Evaluating the resistance of eimeria Spp. field isolates to anticoccidial drugs using three different indices

In this study, the presence of resistance to diclazuril, amprolium+ethopabate and salinomycin, representing some of the commonest anticoccidials in Iran's poultry industry, against three mixed Eimeria field isolates were investigated. Three Eimeria field isolates, collected from typical broiler farms in Iran, were propagated once, inoculated to 480 broilers, comprising 30 chicks in each treatment. The non-medicated or medicated diets containing one of the above mentioned anticoccidials were provided ad-lib. Drug efficacy was determined using the Global index [GI], Anticoccidial Sensitivity Test [AST] and Optimum Anticoccidial Activity [OAA]. None of the field isolates were fully sensitive to the selected anticoccidials. All isolates showed reduced sensitivity/partial resistance to salinomycin. Resistance to amprolium+ethopabate was evident and partial to complete resistance was recorded for diclazuril. Limited efficacy of the selected anticoccidials is obvious. Considering the cost of continuous use of anticoccidials in the field, altering the prevention strategy and rotation of the anticoccidials with better efficacy, would prevent further economic losses induced by coccidiosis.

Simple Uv zero-order and derivative spectrophotometric analysis of amprolium hydrochloride and ethopabate in veterinary premixes

In this work, simple, sensitive and accurate zero-order and derivative spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of amprolium hydrochloride and ethopabate in admixture in veterinary premixes. The first method was based on the free solubility of the low constituent, ethopabate, in chloroform and the absorbance was measured at 267 mn. On the other hand, amprolium hydrochloride in the residue left was dissolved in 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and its absorbance was measured at 248 mn. The second method depended upon extracting the two drugs from their formulations using 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and the amplitude of the second derivative was measured at 279 nm for amprolium hydrochloride analysis and the amplitude of the first derivative of the valley was measured at 315 nm for ethopabate. These two methods allowed the simultaneous assay of amprolium hydrochloride and ethopabate in chicken feed in much shorter analysis time with good accuracy and precision