Regulatory T cells isolated from endometriotic peritoneal fluid express a different number of Toll-like receptors / Células T reguladoras isoladas do fluido peritoneal de mulheres com endometriose expressam um número diferente de receptores do tipo Toll

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze and compare the expression of Toll-like receptors by regulatory T cells present in the peritoneal fluid of patients with and without endometriosis. Methods Regulatory T cells were isolated from peritoneal fluid of women with and without endometriosis, collected during surgery, and mRNA was extracted for analysis of Toll-like receptors expression by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results Patients with endometriosis presented regulatory T cells expressing a larger number and variety of Toll-like receptors when compared to regulatory T cells from patients in the Control Group. Toll-like receptor-1 and Toll-like receptor-2 in regulatory T cells were expressed in both groups. All other expressed Toll-like receptors types were only found in regulatory T cells from the Endometriosis Group. Conclusion Patients with endometriosis had peritoneal regulatory T cells expressing various Toll-like receptors types.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar e comparar a expressão de receptores do tipo Toll por células T reguladoras presentes no líquido peritoneal de pacientes com endometriose. Métodos Células T reguladoras foram isoladas do líquido peritoneal de mulheres com e sem endometriose, coletadas durante a cirurgia, e o RNAm foi extraído para análise da expressão de receptores do tipo Toll por reação em cadeia da polimerase com transcriptase reversa. Resultados Pacientes com endometriose apresentaram células T reguladoras expressando maior número e variedade de Toll por células quando comparadas com T reguladoras de pacientes do Grupo Controle. Receptores do tipo Toll-1 e receptores do tipo Toll-2 foram expressos em ambos os grupos. Todos os outros tipos de receptores Toll foram encontrados expressos apenas em células T reguladoras do grupo com endometriose. Conclusão Pacientes com endometriose apresentaram células T reguladoras peritoneais expressando vários tipos de receptores tipo Toll.

Células natural killer endometriais: o que são? O que fazem? O que devemos saber? / Endometrial natural killer cells: what are they? What do they do? What do we need to know?

As células natural killer endometriais, também chamadas células natural killer uterinas, têm recebido especial atenção no campo da imunologia reprodutiva. Teorias que consideram alterações na resposta imune como uma causa de infertilidade conjugal e de falhas nos tratamentos de reprodução assistida têm ponderado um possível envolvimento negativo das células natural killer endometriais. As células natural killer são linfócitos que podem ser identificados no sangue periférico e no endométrio, apresentando diferenças fenotípicas e funcionais importantes. As células periféricas não se alteram com a fase do ciclo menstrual e implantação, sendo que as células natural killer endometriais apresentam variações durante o ciclo menstrual e período peri-implantacional, com menores concentrações durante a fase proliferativa e aumentando na segunda fase do ciclo. A célula natural killer endometriais participam nas várias fases da implantação, invasão trofoblástica, placentação e desenvolvimento fetal e no desenvolvimento da gestação humana até aproximadamente 20 semanas.

Endometrial natural killer cells have been given special attention in reproductive immunology. The relation between the endometrial natural killer cells and alterations in the immune response as a cause of couples infertility and failure in assisted reproduction treatment have been studied in several theories. Natural killer cells are lymphocytes that may be identified in peripheral blood and endometrium, with phenotypical and functional differences between them. Peripheral natural killer cells do not change with the menstrual cycle or implantation, as opposed to endometrial natural killer cells which present lower concentration in the proliferative phase and higher concentration in the luteal phase. Endometrial natural killer cells play an important role in the implantation, trophoblastic invasion, placentation, fetal development and development of the human pregnancies up to 20 weeks of gestation.

Local immune regulatory effects of Bangdeyun on the endometrium of mice with embryo implantation dysfunction during the implantation time / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study examined the effects of Bangdeyun on the expressions of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the endometrium of mice with embryo implantation dysfunction (EID) during the implantation time (namely on pregnancy day 5, 6, 7 and 8) and explored the local immune regulatory effects of Bangdeyun. The gestational mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group and Bangdeyun-treated group. EID models of mice were established by using indomethacin. The endometrial expression of NF-kappaB was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. IFN-gamma and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that in the normal group, NF-kappaB and IFN-gamma were weakly expressed and IL-10 was strongly expressed in the endometrium during the whole implantation period. In the model group, the expressions of NF-kappaB and IFN-gamma were increased on pregnancy day 5, 6 and 7, and IL-10 expression decreased during the whole implantation time when compared with those in the normal group (P0.05). The expressions of NF-kappaB and IFN-gamma were much lower in the Bangdeyun-treated group than those in the model group on pregnancy day 5, 6 and 7 (P<0.01 for all), while the expression of IL-10 was much higher than in the model group during the whole implantation time (P<0.01). It was suggested Bangderun may favor a shift from Th1- to Th2-type immune response, therefore inhibiting the maternal immune rejection, inducing the immune tolerance and improving the fetal implantation.

Immunohistochemical study of HLA-DR antigen in endometrial tissue of patients with endometriosis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In order to evaluate the expression of HLA-DR antigen in glandular cells in eutopic and ectopic endometrium in patients with endometriosis, 19 infertile patients with endometriosis were analyzed immunohistochemically by labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method. Nineteen infertile patients without endometriosis were studied as controls. The results showed that the expression of HLA-DR antigen in the glandular cells in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium was increased significantly as compared with that in the controls (P < 0.01). It is likely that aberrant expression of HLA-DR antigen in endometriotic tissue is involved in abnormal immunogenesis of endometriosis.