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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1142104

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las fracturas del húmero distal corresponden al 2% de todas las fracturas. Son los pacientes más añosos, los que presentan mayor desafío terapéutico. Suelen presentarse con huesos osteoporóticos, lo que conlleva a producir fracturas con mayor conminución articular y metafisaria; así como también dificultar una fijación estable y rígida de las mismas, que permita una movilidad precoz. Estas características generan controversia a la hora de elegir el tratamiento adecuado. El objetivo de este estudio es revisar la bibliografía de la última década, acerca de cuál es la mejor opción terapéutica para las fracturas de húmero distal en pacientes añosos. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistematizada a través de los buscadores electrónicos PubMed y Timbó en agosto 2019. La búsqueda llego a un total de 475 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 24 según criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Discusión: La mayoría de los estudios analizados son estudios de serie de casos retrospectivos. En los trabajos revisados, existen fracturas tanto extra como intra-articulares. Se analizaron los resultados de los distintos tratamientos realizados según parámetros clínicos, scores funcionales y complicaciones. Conclusiones: El tratamiento conservador es una opción válida para aquellos pacientes en los que el terreno no permita una intervención quirúrgica. Para las fracturas tipo extra-articulares y parcialmente articulares, la reducción abierta y fijación interna es el tratamiento de elección. Para las fracturas articulares completas, no hay diferencias significativas en cuanto a scores utilizados entre la reducción abierta y fijación interna con la artroplastia de codo. Faltan estudios prospectivos que comparen ambos tratamientos.


Introduction: Distal humerus fractures account for 2% of all fractures. It is the elderly patients who present the greatest therapeutic challenge. Osteoporotic bones, more common in this population, lead to the production of fractures with greater joint and metaphyseal comminution. As a result, stable and rigid fixation becomes more difficult, hindering early mobility. These characteristics generate controversy when choosing the appropriate treatment. The aim of this study is to review the literature of the last decade regarding the best therapeutic option for distal humerus fractures in elderly patients. Methods: A systematized search was performed through the electronic search engines PubMed and Timbó in august 2019. The search reached a total of 475 articles, of which 24 were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Discussion: Most of the studies analyzed are retrospective case series studies. In the articles reviewed, there are both extra and intra-articular fractures. The results of the different treatments performed were analyzed according to clinical parameters, functional scores and complications. Conclusions: Conservative treatment is a valid option for those patients where the terrain does not allow surgical intervention. For extra-articular and partial-articular fractures, open reduction and internal fixation is the treatment of choice. For complete articular fractures, there are no significant differences in scores used between open reduction and internal fixation and elbow replacement. There is a lack of prospective studies comparing both treatments.


Introdução: Fraturas do úmero distal correspondem a 2% de todas as fraturas. São os pacientes mais idosos os que apresentam maior desafio terapêutico. Geralmente apresentam-se com ossos osteoporóticos, o que implica produzir fraturas com maior cominuição articular e metafisária; assim como também dificultar uma fixação estável e rígida das mesmas, que permita uma mobilidade precoce. Estas características geram controvérsia na escolha do tratamento adequado. O objetivo deste estudo é rever a bibliografia da última década, sobre qual é a melhor opção terapêutica para fraturas de úmero distal em pacientes idosos. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa sistematizada através dos buscadores eletrônicos Pubmed e Timbó em agosto 2019. A pesquisa chegou a um total de 475 artigos, dos quais 24 foram selecionados segundo critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Discussão: A maioria dos estudos analisados são estudos de série de casos retrospectivos. Nos trabalhos revisados, existem fraturas tanto extra como intra-articulares. Foram analisados os resultados dos diferentes tratamentos realizados segundo parâmetros clínicos, scores funcionais e complicações. Conclusões: O tratamento conservador é uma opção válida para os pacientes em que o terreno não permita uma intervenção cirúrgica. Para fraturas tipo extra-articulares e parcialmente articulares, a redução aberta e fixação interna é o tratamento de escolha. Para fracturas articulares completas, não há diferenças significativas em termos de scores utilizados entre a redução aberta e a fixação interna com artroplastia do cotovelo. Faltam estudos prospectivos que comparem os dois tratamentos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , External Fixators/adverse effects , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Elbow/adverse effects , Conservative Treatment/adverse effects , Fracture Fixation/adverse effects , Humeral Fractures/surgery , Humeral Fractures/therapy , Treatment Outcome , Ilizarov Technique/adverse effects , Closed Fracture Reduction/adverse effects , Open Fracture Reduction/adverse effects , Fracture Fixation, Internal/adverse effects
2.
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery ; : 62-68, 2011.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-115530

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: A second staged operation using temporary bridging external fixation (TBEF) has been widely used in patients with periarticular complex fracture, yet few papers have been published on the related complications. The purpose of this study was to report the complication rate and pitfalls directly related to TBEF through a retrospective study and to suggest some solutions. METHODS: Fifty-nine cases that were treated by using TBEF were studied among 195 periarticular complex fractures. We retrospectively collected the clinical and radiological data and then the study data was evaluated for 1) cases with unsatisfactory restoration of length, 2) cases with deep infection caused by half pins invading the zone of definitive fixation, and 3) neurovascular injuries related to half pins. RESULTS: Complications were observed in 7/59 cases (11%). Problems related to the achievement of length were observed in one case of distal tibia fracture and 2 cases of distal femur fracture. Half pin related infection was observed in 2 cases of distal femur fracture. Neurovascular injury (medial calcaneal nerve injury in a distal tibia fracture) was observed in 2 cases. Among 7 complications, four were related to using TBEF in distal femur fracture. This is because the abundant leg muscles have strong deforming force and infection might be increased due to frequent irritation by the half pins. CONCLUSIONS: TBEF is a simple procedure with several advantages. However, complications might be observed if certain principles are not followed. It is thought that many complications due to TBEF can be reduced if the half pins are not inserted in the zone of injury, restoration of length is fully achieved and the neurovascular characteristics are carefully considered. In particular, much more caution is needed in the distal femur, which has abundant muscles surrounding it.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , External Fixators/adverse effects , Femoral Fractures/surgery , Fracture Fixation/adverse effects , Fractures, Comminuted/surgery , Leg Length Inequality/etiology , Peripheral Nerves/injuries , Retrospective Studies , Surgical Wound Infection/etiology , Tibial Fractures/surgery
3.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 648-652, 2010.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-46866

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Upper cervical fractures can heal with conservative treatments such as halo-vest immobilization (HVI) and Minerva jackets without surgery. The most rigid of these, HVI, remains the most frequently used treatment in many centers despite its relatively high frequency of orthosis-related complications. We conducted this study to investigate the clinical outcome, effectiveness, patient satisfaction, and associated complications of HVI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 1997 to December 2008, we treated 23 patients for upper cervical spinal injuries with HVI. For analysis, we divided high cervical fractures into four groups, including C1 fracture, C2 dens fracture, C2 hangman's fracture, and C1-2 associated fracture. We evaluated the clinical outcome, complications, and patient satisfaction through chart reviews and a telephone questionnaire. RESULTS: The healing rate for upper cervical fracture using HVI was 60.9%. In most cases, bony healing occurred within 16 weeks. Older patients required longer fusion time. We observed a 39.1% failure rate, and 60.9% of patients experienced complications. The most common complications were frequent pin loosening (34.8%; 8/23) and pin site infection (17.4%; 4/23). The HVI treatment failed in 66.7% of patients with pin site problems. The patient approval rate was 31.6%. CONCLUSION: The HVI produced frequent complications and low patient satisfaction. Bony fusion succeeded in 60.9% of patients. Pin site complications showed a tendency to influence the outcome of HVI, and would be promptly addressed to prevent treatment failure if they develop. The decision to use HVI requires an explanation to the patient of potential complications and constant vigilance to prevent such complications and unsatisfactory outcomes.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cervical Vertebrae/injuries , External Fixators/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Spinal Injuries/therapy , Treatment Outcome
4.
Pan Arab Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma [The]. 2007; 11 (2): 144-153
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-84866

ABSTRACT

This study was performed to evaluate the functional results of unstable open-book pelvic fractures in adults by external fixator and internal fixation. 15 patients were included in the study, 12 males and 3 females who were admitted to the Suez Canal university hospital. The average age was 45 years [22-63]. The mechanism of injury was motor car accident in 10 patients and 5 were pedestrians. Adult patients with recent unstable open-book pelvic ring injuries with diastasis at the symphysis pubis more than 2.5 cm were included with exclusion of open fractures and fractures of lower extremities. For each patient, history taking for mechanism of injury, clinical examination, and radiological evaluation as a preoperative assessment was done. Radiographic assessment through anteroposterior view, inlet view and outlet views were done for every patient to identify pelvic ring injuries. Also CT was done for every patient to identify any posterior pelvic ring injuries. In most of the cases the symphysis pubis was fixed first using Pfannenstiel's approach followed by applications of the esternal fixator frame. The patient's average hospital stay was 14 days]10-18 days]. The different methods of fixation were evaluated according to a system of functional scoring by Majeed. Anatomical results of patients post-operatively at one year revealed excellent results in 10 patients [67%] and good results in 4 patients [27%], and one patient has fair results [6%] due to displacement at the sacroiliac joint. The functional results were excellent in 12 patients [80%] good in 2 patients [14%] and fair results in one patient [6%]. Post-operative local complications in two patients [14%] as pin tract superficial infection. The technique of combined external fixation of the posterior ring and anterior fixation by a single-plate for unstable open-book pelvic fractures is an easy method and gives satisfactory anatomical and functional results


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pubic Symphysis/injuries , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Accidents, Traffic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , External Fixators/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Length of Stay , Treatment Outcome , Fracture Fixation, Internal
5.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 44(1)ene.-mar. 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-425314

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un paciente con inestabilidad de la pared torácica anterior y esternón tratado previamente con un dispositivo creado por los autores en 1995 para el volet costal. Las costillas artificiales externas del dispositivo, diseñado para el cerclaje subperióstico, actúan como elemento de fijación y han conseguido resultados satisfactorios. Se presenta un paciente, que producto de un accidente automovilístico, sufre lesiones en cráneo, tórax, abdomen y extremidades, entre las que resaltan contusión cerebral, lesión hepática, fractura de fémur e inestabilidad de la pared torácica anterior. Esta última requirió de prioridad extrema, pues habría llevado rápidamente al paciente a la insuficiencia respiratoria de no ser solucionado el problema. Se realizó la estabilización externa mediante un equipo que se utiliza en nuestro hospital, reutilizable y aplicable en cualquier inestabilidad torácica independientemente de la localización de esta. El fijador se confecciona con láminas de duraluminio maleables que permiten su adaptabilidad e introduce una forma de tratamiento en las lesiones torácicas bilaterales con inestabilidad esternal, situación compleja en la que puede resultar un instrumento valioso de tratamiento(AU)


A patient is presented with uncertainty of the previous thoracic wall and breastbone tried previously with a device created by the authors in 1995 for the costal volet. The external artificial ribs of the device, designed for the cerclaje subperióstico, act as fixation element and they have gotten satisfactory results. A patient is presented that product of an automobile accident, suffers lesions in skull, thorax, abdomen and extremities, among those that stand out cerebral bruise, hepatic lesion, femur fracture and uncertainty of the previous thoracic wall. This last one required of extreme priority, because it would have taken to the patient quickly to the breathing inadequacy of not being solved the problem. He/she was carried out the external stabilization by means of a team that is used in our hospital, reutilizable and applicable in any thoracic uncertainty independently of the localization of this. The fixer is made with sheets of malleable duraluminio that allow its adaptability and it introduces a treatment form in the bilateral thoracic lesions with uncertainty esternal, complex situation in which can be a valuable instrument of treatment(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Thoracic Injuries/etiology , External Fixators/adverse effects , Chest Wall Oscillation/adverse effects , Flail Chest/etiology , Accidents, Traffic
6.
Acta ortop. bras ; 13(2)2005. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-404147

ABSTRACT

O autor apresenta estudo prospectivo, onde utiliza o método da fixação externa, associado ao enxerto ósseo autógeno, para o tratamento de fraturas articulares e metafisárias do rádio distal. Trinta e seis pacientes, com idade média de 52,2 anos foram tratados. O acompanhamento teve um tempo médio de 36,2 meses. A estabilidade da redução e sua manutenção foram garantida pela fixação externa com o enxerto ósseo autógeno. Nos pacientes submetidos a análise densitométrica de massa óssea, a presença do enxerto autógeno mostrou-se estatisticamente constante ao longo do tempo. A reabilitação neste método, pôde ser antecipada, e, privilegiando a mobilização, teve início no pós-operatório imediato. Na quarta semana o aparelho de fixação externa é retirado, permitindo ao punho movimentação livre, menos da extensão, que é impedida por uma "órtese" de situação dorsal, por duas semanas adicionais. A análise dos dados resultantes do tratamento, considerou aspectos anatômicos e funcionais. Os dados anatômicos foram obtidos de estudos radiográficos dos pacientes. Sua análise baseou-se no método de Scheck (1962), e foram considerados como excelente em 72 por cento dos pacientes e bons em 28 por cento, satisfatórios em sua totalidades. Os dados relacionados à função obtida foram avaliados com base no sistema De Green e O'Brien (1978), modificado por Cooney et al. (1987). Na 24ª semana, 14 por cento foram considerados insatisfatórios e 86 por cento satisfatórios. Aos 12 meses e, em dezembro/99, foram considerados satisfatórios na sua totalidade. As complicações identificadas durante o tratamento foram: processo infeccioso no ponto de inserção dos pinos de SCHANZ, em 8,31 por cento dos pacientes e distrofia simpática reflexa em 8,33 por cento, todos completamente resolvidos com terapêutica apropriada. Identificou-se também, em 33,3 por cento dos pacientes, a presença de pseudoartrose do processo estilóide da ulna que, no entanto, evolui em todos os casos, sem sintomatologia. (AU...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , External Fixators , Radius Fractures , Bone Transplantation/methods , External Fixators/adverse effects , Radius Fractures/complications , Radius Fractures/diagnosis
7.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 41(3): 147-51, jul.-sept. 2002. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-342027

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un prototipo de fijador costal externo construido con duroaluminio maleable mediante la utilización del sistema de cerclaje AO, basado en una experiencia previa con un tórax inestable, en la cual se utilizó el sistema AO con costillas externas fabricadas de yeso y láminas de acero. La evolución de la enferma fue excelente lo que motivó a confeccionar el fijador costal reutilizable, el cual se usó después en otros 2 pacientes con resultados similares, uno de ellos con un tórax batiente con inestabilidad esternal(AU)


A prototype of external costal fixators made of malleable hard aluminum by using the AO cerclage system was presented. It was based on a previous experience with an unstable chest, in which the AO system was used with external ribs made of plaster and steel plates.The excellent evolution of the female patient led to the making of the reusable costal fixator that was also used by 2 other patients with similar results. One of them had a beating thorax with sternal unstability(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Morbidity , External Fixators/adverse effects
8.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 41(3): 201-5, jul.-sept. 2002. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-342035

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso de traumatismo torácico bilateral extenso con tórax batiente, el cual fue tratado con inmovilización de las partes blandas torácicas, con alambres de Steinman pasados de manera caudocefálica, lo que provocó la estabilización de la caja y el mejoramiento rápido de las funciones ventilatorias y se logró la retirada oportuna de la intubación endotraqueal y la eliminación del proceso séptico asociado, lo que por la severidad y la utilización de un sistema de fijación externa, lo hace un caso anecdótico e interesante, y permite inducir la utilización de esta forma de tratamiento en casos similares(AU)


A case of extensive bilateral thoracic traumatism is presented with thorax jamb, which was treated with immobilization of the thoracic soft parts, with wires of last Steinman in way caudocefálica, what caused the stabilization of the box and the quick improvement of the functions ventilatorias and it was achieved the opportune retreat of the intubación endotraqueal and the elimination of the process septic associate, that that for the severity and the use of a system of external fixation, he/she pays it an anecdotic and interesting attention, and it allows to induce the use this treatment way in similar cases(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , External Fixators/adverse effects , Thoracic Injuries/surgery
9.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 53(6): 283-6, nov.-dez. 1998.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-240796

ABSTRACT

Foi feito o estudo mecanico da rigidez nas montagens do fixador externo LIM-41 quando submetidas a esforcos de torcao. Uma condicao de fratura instavel foi reproduzida. As variaveis comparadas foram as configuracoes dos pinos de Schanz nas montagens, definidas como "distal", "padrao" e "proximal", e os afastamentos de 20 mm, 40 mm ou 60 mm entre o fixador externo e o elemento utilizado para simular o osso. Os autores concluem que as montagens com o fixador externo LIM-41 sao mais rigidas a esforcos de torcao quando se usam configuracoes "padrao" ou "proximal", onde ha pinos proximos ao local de simulacao da fratura, e quando se aproxima o corpo do fixador externo do elemento simulador do osso, tendo a primeira variavel maior efeito sobre o coeficiente de rigidez


Subject(s)
Biomechanical Phenomena , External Fixators/adverse effects , Rotation , Fracture Fixation , Torsion Abnormality
10.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 30(7): 503-13, jul. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-161124

ABSTRACT

No período de julho de 1988 a novembro de 1993, 56 pacientes, totalizando 61 montagens, utilizaram o método de Ilizarov no tratamento de lesöes pós-traumáticas dos membros inferiores, sendo 44 casos na tíbia e 17 no fêmur. O aparelho foi aplicado com objetivo de estabilizaçäo (neutralizaçäo de forças) em 21 pacientes, correçäo imediata de deformidade em três, correçäo progressiva em 22, alongamento em sete e transporte ósseo em 13. Foram analisadas as complicaçöes observadas e as soluçöes utilizadas, bem como sua eficiência comparativamente. Classificamos os resultados como satisfatórios naqueles pacientes cuja evoluçäo, bem como as soluçöes propostas às complicaçöes, quando ocorreram, näo interferiram no resultado final do tratamento, na tíbia - 36 casos (81,8 porcento) e no fêmur - 14 casos (82,4 porcento) e insatisfatório naqueles em que o tratamento foi comprometido ou até mesmo fracassou, devido às complicaçöes, sendo oito casos (18,2 porcento) na tíbia e três (17,6 porcento) no fêmur


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , External Fixators/adverse effects , Femur/injuries , Bone Wires/adverse effects , Osteotomy , Bone Nails/adverse effects , Tibia/injuries , Femur/surgery , Osteoporosis/etiology , Pain/etiology , Tibia , Tibia/surgery
11.
Fisioter. mov ; 7(1): 17-33, 1994. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-152319

ABSTRACT

A autora expöe as vantagens e inconvenientes do Métodos de Fixaçäo Externa de Ilizarov e as particularidades dos tratamentos clínico e fisioterápico. Säo também aqui apresentados os resultados obtidos, assim como as dificuldades encontradas em 7 pacientes submetidos ao método, nos membros inferiores, no período de outubro de 1991 a agosto de 1992, no Serviço II de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital Ortopédico de Sant'Ana - Lisboa Portugal


Subject(s)
External Fixators/adverse effects , Bone Lengthening/adverse effects , Bone Lengthening/instrumentation , Orthopedic Fixation Devices/adverse effects , Orthopedic Fixation Devices , External Fixators/statistics & numerical data , Orthotic Devices
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