologists are aware of the bidirectional relationship of Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus but do not clearly know the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis. In addition, the awareness is not translated to the management of diabetic patients.
Subject(s)
Endocrinologists , Periodontal DiseasesABSTRACT
Osteoporosis is a silent and frequent disease, which increases fracture risk. Approximately half of women and one of five men over 50 years old will suffer an osteoporotic fracture throughout their lives. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) allows a real bone mineral density (BMD) measurement in different parts of the skeleton and is considered the "gold standard" for quantifying osteoporosis with high accuracy and precision. The Board of the Chilean Society of Endocrinology and Diabetes (SOCHED) required from the Bone Disease Study Group to develop a consensus about the "Correct use of bone densitometry in clinical practice in Chilean population". Therefore, we elaborated 25 questions which addressed key aspects about the indications for a DXA scan, and the details of how to perform and report this test. Since some of the evidence obtained was of low quality or inconclusive, we decided to create a multidisciplinary group of national experts in osteoporosis to develop a consensus in this subject. The group consisted of 22 physicians including endocrinologists, gynecologists, geriatricians, radiologists, rheumatologists and nuclear medicine specialists. Using the Delphi methodology to analyze previously agreed questions, we elaborated statements that were evaluated by the experts who expressed their degree of agreement. The final report of this consensus was approved by the SOCHED board.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Osteoporosis/diagnostic imaging , Absorptiometry, Photon/standards , Bone Density , Societies, Medical , Chile , Consensus , Endocrinologists/standardsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of mathematical models used in non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients to determine when the patient needs to be referred to a hepatologist. Subjects and methods Patients referred by endocrinologists to the liver outpatient departments in two hospitals in Curitiba, Brazil, over a 72-month period were analyzed. The results calculated using the APRI, FIB 4, FORNS and NAFLD Fibrosis Score non-invasive liver fibrosis assessment models were analyzed and compared with histological staging of this population. Results Sixty-seven patients with NAFLD were analyzed. Forty-two of them (62.68%) were female, mean age was 54.76 (±9.63) years, mean body mass index 31.42 (±5.64) and 59 (88.05%) of the 67 cases had glucose intolerance or diabetes. A diagnosis of steatohepatitis was made in 45 (76.27%) of the 59 biopsied patients, and advanced liver fibrosis (stages 3 and 4) was diagnosed in 18 (26.86%) of the 67 patients in the study population. The FIB 4 and NAFLD Fibrosis Score models had a high negative predictive value (93.48% and 93.61%, respectively) in patients with severe liver fibrosis (stages 3 and 4). Conclusion In conclusion, use of the FIB 4 and NAFLD Fibrosis Score models in NAFLD patients allows a diagnosis of severe liver disease to be excluded.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Referral and Consultation , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology , Endocrinologists , Gastroenterologists , Liver Cirrhosis/pathology , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Reference Standards , Biopsy , Severity of Illness Index , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Disease Progression , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Liver/pathology , Models, TheoreticalABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction: Hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) lead to functional and structural changes in target organs such as the kidneys, characterizing the need for preventive actions to avoid Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Objective: To verify cardiologists' and endocrinologists' knowledge, indications and practices regarding prevention of CKD in patients with HT and DM. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 14 cardiologists and 5 endocrinologists applying a questionnaire about the conduct of these professionals regarding the prevention of CKD in hypertensive and diabetic patients. Results: One hundred percent of the cardiologists and endocrinologists did not request specific tests for CKD screening (albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), although 92.9% of the cardiologists and 60.0% of the endocrinologists report referring hypertensive and diabetic patients with impaired renal function to nephrologists. One hundred percent of the interviewees recognize the importance of physical exercise for their patients; however, only 68.6% of cardiologists and 60% of endocrinologists indicated a physiotherapist and/or physical trainer to implement these exercises. Conclusion: The professionals evaluated in this study do not request microalbuminuria and GFR examinations for hypertensive and diabetic patients as a follow-up routine, despite having found cases of renal function impairment in these patients; in contrast to what is proposed in the guidelines for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. They recognize the importance of physical exercise and report indicating their patients to a physiotherapist and/or physical trainer. We suggest continuing the study in order to ascertain the reasons for their not complying with the respective guidelines.
Resumo Introdução: A hipertensão arterial (HAS) e o diabetes mellitus (DM) ocasionam alterações funcionais e estruturais de órgãos alvo como os rins, caracterizando a necessidade de ações preventivas para evitar a Doença Renal Crônica (DRC). Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento, indicação e prática de condutas dos cardiologistas e endocrinologistas quanto a prevenção de DRC em pacientes com HAS e DM. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 14 cardiologistas e 5 endocrinologistas, através de questionário referente a conduta desses profissionais quanto a prevenção da DRC entre hipertensos e diabéticos. Resultados: Cem por cento dos cardiologistas e endocrinologistas não solicitam os exames específicos para o rastreamento da DRC (albuminúria e estimativa da taxa de filtração glomerular - TGF), embora 92,9% dos cardiologistas e 60,0% dos endocrinologistas relatem encaminhar pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos com comprometimento da função renal ao nefrologista. Cem por cento dos entrevistados reconhecem a importância do exercício físico para seus pacientes, no entanto, apenas 68,6% dos cardiologistas e 60% dos endocrinologistas indicam o fisioterapeuta e ou educador físico para a realização dos mesmos. Conclusão: Os profissionais avaliados neste estudo não solicitam exames microalbuminúria e de TFG para pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos como rotina de acompanhamento, embora tenham encontrado casos de comprometimento da função renal nesses pacientes, diferentemente do proposto nas diretrizes para hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus. Reconhecem a importância do exercício físico e referem indicar seus pacientes ao fisioterapeuta e ou educador físico. Sugerimos continuidade do estudo a fim de averiguar as razões para o não cumprimento das respectivas diretrizes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus , Disease Prevention , Integrality in Health , Hypertension , Chronic Disease , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Cardiologists , EndocrinologistsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with maternal and fetal risks that include maternal hyperglycemia and neonatal hypoglycemia. Intrapartal plasma glucose concentration has a stronger association with decreased neonatal hypoglycemia paralleled with antepartum plasma glucose levels. The objective of the study is to determine the association between intrapartal glucose monitoring and neonatal hypoglycemia. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study that involves parturients of any age with term gestation (>37 weeks) with gestational type or overt type of diabetes mellitus, either insulin-requiring or on medical nutrition therapy, with or without mean capillary blood glucose levels during labor. Multiple logistic regression was used for analysis, which quantifies the magnitude of association between maternal blood glucose control and neonatal hypoglycemia adjusted for significant confounders. RESULTS: The incidence of diabetes among pregnants in this private tertiary hospital over the study period was 7.82%. Most of the diabetic parturients were primigravid, with gestational type of diabetes mellitus, and on medical nutrition therapy. More than half were referred to an endocrinologist intrapartum. The incidence of maternal hyperglycemia intrapartum is 33%. The birthweights of the neonates ranged from 2095 to 5250 grams. Among the diabetic parturients, the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia is 10%. There was no significant association between neonatal hypoglycemia and intrapartummaternal hyperglycemia (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: There is no significant association between intrapartum maternal hyperglycemia and development of neonatal hypoglycemia. Antepartum and intrapartum management of maternal hyperglycemia did not appear to be associated with the development of neonatal hypoglycemia. A standardized institutional management protocol on glucose monitoring and control among diabetic parturients is strongly suggested.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Pregnancy , Insulin , Blood Glucose , Endocrinologists , Hyperglycemia , Hypoglycemia , Birth Weight , Gravidity , Nutrition TherapyABSTRACT
Anotaciones históricas del desarrollo profesional como cirujano endocrinólogo...