Clinical and imaging features of middle ear hairy polyps / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To collect the clinical cases of middle ear hairy polyp, and to summarize the imaging features. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of four cases middle ear hairy polyp confirmed by surgical and pathologic between January 2007 and January 2020 at the Affiliated Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University. There were three females, one male, with two left ears and two right ears, aged from 1 to 59 years. The CT and MRI imaging of the patients, and the corresponding clinical manifestations were analyzed. Results: Hairy polyps originated from tympanum in one case, originated from Eustachian tube in two cases, exhibiting recurrent otorrhea without evident inducement. The other case, hairy polyps originated from the Eustachian tube pharyngeal orifice and protruded into the nasopharyngeal cavity, with pharynx discomfort and aural fullness, endoscope showed offwhite polypoid mass with a little hair. All the four cases presented polypoid soft tissue masses on CT and MRI imaging, containing soft tissue wall and a large amount of adipose tissue, with soft tissue in the center of the mass which liked the core, and enhanced. MRI showed stratified arrangement of fat and soft tissue in the wall of the mass. Four cases all had surgical treatment, postoperative pathology examination presented that hair follicles, mature sebaceous glands and other skin appendages were found under squamous epithelium. A large amount of adipose tissue, part of muscle tissue, cartilage tissue, and some fibro-collagenous tissue were proliferated in the mass, accompanied by collagen degeneration. Conclusion: The middle ear hairy polyps has imaging characteristics, the polypoid soft tissue mass usually looks smooth and contains a large amount of adipose tissue, with a soft tissue in the center, and can be suggestively diagnosed by CT and MRI.

Sonotubometry findings in patients with combined airway disease with and without associated eosinophilic otitis media

Active opening of the eustachian tube is accomplished by contraction of the paratubal muscles. Disturbance of any of the ET functions may contribute to the development of otitis media [OM] with effusion and other middle ear diseases. Sonotubometry seems to be the most [physiologic] method for assessment of ET function and has the advantage that it can be performed on ears with an intact tympanic membrane and without the use of a pressure chamber. The aim of this study was to compare the Eustachian tube function using Sonotubometry in patients with combined airway disease associated with Eosinophilic otitis media with that having combined airway disease without otitis media. This study was applied on 45 patients divided into 3 groups each of 15. 1[st] group is the control group, 2[nd] group patients with combined airway disease without Eosinophilic otitis media, 3[rd] group patients with combined airway disease associated with Eosinophilic otitis media. Our results explains that the tubal opening durations were significantly longer in patients of EOM group than in patients with combined airway disease without EOM group and also the normal control group. Sonotubometry can be performed in patients with or, without an intact tympanic membrane and under physiological conditions. Sonotubometry is also inexpensive, painless, and easy to perform in both adults and children. Therefore, it has great potential value as a diagnostic tool for individuals with suspected ET disease

Audiometría y timpanometría en padecimientos de la trompa de eustaquio / Audiometry and tympanometry in eustachian tube dysfunction

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en 39 pacientes, 19 con disfunción de tuba auditiva y 20 con otitis media serosa (OMS). Se practicó estudios de audiometría completa y timpanometría de baja y alta frecuencia encontrando que ambas patologías cursan con hipoacusia conductiva más acentuada en las otitis medias serosas. La timpanometría de baja frecuencia puede ser inespecífica o con presiones positivas en las ototubaritis; tipo "B" o "As" en las OMS. La timpanometría de alta frecuencia mostró mayor sensibilidad con patrones más específicos en este tipo de patologías dominadas por factores de masa en el oído medio. Concluimos que son dos entidades particulares aunque la primera pudiera condicionar a las OMS a largo plazo y que la realización de estudios de alta impedancia son más sensibles para ofrecer un diagnóstico más preciso y de manera más precoz.

Otitis media / Otitis media

La otitis media es una inflamación del oído medio y una de las enfermedades que con más frecuencia requieren atención médica en pacientes en edad pediátrica. Se hace una descripción de la otitis media aguda y de las diferentes formas de evolución que puede seguir; los factores que determinan sus patogénesis y su evolución, así como los distintos tratamientos de cada afección, sus secuelas y complicaciones. Se mencionan algunas medidas profilácticas y la forma en que afectan en forma positiva a su evolución

Guttural pouch empyema and tympany: diagnosis and management

Guttural pouch [GP] tympanites and empyema were diagnosed in twelve animals [nine horses and three donkeys] with respiratory stridor and tympanic swelling in the parotid region. The diagnosis was based upon the anamnesis, clinical findings, paracentesis and radiographic and bacteriologic examination. Two fillies with GP tympanites were treated by using long-term implantation of an indwelling catheter through the pharyngeal orifice. Seven horses and three donkeys with GP empyema were managed by hyovertebrotomy with ventral drainage approach. The follow-up information revealed that one filly had persistent tympany; one donkey died of pneumonia and the other animals recovered completely within three weeks

Neumatocele craneal de origen mastoideo / Cranial pneumatocele of mastoid origin

Se presenta el caso de un paciente con neumatocele intracraneal espontáneo de origen mastoideo. Se le aplicó metilmetacrilato en la trompa de Eustaquio y se le colocó un tubo de ventilación en la membrana timpánica para lograr que saliera el aire atrapado. Su evolución fue tórpida, por lo que se requirió craneoplastia. Se hace un análisis del diagnóstico, el cual se efectuó con placas simples de cráneo, angiografía vertebral y carotídea, tomografía computarizada y estudio otoneurológico completo

Myringoplasty with mastoidectomy in eustachian tube dysfunction

The debate over the role of mastoidectomy in improving the results of tympanoplasty is a long one. In a trial to determine the effectiveness of mastoidectomy in improving the results of tympanoplasty by increasing the air cushion in the middle ear cavity, myringoplasty was performed in 60 patients with dry central perforation and with poor Eustachian tube [ET] function. In 30 of them, mastoidectomy was combined with myringoplasty, whereas in the other half myringoplasty was performed alone. It was found that the overall results, as regards graft take, hearing and ET function improvement were significantly better in those who had myringoplasty and mastoidectomy compared to those who had myringoplasty alone. Mastoidectomy seemed to be a safe and effective method to improve the results of myringoplasty

Avaliaçäo da orelha média de ratos pós-eletrocauterizaçäo da tuba auditiva / Evaluation of rats middle ear post electrocauterization of auditive tube

Esse estudo analisou as alteraçöes otoscópicas e histopatológicas das orelhas médias de ratos albinos submetidos à eletrocauterizaçäo do óstio nasofaríngeo tubário. Por uma técnica pouco invasiva e de fácil realizaçäo, a otoscopia demonstrou ser de importância fundamental na seleçäo prévia dos animais a serem utilizados e no acompanhamento seriado das alteraçöes induzidas. A análise histopatológica ressaltou que três dias após a cauterizaçäo, o principal sinal observado foi a transudaçäo dos vasos submucosos. Maiores alteraçöes foram observados de sete a 60 dias pós-cauterizaçäo, decorrentes da infecçäo e da açäo dos mecanismos de defesa