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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(6): 370-374, nov.-dez. 2019. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057909

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: A queratite infeciosa é uma doença de incidência relativamente elevada e é responsável por um número importante de internamentos. Neste estudo pretende-se estudar diversas características epidemiológicas e clínicas associadas às queratites infeciosas de alto risco num hospital terciário em Portugal. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo retrospetivo, onde foram incluídos todos os doentes internados por abcesso da córnea no Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto (CHUP), entre Abril de 2013 a Março de 2018. Caracterizou-se a população em relação aos fatores de risco, apresentação clínica, tempo de internamento, resultados de culturas, resistência antibiótica in vitro, tratamento efetuado e resultado funcional. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 105 doentes. Os principais fatores de risco foram antecedentes de cirurgia de córnea, uso de lentes de contacto e história recente de trauma ocular. 74,3% dos doentes tiveram cultura positiva com 87,9% a corresponderem a cultura bacteriana pura, sendo a Pseudomonas aeruginosa e o Streptococcus pneumoniae os agentes etiológicos mais frequentes. 27,9% das culturas positivas eram resistentes a 3 ou mais classes de antibióticos. Todos os doentes iniciaram tratamento com colírios fortificados. 29,5% dos doentes necessitaram de realizar transplante de córnea. Ao final de 6 meses de seguimento, apenas 20,9% apresentavam AV>20/40. Conclusão: Na maioria dos casos, a etiologia foi bacteriana. Observou-se um número considerável de bactérias multirresistentes. Apesar do tratamento ter permitido uma melhoria da visão na maioria dos casos, um número considerável de doentes ficou com sequelas visuais importantes.


Abstract Objective: Infectious keratitis is a pathology with a high incidence and is responsible for a large number of prolonged stay hospital admissions. The purpose was to analyze the epidemiological and clinical data associated with high risk microbial keratitis at a central hospital in Portugal. Methods: A retrospective study of all inpatients presenting with corneal abscess in Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, from April 2013 to March 2018 was performed. Target population was characterized by risk factors, clinical features, length of stay, culture results, in vitro antibiotic resistance, treatment and outcome. Results: This study included 105 patients. The main risk factors were previous corneal surgery, contact lenses wear and recent history of ocular trauma. 74.3% of patients had a positive culture, 87.9% of these corresponding to a pure bacterial culture, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae being the most common pathogens. 27.9% of positive cultures were resistant to 3 or more classes of antibiotics. All patients began treatment with fortified drops. 29.5% of patients required a corneal transplant. After 6 months of follow-up, only 20.9% presented a VA>20/40. Conclusion: Most cases were caused by bacteria. A considerable number of multi-resistant bacteria was identified. Despite most cases having improved after treatment, a large number of patients had a significant visual acuity sequelae.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Eye Infections, Bacterial/epidemiology , Eye Infections, Fungal/epidemiology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/epidemiology , Eye Infections, Viral/epidemiology , Keratitis/epidemiology , Ophthalmic Solutions , Portugal , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Viruses/isolation & purification , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Acanthamoeba/isolation & purification , Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology , Eye Infections, Bacterial/therapy , Eye Infections, Fungal/microbiology , Eye Infections, Fungal/therapy , Eye Infections, Parasitic/microbiology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Eye Infections, Viral/microbiology , Eye Infections, Viral/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Corneal Transplantation , Fungi/isolation & purification , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Inpatients , Keratitis/microbiology , Keratitis/therapy
2.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 31(1): 145-152, ene.-mar. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-960638

ABSTRACT

La toxocariasis es una zoonosis parasitaria. Se describen las alteraciones anatómicas y funcionales producidas por membranas que traccionan el polo posterior y la periferia de la retina, las cuales provocan hemorragia vítrea parcial asociada a neovascularización del disco óptico con membrana epirretiniana, y un agujero macular lamelar relacionado con la presencia de granuloma periférico. Se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente sano, quien comenzó con disminución de la agudeza visual del ojo izquierdo y se le diagnosticó, por cuadro clínico y examen oftalmológico con resultado positivo de la prueba de Toxocara, una toxocariasis ocular complicada. Se le realizó cirugía de vitrectomía mínimamente invasiva 23 G asociada a membranectomía, y pelado de la membrana limitante interna, así como endofotocoagulación con láser panretiniana. Se usó como tamponador al final de la cirugía el gas SF6 y el posicionamiento del paciente. Se aplicó tratamiento antiparasitario y esteroideo sistémico previo a la cirugía, y se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios tanto anatómicos como funcionales del paciente(AU)


Toxocariasis is a parasitic zoonosis. A description is provided of the anatomical and functional alterations produced by membranes that pull the posterior pole and the periphery of the retina, causing partial vitreous hemorrhage associated to neovascularization of the optic disk with epiretinal membrane, and a lamellar macular hole related to the presence of peripheral granuloma. A clinical case is presented of a healthy male patient who started out with a decrease in the visual acuity of his left eye and was diagnosed with a complicated ocular toxocariasis based on his clinical status and ophthalmological examination with a positive toxocara test. Minimally invasive vitrectomy was performed: 23G associated to membranectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling, as well as panretinal laser endophotocoagulation, using patient positioning and gas (SF6) as tamponade at the end of surgery. Systemic steroid and antiparasitic treatment was provided before surgery, and satisfactory anatomical and functional results were obtained(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Ophthalmoscopy/adverse effects , Vitrectomy/methods , Toxocariasis/diagnosis , Toxocariasis/complications , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 75(1): 67-69, jan.-fev. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771113

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A miíase é a infestação dos tecidos humanos por larvas Diptera. O comprometimento ocular é raro. Os autores apresentam um caso de miíase na topografia do saco lacrimal e discutem as modalidades terapêuticas para o tratamento desta doença.


ABSTRACT Myiasis is the invasion of human tissues by Diptera larvae. Ocular involvement is rare. The objective of this paper is to report a case of myiasis in the topography of the lacrimal sac and discuss current treatments for this disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Lacrimal Apparatus/parasitology , Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases/parasitology , Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases/therapy , Myiasis/parasitology , Myiasis/therapy , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Myiasis/diagnosis
4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 76(4): 256-260, jul.-ago. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-686567

ABSTRACT

A neurorretinite subaguda difusa unilateral (DUSN) é uma forma de uveíte que pode potencialmente levar à cegueira. No Brasil e em outras partes da América do Sul, a neurorretinite subaguda difusa unilateral cada vez mais é considerada uma causa importante de uveíte posterior em crianças e em adultos jovens e saudáveis. Se diagnosticada e tratada ainda em fase inicial, permite uma resolução dos sintomas com melhora da acuidade visual. Caso progrida para a fase tardia, poderá acarretar uma perda visual significativa. Nesse estudo, por meio de uma revisão da literatura, descreve-se as principais características desta doença, incluindo os seguintes aspectos: histórico, etiologia, fisiopatologia, quadro clínico, diagnóstico, diagnóstico diferencial e tratamento.


Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) is a form of uveitis that can potentially lead to blindness. In Brazil and other parts of South America, diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis is an important cause of posterior uveitis in children and healthy young adults. If diagnosed and treated in early stage, allows a resolution of symptoms with improvement of visual acuity. If the disease progresses to the late stage, can result in significant visual loss. In this study, through a literature review, we describe the main characteristics of this disease, including the following aspects: history, etiology, physiopathology, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Eye Infections, Parasitic , Retinitis , Diagnosis, Differential , Eye Infections, Parasitic/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Parasitic/physiopathology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Larva , Retinitis/diagnosis , Retinitis/physiopathology , Retinitis/therapy , Uveitis/diagnosis , Visual Acuity
5.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2010 Jan; 58(1): 70-73
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-136018

ABSTRACT

We report two cases of intraocular cysticercosis which showed a peculiar presentation of neovascular glaucoma which is hitherto unreported. Two young adults presented with symptoms of raised intraocular pressure due to neovascular glaucoma. On dilated fundus examination both were found to have dead intravitreal cysticercosis. The cysts were removed by a three-port vitrectomy and intracameral injection of bevacizumab was given to help in the regression of rubeosis. Trabeculectomy had to be combined in one case. The intraocular pressure returned to normal. No recurrence of rubeosis was seen even after one year.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Cysticercosis/complications , Cysticercosis/diagnosis , Cysticercosis/therapy , Cysticercus/isolation & purification , Diagnosis, Differential , Eye Infections, Parasitic/complications , Eye Infections, Parasitic/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Glaucoma, Neovascular/diagnosis , Glaucoma, Neovascular/etiology , Glaucoma, Neovascular/therapy , Gonioscopy , Humans , Injections , Intraocular Pressure , Male , Ophthalmic Solutions , Vitrectomy , Vitreous Body/parasitology , Vitreous Body/pathology , Vitreous Body/surgery
6.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 50(6): 355-358, Nov.-Dec. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-499802

ABSTRACT

A case report of a 31 year-old woman from Paraíba State (North-Eastern Brazil) that presented severe involvement of ocular globes, ears and meninges. Diagnosis was established after enucleation of her left eye, when adult worms were seen in the midst of a granulomatous inflammatory process. Her response to the initial treatment with levamisole and cambendazole was good, but there was a relapse after the fifth month of treatment even with maintenance doses of both medications. She later received ivermectin and albendazol and responded well.


Paciente do sexo feminino, com 31 anos, procedente da Paraíba, apresentava envolvimento severo de ambos os globos oculares, com perda da visão à esquerda, comprometimento da audição e das meninges. Após enucleação do olho esquerdo fragmento de helminto identificado como Lagochilascaris minor foi observado em processo inflamatório granulomatoso. Inicialmente a paciente foi tratada com levamisol e cambendazol, com bom resultado. Verificou-se, todavia, piora do quadro após cinco meses, com eliminação de larvas do ascarídeo em lesão presente na órbita esquerda, embora a medicação fosse mantida com administração periódica. Houve boa resposta terapêutica, com regressão do quadro, após substituição dos anti-helmínticos anteriores pela associação ivermectina e albendazol.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Ascaridida Infections/parasitology , Ascaridoidea/isolation & purification , Eye Infections, Parasitic/parasitology , Hearing Loss, Unilateral/parasitology , Meninges/parasitology , Antiparasitic Agents/therapeutic use , Ascaridida Infections/diagnosis , Ascaridida Infections/therapy , Ascaridoidea/classification , Eye Enucleation , Eye Infections, Parasitic/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Severity of Illness Index
7.
West Indian med. j ; 53(3): 198-200, Jun. 2004.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-410463

ABSTRACT

Human infection with the sheep nasal botfly Oestrus ovis occurs sporadically. In most cases, there is a history of a strike in the eye by the adult fly. Human O. ovis has been reported rarely from the Americas. We report the first case of O. ovis infection in the Caribbean region, which occurred in an urban area of Barbados. The patient responded to removal of the larvae from the conjunctiva and symptomatic treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Female , Middle Aged , Diptera/growth & development , Eye Infections, Parasitic/diagnosis , Myiasis/diagnosis , Barbados , Goats/parasitology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Larva , Sheep/parasitology , Zoonoses/parasitology
8.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 64(2): 139-141, mar.-abr. 2001. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-286036

ABSTRACT

Descrevemos dois casos de oftalmomiíase interna posterior, com a presença de larva viva no espaço subretiniano. Fazemos uma revisäo bibliográfica, dando ênfase ao diagnóstico e tratamento desta rara afecçäo ocular infecciosa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Eye Infections, Parasitic/diagnosis , Myiasis/diagnosis , Muscidae/parasitology , Argon/therapeutic use , Fluorescein Angiography , Light Coagulation/methods , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Lasers/therapeutic use , Microscopy , Myiasis/therapy , Ophthalmoscopy , Visual Acuity
9.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 55(1/2): 25-6, ene.-jun. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-269418

ABSTRACT

A clinical case of phthirus pubis infestation of the eyelids in an eight year old boy is presented. He complained of a bilateral eyelids inflammation for the last two weeks which had not healed with a daily application of a collyrium. Physical examination showed the presence of small dark spheres, of approximately 1 mm. attached to the proximal extreme of the eyelashes. A microscopical examination of these elements permitted to identify adults and eggs of P. pubis. Neither insects nor eggs were found in the scalp of the patient. Treatment consisted in the extraction of the parasite elements by means of a fine forceps after the application of liquid vaseline in the eyelashes. A total of 23 adults insects and 32 eggs was removed. The boy proceeded from a boarding school, where none of the other 27 children was found infested and stayed there form monday to friday, going home for week ends. It was impossible to contact the mother, the most probable source the patient infestation, for epidemiological and prophylactical purposes


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Male , Blepharitis/etiology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/diagnosis , Phthirus/pathogenicity , Eye Infections, Parasitic/etiology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Eye Infections, Parasitic/transmission , Eyelashes/parasitology , Eyelids/parasitology
10.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 55(11): 841-5, nov. 1996. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-189649

ABSTRACT

A cisticercose é uma infestaçäo pela forma larvar da Taenia solium. O envolvimento ocular ocorre de 13 a 46 por cento dos pacientes afetados. Os autores descrevem um caso de cisticerco intraocular fortemente aderido à macula, fazendo protusäo para a cavidade vítrea. O parasita foi removido através de vitrectomia pars plana com aspiraçäo de seu envoltório e conteúdo. Parte deste envoltório entretanto, por ser cirurgicamente inseparável da retina subjacente foi deixado em contato com a mácula. No pós-operatório utilizou-se corticoterapia local e sistêmica durante trinta dias. Os autores chamam atençäo para o fato de, mesmo sem a remoçäo de toda a cápsula do cisticerco, a evoluçäo ter sido favorável, com vítreo transparente, sem reaçäo inflamatória ou descolamento da retina no pós-operatório tardio


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cysticercosis/surgery , Eye Infections, Parasitic/therapy , Vitrectomy/rehabilitation
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