ABSTRACT
The efficacy of erythromycin was assessed in the treatment of 14 children aged 4 to 13 years with refractory chronic constipation, and presenting megarectum and fecal impaction. A double-blind, placebo- controlled, crossover study was conducted at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic of the University Hospital. The patients were randomized to receive placebo for 4 weeks followed by erythromycin estolate, 20 mg kg-1 day-1, divided into four oral doses for another 4 weeks, or vice versa. Patient outcome was assessed according to a clinical score from 12 (most severe clinical condition) to 0 (complete recovery). At enrollment in the study and on the occasion of follow-up medical visits at two-week intervals, patient score and laxative requirements were recorded. During the first 30 days, the mean ± SD clinical score for the erythromycin group (N = 6) decreased from 8.2 ± 2.3 to 2.2 ± 1.0 while the score for the placebo group (N = 8) decreased from 7.8 ± 2.1 to 2.9 ± 2.8. During the second crossover phase, the score for patients on erythromycin ranged from 2.9 ± 2.8 to 2.4 ± 2.1 and the score for the patients on placebo worsened from 2.2 ± 1.0 to 4.3 ± 2.3. There was a significant improvement in score when patients were on erythromycin (P < 0.01). Mean laxative requirement was lower when patients ingested erythromycin (P < 0.05). No erythromycin-related side effects occurred. Erythromycin was useful in this group of severely constipated children. A larger trial is needed to fully ascertain the prokinetic efficacy of this drug as an adjunct in the treatment of severe constipation in children
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Humans , Child , Constipation , Erythromycin Estolate , Gastrointestinal Agents , Chronic Disease , Cross-Over Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Double-Blind Method , Follow-Up Studies , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Trinta pacientes com acne vulgar inflamatória participaram deste estudo aberto, näo comparativo durante 12 semanas, utilizando na face o gel de peróxido de bezoíla 5 porcento mais eritromicina 3 porcento (na forma de estolato) duas vezes por dia , pela manhä e à noite. Foi observado um resultado excelente quanto à reduçäo do número total de lesöes em 46,7 porcento dos pacientes e bom em 26,7 porcento(73,4 porcento de resultados satisfatórios). Analisando separadamente a reduçäo de lesöes inflamatórias e näo inflamatórias, o tratamento mostrou melhor resposta sobre as lesöes inflamatórias, com 90 porcento de resultados satisfatórios.(au)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Acne Vulgaris , Adolescent , Benzoyl Peroxide , Erythromycin EstolateABSTRACT
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method, for the determination of three macrolide antibiotics [roxithromycin [RXE], erythromycin base [E] and erythromycin ethylsuccinate [EES]], is presented. Study of the optimum condition for separation and quantitation of these antibiotics indicated that chromatography is performed in the reversed-phase mode using a C-18 column at a temperature of 40C. The strength of phosphate buffer can be used to control selectivity of the separated compound. The addition of isopropanol to the mobile phase improves peak shapes for the compounds of interest. Validation data for the studied antibiotics is done on spiked human plasma samples after extraction by adopting a rapid and simple procedure. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were less than 5% for the spiked plasma and pharmaceutical dosage forms
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Erythromycin Estolate , Roxithromycin , Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate , Macrolides/bloodABSTRACT
A homogeneidade das suspensoes farmaceuticas e de importancia fundamental na terapeutica, no aspecto da correta e constante dosagem a cada administracao. A influencia dos tensoativos nao ionicos foi estudada na estabilidade das suspensoes de estearato e palmitato de cloranfenicol e estearato e estolato de eritromicina. Os tensoativos utilizados nas formulacoes foram na forma nao associada ("polisorbato 20, polisorbato 40, polisorbato 60, polisorbato 80") e associada ("span"/polisorbato 20, "span"/polisorbato 40, "span"/polisorbato 60, "span"/polisorbato 80) com os niveis de E.H.L. (equilibrio hidrofilo-lipofilo) de 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14,9, 15, 15,6 e 16,7. A estabilidade das preparacoes foi avaliada por meio dos seguintes parametros: valor de pH; densidade; viscosidade; aspectos do sobrenadante e sedimento; tempo de ressuspensao; volume de sedimento; e teor dos farmacos. O periodo de observacao foi de 15 semanas para a primeira e segunda etapa e de 52 semanas para a terceira. Na analise dos resultados aplicou-se estudo estatistico que indicou haver interacoes entre as variaveis. Em relacao aos parametros analiticos houve influencia dos farmacos suspensos dos tensoativos e dos valores de E.H.L. As caracteristicas fisicas mais influenciadas foram viscosidade, volume de sedimento e ressuspensao
Subject(s)
Chloramphenicol , Drug Stability , Erythromycin Estolate , Palmitates , Stearates , Surface-Active Agents , Suspensions , Dosage Forms , Technology, PharmaceuticalABSTRACT
Se describen los resultados obtenidos al realizar la evaluación desde el punto de vista químico, físico y microbilógico, de un preparado de eritromicina estolato en granulado para reconstituir. Para el mismo se empleó el método microbiológico como método oficial, y fueron realizados de forma colateral ensayos químicos tales como la determinación espectrofotométrica del contenido de principio activo en el granulado e identificación cromatográfica de los productos de descomposición, así como la medición de parámetros físicos tales como: apariencia organoléptica, viscosidad, redispersión, etcétera. Se demuestra la influencia que ejercen la temperatura y la humedad sobre la integridad del principio activo del granulado y se proponen las condiciones de almacenamiento más adecuadas. Se discuten las diferencias encontradas mediante el método químico y el microbiológico