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1.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e258946, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1558745

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar as concepções de maternidade para mulheres inférteis de diferentes níveis socioeconômicos que estão em tratamento de reprodução assistida. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, que utilizou como instrumento uma entrevista semiestruturada e contemplou temas como o significado de família, desejo/expectativas sobre filho e gestação e expectativas sobre a maternidade. Participaram da pesquisa 48 mulheres inférteis acima de 35 anos que usam tecnologias de reprodução assistida de alta complexidade em instituições privada e pública. Os dados foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo em que emergiram os temas: representações sociais da família; representações sociais da maternidade; expectativas com a gestação e os modelos maternos; e o filho imaginado. As participantes representaram a família de forma positiva, como um sistema de suporte, de fundação e origem de amor, configurando-a como um laço social. Por outro lado, as concepções de família com base na consanguinidade também estiveram presentes, representando a família pela perpetuação da espécie e pela importância do laço biológico. A maternidade foi marcada por significativa idealização, sendo vista como um papel gratificante e de realização da feminilidade. O peso da cobrança social para procriar também foi sentido como um dever a cumprir e que, na impossibilidade de se realizar, gera sentimentos de inferioridade, menos-valia, impotência e inadequação perante a sociedade, o que reforça o estigma da infertilidade. Tais resultados apontam a importância de reflexões sobre o papel da mulher na nossa cultura, visto que a maternidade é ainda utilizada como medida para o sucesso ou fracasso feminino. Faz-se necessário também refletir sobre a possibilidade da maior inserção do trabalho psicológico na reprodução assistida, visto a carga emocional e social envolvidas nesse processo.(AU)


This study aimed to analyze the conceptions of motherhood for infertile women from different socioeconomic levels who are undergoing assisted reproduction treatment. This is a qualitative and descriptive study that used a semi-structured interview as an instrument and included topics such as the meaning of family and desires/expectations about the child, pregnancy, and motherhood. A total of 48 infertile women over 35 years of ages using high-complexity assisted reproductive technologies in private and public institutions participated in this research. The data were treated by content analysis in which the following themes emerged: family social representations; social representations of motherhood; expectations with pregnancy and maternal models; and the imagined son. Participants represented the family in a positive way as a support system and the foundation and origin of love, embracing the family as a social bond. On the other hand, the family concepts based on inbreeding were also present, representing the family by perpetuation of the species and the importance of biological bonds. Motherhood was marked by significant idealization, being seen as a gratifying role and the fulfillment of femininity. The weight of the social demand to procreate was also felt as a duty to be fulfilled that, in the impossibility of carrying it out, generates feelings of inferiority, worthlessness, impotence, and inadequacy toward society, which reinforce the stigma of infertility. Results point to the necessary reflections on the role of women and our culture since Motherhood is still used as a measure of female success or failure. They also point to a reflection on the possibility of greater inclusion of psychological work in assisted reproduction given the emotional and social burden involved in this process.(AU)


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las concepciones de maternidad de mujeres infértiles, de diferentes niveles socioeconómicos, que se encuentran en tratamiento de reproducción asistida. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, que utilizó como instrumento una entrevista semiestructurada e incluyó temas como el sentido de la familia, deseos/expectativas sobre el hijo y el embarazo y expectativas sobre la maternidad. Participaron en la investigación un total de 48 mujeres infértiles, mayores de 35 años, usuarias de tecnologías de reproducción asistida de alta complejidad en instituciones públicas y privadas. Los datos se sometieron a análisis de contenido del cual surgieron los temas: representaciones sociales familiares; representaciones sociales de la maternidad; expectativas con el embarazo y modelos maternos; hijo imaginado. Las participantes representaron a la familia de manera positiva, como sistema de apoyo, fundamento y origen del amor, configurándola como vínculo social. Por otro lado, también estuvieron presentes las concepciones familiares basadas en la consanguinidad, representando a la familia para la perpetuación de la especie y la importancia del vínculo biológico. La maternidad estuvo marcada por una importante idealización, vista como un rol gratificante y de realización de la feminidad. También se sintió el peso de la demanda social de procrear como un deber que cumplir y que, ante la imposibilidad de realizarlo, genera sentimientos de inferioridad, desvalorización, impotencia e inadecuación en la sociedad, lo que refuerza el estigma de la infertilidad. Por tanto, son necesarias reflexiones sobre el papel de la mujer en nuestra cultura, ya que la maternidad se sigue utilizando como medida del éxito o fracaso femenino. También se reflexiona sobre la posibilidad de una mayor inclusión del trabajo psicológico en la reproducción asistida dada la carga emocional y social que implica este proceso.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Reproduction , Family , Parenting , Social Representation , Infertility, Female , Anxiety , Ovulation Detection , Ovulation Induction , Ovum , Ovum Transport , Parent-Child Relations , Patient Care Team , Patients , Pregnancy Maintenance , Pregnancy, Multiple , Prejudice , Psychology , Quality of Life , Self Concept , Sex , Sexual Abstinence , Shame , Achievement , Social Identification , Sperm Transport , Spermatozoa , Taboo , Time , Tobacco Use Disorder , Urogenital System , Uterus , Population Characteristics , National Health Strategies , Labor, Obstetric , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Adoption , Divorce , Marriage , Fertilization in Vitro , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Child Rearing , Family Characteristics , Risk Factors , Pelvic Inflammatory Disease , Reproductive Techniques , Gestational Age , Coitus , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Oocyte Donation , Consanguinity , Contraception , Sexuality , Couples Therapy , Affect , Abortion, Threatened , Pelvic Infection , Heredity , Inheritance Patterns , Ovulation Prediction , Depression , Reproductive Rights , Diagnosis , Dreams , Alcoholism , Embryo Transfer , Endometriosis , Conjugal Status , Job Market , Fallopian Tube Patency Tests , Family Conflict , Family Relations , Fantasy , Fear , Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications , Masculinity , Sedentary Behavior , Binge Drinking , Hope , Social Norms , Delay Discounting , Contraceptive Prevalence Surveys , Psychological Trauma , Donor Conception , Healthy Lifestyle , Contraceptive Effectiveness , Long-Acting Reversible Contraception , Social Construction of Gender , Gender Expression , Gender-Specific Needs , Frustration , Embarrassment , Sadness , Emotional Regulation , Psychological Distress , Empowerment , Varicocele , Belonging , Family Support , Emotional Exhaustion , Guilt , Happiness , Imagination , Infertility, Male , Insemination, Artificial, Homologous , Laboratories , Life Style , Loneliness , Maternal-Fetal Exchange , Medicine , Obesity
2.
Psicol. USP ; 35: e220070, 2024. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1550636

ABSTRACT

Resumo A partir do cenário brasileiro, marcado por diferentes expressões da violência, são construídas práticas midiáticas que representam a juventude pauperizada de forma a criminalizar tal grupo. Este artigo apresenta uma discussão a respeito dos sentidos produzidos por jovens de 14 a 16 anos sobre as representações midiáticas expressas por setores da mídia hegemônica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa participante, delineada a partir da perspectiva do sociólogo Orlando Fals-Borda e da ideia de coautoria de Mikhail Bakhtin. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma cidade do estado de Minas Gerais, e foram construídos sete grupos de discussão, em que reportagens nas quais jovens são associados a episódios tidos como criminosos foram discutidas. Por meio dos diálogos construídos, foi possível identificar que o conteúdo midiático pode resultar em uma série de violências nas vidas desses jovens, que resistem através da busca por estratégias criativas, envolvendo a arte e mídias alternativas.


Abstract From a scenario marked by different expressions of violence emerge media practices set on criminalizing impoverished youth. This article examines the meanings produced by youth aged 14 to 16 years about the media representations broadcasted by hegemonic sectors. A participative research designed based on sociologist Orlando Fals-Borda's work and Mikhail Bakhtin's co-authorship was conducted with youth from the state of Minas Gerais. Seven discussion groups were created to debate the association between youth and criminal activity on the news. Analysis of the dialogues showed that media content can impart a series of violence in their lives. However, they resist through creative strategies involving art and alternative media.


Résumé A partir d'un scénario marqué par différentes expressions de la violence ressortent des pratiques médiatiques visant à criminaliser la jeunesse appauvrie. Cet article discute les significations produits par des jeunes de 14 à 16 ans à propos des représentations médiatiques formulées par les secteurs hégémoniques. Une recherche intervenante, esquissée d'après la perspective du sociologue Orlando Fals-Borda et du concept de cocréation de Mikhail Bakhtin, a été réalisée dans une ville de l'État du Minas Gerais. Sept groupes de discussion ont été créé pour débattre des reportages où des jeunes sont associés à des épisodes criminels. L'analyse des dialogues a montré que le contenu des médias peut mener à une série de violences dans leur vie. Pourtant, ils résistent grâce à des stratégies créatives faisant appel à l'art et aux médias alternatifs.


Resumen A partir del escenario brasileño, marcado por diferentes expresiones de violencia, se construyen prácticas mediáticas, para criminalizar a la juventude más pobre. Este artículo discute los sentidos producidos por jóvenes de 14 a 16 años respecto a las representaciones mediáticas, expressadas por sectores de los medios hegemónicos. Se trata de una investigação participante, diseñada a partir de la perspectiva del sociólogo Orlando Fals-Borda y la idea de coautoría de Mikhail Bakhtin. La investigación fue realizada en una ciudad del estado de Minas Gerais, mediante siete grupos de discusión, donde se analizaron las asociaciones que hacen de los jóvenes con episodios delictivos. A partir de los diálogos establecidos, se encontró que lo proyectado por los medios de comuncación puede resultar de considerables violencias en la vida de aquellos jóvenes, quienes se resisten a través de la búsqueda de estrategias creativas como el arte y medios alternativos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Poverty , Stereotyping , Criminology , Exposure to Violence , Mass Media , Adolescent , Fear , Social Factors
3.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e257594, 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1558739

ABSTRACT

Addictive behaviors related to Internet are becoming more common and this tool has been essential once it enables home office, entertainment, homeschooling, and easy access to information. Despite the easiness brought by technology, the exaggerated use has affected users in different ways, including in the development of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to assess internet addiction, depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), attention, impulsivity, and stress in 48 adolescents (26 young women and 22 young men), aged from 15 to 18 years, with a mean age of 16.74 (0.61), mostly students of public schools, during COVID-19, to investigate correlations between these variables according to sex and sociodemographic aspects. To assess the factors, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT); the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) Questionnaire ; the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale for brazilian adolescents (EDAE-A); the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11); and a sociodemographic questionnaire were applied. The data collection was performed in schools located in southern Brazil. The results indicated that 12 out of 48 adolescents were considered addicted to the Internet. Moreover, Internet addiction was a predictor of depression in regression analysis (p<0.001). In addition, participants classified as more addicted to the Internet scored lower averages in general attention (p<0.035) and higher averages in behavioral symptoms of inattention and ADHD (p<0.050), stress (p<0.003), anxiety (p<0.016), and depression (p<0.015), with effect sizes ranging from moderate to high. Therefore, the intense internet use by adolescents might cause psychological consequences such as depression in adolescents. Family support and professional intervention might help in the reduction of symptoms and consequences of internet addiction as well as in its prevention.(AU)


A dependência de internet é cada vez mais comum, pois essa ferramenta tem se tornado imprescindível, uma vez que possibilita home office, entretenimento, educação domiciliar e fácil acesso às informações. No entanto, o uso exagerado da tecnologia afeta os usuários de diversas formas, inclusive no desenvolvimento de transtornos psiquiátricos. Este estudo visou avaliar a dependência de internet, depressão, ansiedade, hiperatividade, atenção, impulsividade e estresse em 48 adolescentes (26 meninas e 22 meninos) de 15 a 18 anos, com idade média de 16,74 (0,61), estudantes de escolas públicas do Sul do Brasil durante a covid-19, para investigar correlações entre as variáveis anteriores de acordo com gênero e aspectos sociodemográficos. Para avaliar, aplicou-se o Internet Addiction Test (IAT), um teste de atenção, escala SNAP IV, escala de depressão, ansiedade e estresse para adolescentes (EDAE-A), escala de impulsividade de Barratt e um questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados indicaram que 12 adolescentes foram considerados viciados em internet, e que a dependência desta foi preditora da depressão na análise de regressão (p < 0,001). Ainda, os participantes classificados como adictos tiveram médias mais baixas em atenção geral (p < 0,035) e mais altas em sintomas comportamentais de desatenção e hiperatividade (p < 0,050), estresse (p < 0,003), ansiedade (p < 0,016) e depressão (p < 0,015), com efeitos que variaram de moderado a alto. Portanto, o uso intenso da internet por adolescentes pode ter consequências psicológicas, como a depressão. Bom apoio familiar e intervenção profissional podem ajudar na redução dos sintomas e consequências, bem como na prevenção da dependência.(AU)


La adicción a Internet es cada vez más habitual, puesto que esta herramienta es esencial para el trabajo remoto, el entretenimiento, la educación domiciliar y el fácil acceso a la información. Sin embargo, su uso exagerado afecta a la vida de las personas de diferentes maneras, incluso en el desarrollo de trastornos psiquiátricos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la adicción a Internet, depresión, ansiedad, hiperactividad, atención, impulsividad y estrés en 48 adolescentes (26 muchachas y 22 muchachos), de entre 15 y 18 años, con una edad promedio de 16,74 (0,61), en su mayoría estudiantes de escuelas públicas del Sur de Brasil, durante la pandemia de la COVID-19, para investigar las correlaciones entre las variables mencionadas según género y aspectos sociodemográficos. Para evaluar los factores, se aplicaron el Test de Adicción a Internet (TAI), un test de atención, la escala SNAP IV, la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés para adolescentes (EDAE-A), la escala de impulsividad de Barratt y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados indicaron que 12 adolescentes fueron considerados adictos a Internet, además, la adicción a Internet fue un predictor de la depresión en el análisis de regresión (p<0,001). Igualmente, los participantes clasificados como más adictos a Internet tuvieron promedios más bajos en atención general (p<0,035), y más altos en síntomas conductuales de falta de atención e hiperactividad (p<0,050), estrés (p<0,003), ansiedad (p<0,016) y depresión (p<0,015), con efectos que varían de moderado a alto. Por lo tanto, el uso intenso podría producir consecuencias psicológicas como la depresión en los adolescentes. Tener un buen apoyo familiar e intervención profesional puede ayudar a reducir los síntomas y las consecuencias de la adicción a Internet, así como prevenirla.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adolescent , Internet Addiction Disorder , Technology Addiction , Mental Disorders , Perception , Personality Development , Psychological Phenomena , Psychological Tests , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Psychomotor Performance , Psychopathology , Psychotherapy , Rejection, Psychology , Self Concept , Sleep Wake Disorders , Social Adjustment , Social Alienation , Social Environment , Social Isolation , Social Sciences , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Sociology , Stress, Psychological , Task Performance and Analysis , Therapeutics , Time , Work Simplification , Physicians' Offices , Bipolar Disorder , Boredom , Computer Communication Networks , Shyness , Activities of Daily Living , Computers , Exercise , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Comorbidity , Cerebral Cortex , Child Advocacy , Child Welfare , Mental Health , Public Health , Reproducibility of Results , Adolescent Behavior , Behavior, Addictive , Time Management , Cognition , Communications Media , Consumer Behavior , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Neurocognitive Disorders , Wit and Humor , Counseling , Education, Distance , Affect , Culture , Adolescent Health , Depressive Disorder , Displacement, Psychological , Economics , Emotions , Equipment and Supplies , Disease Prevention , Exercise Test , Cerebrum , Family Conflict , Fear , Sedentary Behavior , Executive Function , Pandemics , Cognitive Dysfunction , Social Media , Financing, Personal , Mindfulness , Social Skills , Smartphone , Patient Health Questionnaire , Procrastination , Neuroticism , Academic Performance , Academic Success , Virtual Reality , Cyberbullying , Online Social Networking , Screen Time , Frustration , Data Analysis , Internet-Based Intervention , Psychological Distress , Social Comparison , Social Interaction , COVID-19 , Sluggish Cognitive Tempo , Exergaming , Social Deprivation , Sociodemographic Factors , Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder , Oppositional Defiant Disorder , Amygdala , Hostility , House Calls , Ergonomics , Impulsive Behavior , Interpersonal Relations , Introversion, Psychological , Anger , Learning , Limbic System , Loneliness , Mental Processes , Motivation , Motor Activity , Movement , Neurology
4.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e257416, 2024. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1558740

ABSTRACT

O câncer é uma doença crônico-degenerativa, que tem como uma de suas principais características a capacidade de invadir tecidos e órgãos do corpo, favorecendo o crescimento desordenado de células. É uma doença que impacta fortemente a pessoa enferma e todos à sua volta, incluindo sua família e seus amigos. A partir desse cenário, este trabalho visou compreender a visão da criança e o impacto emocional sofrido diante do diagnóstico de câncer da mãe. Buscou-se avaliar, a partir de ferramentas lúdicas e do desenho-estória, o entendimento da criança em relação ao processo de adoecimento materno, tomando como base o referencial psicanalítico para reconhecer como ela lidou com a situação. Participaram desta pesquisa uma mulher de 39 anos com diagnóstico de câncer em remissão e seu filho de 9 anos. Os resultados demonstraram que o adoecimento materno causou impactos emocionais significativos e assustadores para o infante, gerando fantasias irreais relacionadas ao câncer e a si próprio. Dessa forma, considera-se de fundamental importância o cuidado estendido aos familiares do indivíduo doente, a fim de que se tenha um olhar a todos que sofrem diante desse contexto.(AU)


Cancer is a chronic-degenerative disease that has as one of its main characteristics the ability to invade tissues and organs of the body, favoring the disordered cell growth. It is a disease that strongly impacts the sick person and everyone around them, including their family and friends. Based on this scenario, this work aimed to understand the child's view and the emotional impact suffered in the face of the mother's cancer diagnosis. It sought to evaluate, with ludic tools and drawing history, the child's understanding about the mother's illness process, based on the psychoanalytic framework to recognize how they deal with the situation. A 39-year-old woman diagnosed with cancer, in remission, and her 9-year-old son participated in this research. The results showed that the maternal illness caused significant and frightening emotional impacts for the infant, creating unrealistic fantasies related to cancer and to himself. Thus, the care extended to the sick individual's family and to the relatives is considered of fundamental importance, to give a complete care for all those who suffer in this context.(AU)


El cáncer es una enfermedad crónico-degenerativa, que tiene como una de sus principales características la capacidad de invadir tejidos y órganos, favoreciendo un crecimiento desordenado de las células. Enfermedades como esta impactan fuertemente a la persona que está enferma y a todos los que la rodean, incluidos familiares y amigos. Considerando esta situación, este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la percepción de un niño y el impacto emocional que sufrió ante el diagnóstico del cáncer vivido por su madre. Se pretendió evaluar, utilizando herramientas lúdicas y de dibujo-cuento, la comprensión del niño al proceso de enfermedad materna, buscando reconocer cómo el niño manejó este proceso a partir del referencial teórico psicoanalítico. En esta investigación participaron una mujer de 39 años diagnosticada de cáncer en remisión y su hijo de 9 años. Los resultados mostraron que los impactos emocionales de la enfermedad materna fueron significativos y aterradores para el infante, generando fantasías irreales relacionadas con el cáncer y él mismo. De esta forma, el cuidado extendido a la familia del individuo que está enfrentando esta enfermedad es importante para promover una atención integral a quienes la padecen en este contexto.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Play and Playthings , Drawing , Graphic Novels as Topic , Psychological Distress , Mothers , Neoplasms , Anxiety , Anxiety, Separation , Pain , Paranoid Disorders , Parents , Paternal Behavior , Pathology , Perceptual Defense , Personality , Play Therapy , Psychoanalysis , Psychoanalytic Therapy , Psychology , Psychotherapy , Quality of Life , Rehabilitation , Self Concept , Somatoform Disorders , Sublimation, Psychological , Symbiosis , Therapeutics , Transactional Analysis , Unconscious, Psychology , Breast Neoplasms , Bereavement , Adaptation, Psychological , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Homeopathic Cure , Child Care , Child Rearing , Psychic Symptoms , Chronic Disease , Risk Factors , Parenting , Panic Disorder , Interview , Communication , Conflict, Psychological , Creativity , Affect , Crying , Death , Defense Mechanisms , Depression , Diagnosis , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Ego , Emotions , Disease Prevention , User Embracement , Existentialism , Family Relations , Early Detection of Cancer , Fear , Hope , Emotional Adjustment , Phobia, Social , Treatment Adherence and Compliance , Free Association , Family Separation , Frustration , Patient Care , Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment , Physical Distancing , Genetics , Healthy Life Expectancy , Family Support , Psychological Growth , Coping Skills , Guilt , Happiness , Hospitalization , Imagination , Immune System , Individuation , Life Change Events , Loneliness , Maternal Deprivation , Medical Oncology , Medicine , Mother-Child Relations , Negativism , Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous
5.
Pan Afr. med. j ; 47(NA)2024. figures, tables
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1531985

ABSTRACT

A human resource base that ensures appropriate deployment of staff to emergencies, addressing different shock events in emergencies, without disrupting continuity of service is germane to a successful response. Consequently, the WHO Health Emergencies programme in the African Region, in collaboration with Africa Centre for Disease Control (ACDC) launched the African Volunteer Health Corps (AVoHC) and Strengthening and Utilization of Response Group for Emergencies (SURGE), an initiative aimed at ensuring a pool of timely responders. We explored the willingness of WHO staff to work in emergencies. A call for expression of interest to be part of the Elite Emergency Experts (Triple E) was published on 5th July 2022 via email and was open for 5 weeks. The responses were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and presented with graphic illustrations. A total of 1253 WHO staff, from all the six WHO regions, cutting across all cadre, applied to the call. The applicants had various trainings and experiences in emergency and have responded to mostly disease outbreaks. Two-third of the applicants were males. This paper did not explore reasons for the willingness to work in emergencies. However, contrary to fears expressed in literature that health workers would not want to work in emergencies with potential for infections, the applicants have worked mostly in infectious emergencies. Literature identified some themes on factors that could impact on willingness of health workers to work in emergencies. These include concerns for the safety of the responders and impact of partners, child and elderly care, as well as other family obligations, which emergency planners must consider in planning emergency response.


Subject(s)
Personal Health Services , Africa , Delivery of Health Care , Fear , Health Services , Occupational Groups
6.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 27(2): 574-592, Maio-Ago. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1419211

ABSTRACT

A pandemia pelo SARS-CoV-2 é um dos maiores desafios sanitários em escala global. Devido estado de emergência, uma série de medidas de controle e prevenção foram adotadas, como distanciamento social e redução das reuniões públicas. Nesse cenário, buscou-se avaliar a saúde mental de estudantes de uma instituição privada de Ensino Superior diante da pandemia. Esta pesquisa trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo desenvolvido na Faculdade do Vale do Jaguaribe, localizada em Aracati-CE. A coleta de dados ocorreu de dezembro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021, utilizando formulário eletrônico contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, epidemiológicas e relativas aos diferentes aspectos da saúde mental do estudante frente a pandemia da COVID-19. A análise foi baseada no cálculo de frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis além de medidas de tendência central e dispersão. Dos 333 discentes que participaram do estudo, a média de idade foi 25, com variação entre 18 e 56 anos, sendo maioria do sexo feminino (72,7%), autodenominação de cor/etnia parda (72,7%) e não estarem trabalhando (53,8%). A taxa de positividade entre os graduandos para COVID-19 foi de 9% (30). Ao serem questionados sobre como a pandemia alterou seus níveis de estresse ou saúde mental, 75,5% responderam que houve piora. Dentre os sintomas mais relatados no período da quarentena, estavam medo e ansiedade (ambos com 74,2%), seguidos por insegurança (69,7%). Baseados nos achados deste estudo, recomenda-se a incorporação de ações multiprofissionais na atenção aos estudantes dentro da academia. Sugere-se a implantação de um serviço qualificado buscando desenvolver um olhar holístico para os discentes.


The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has presented itself as one of the greatest health challenges on a global scale. Given the state of public health emergency, a series of control and prevention measures have been adopted, such as social distancing and reduction of public meetings, as in universities. Faced with this scenario, we sought to evaluate the mental health of students from a private institution of Higher Education in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this research was a descriptive cross-sectional study developed at the Faculdade do Vale do Jaguaribe, located in the City of Aracati- CE. Data collection occurred from December 2020 to February 2021, using an electronic form containing sociodemographic and epidemiological variables, as well as variables related to the repercussions in different aspects of the student's mental health when facing the pandemic of COVID-19. The analysis was based on the calculation of absolute and relative frequencies of the variables, as well as measures of central tendency and dispersion. Of the 333 students who participated in the study, the mean age was 25 years, with ages ranging from 18 to 56 years, the majority being female (72.7%), self- denominated as Brown (72.7%), not working when answering the form (53.8%). The positivity rate among undergraduates for COVID-19 was 9% (30/333). When asked how the pandemic altered their stress levels or mental health, 75.5% responded that it had worsened. Among the symptoms most reported by students during the quarantine period were fear and anxiety (both 74.2%), followed by insecurity (69.7%). It is suggested the implementation of a qualified approach service seeking to develop a holistic look for the students.


La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 es uno de los mayores desafíos sanitarios a escala global. Debido al estado de emergencia, se han adoptado una serie de medidas de control y prevención, como el distanciamiento social y la reducción de reuniones públicas. En este escenario, se buscó evaluar la salud mental de los estudiantes de una institución privada de educación superior frente a la pandemia. Esta investigación es un estudio descriptivo transversal desarrollado en la Facultad de Valle de Jaguaribe, ubicada en Aracati-CE. La recopilación de datos se llevó a cabo de diciembre de 2020 a febrero de 2021, utilizando un formulario electrónico que contiene variables sociodemográficas, epidemiológicas y relacionadas con los diferentes aspectos de la salud mental del estudiante frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. El análisis se basó en el cálculo de frecuencias absolutas y relativas de las variables, además de medidas de tendencia central y dispersión. De los 333 estudiantes que participaron en el estudio, la media de edad fue de 25 años, con variación entre 18 y 56 años, siendo la mayoría del sexo femenino (72,7%), autodenominación de la raza / etnia morena (72,7%) y no trabajando (53,8%). La tasa de positividad entre los estudiantes de pregrado para COVID-19 fue del 9% (30). Cuando se les preguntó cómo la pandemia había alterado su nivel de estrés o salud mental, el 75,5% respondió que había empeorado. Entre los síntomas más comunes durante el período de cuarentena, se encontraban el miedo y la ansiedad (ambos con un 74,2%), seguidos de la inseguridad (69,7%). Basados en los resultados de este estudio, se recomienda la incorporación de acciones multiprofesionales en la atención a los estudiantes dentro de la academia. Se sugiere la implementación de un servicio calificado que busque desarrollar una mirada holística hacia los estudiantes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Students , Universities , Mental Health/education , Pandemics , COVID-19/epidemiology , Anxiety , Stress, Physiological , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Academies and Institutes , Observational Studies as Topic/methods , Fear , Physical Distancing , Sociodemographic Factors , Health Services Research
7.
Vínculo ; 20(2): 128-139, 20230000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1532541

ABSTRACT

O medo é um afeto comum ao desenvolvimento humano, presente desde o nascimento; como é sentido e expressado pelas crianças reflete o amadurecimento emocional. Esta pesquisa clínica-qualitativa investigou os medos de seis crianças entre 5 e 7 anos, no contexto pandêmico, formato on-line, com entrevista com as mães e Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias com Tema com as crianças. Os dados foram analisados pela livre inspeção do material, segundo psicanálise winnicottiana. A manifestação do medo foi variada: medo de algo concreto e atual relacionado a um ego mais preservado; medos mais abstratos em crianças com menor autonomia. Em todos os casos, quanto maior o suporte emocional familiar, menos queixas e dificuldades. A figura materna se destacou como cuidadora principal, facilitando a autonomia ou mantendo a dependência infantil. O momento da pandemia surgiu como agravante de prejuízos emocionais, o medo infantil esteve relacionado a vivência de conflitos internos e expressão de necessidades anteriores.


Since birth, fear is a common affection of human improvement and how children feel and express it reflects their emotional development. This clinical-qualitative research investigated the fears of six children between five and seven years old in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Both online, mothers were interviewed and were applied to children the Drawing-and-Story Procedure (D-E). Data were analyzed by free inspection of the material, according to winnicottian psychoanalysis. The manifestation of fear was varied: fear of something concrete and current related to a well-preserved ego; abstract fears were reported in less autonomy children. In all cases, the greater the family's emotional support, the less complaints and difficulties. The maternal figure stood out as the main caregiver, facilitating autonomy or maintaining child dependence. Child fear was related to experience of internal conflicts and expression of previous needs and the pandemic was an aggravating factor of these emotional losses.


El miedo es un afecto común en el desarrollo humano; cómo lo sienten y expresan los niños refleja la maduración emocional. Esta investigación clínico-cualitativa investigó los miedos de seis niños entre cinco y siete años, en el contexto de la pandemia. En formato online, se entrevistó a las madres; a los niños se les aplicó el Procedimiento de Dibujos-Cuentos (D-E). Los datos fueron analizados por inspección libre del material, según el psicoanálisis de Winnicott. La manifestación del miedo fue variada: miedo a algo concreto y actual relacionado con un ego más preservado; miedos más abstractos en niños con menor autonomía. Cuanto más grande era el apoyo emocional de la familia, menores las dificultades. Las madres se destacaron como las principales cuidadoras, manteniendo o no la dependencia infantil. El miedo se relacionó con la vivencia de conflictos internos y la expresión de necesidades previas, pero la pandemia fue un gran agravante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Psychoanalysis , Fear , COVID-19/psychology
8.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 26(301): 9829-9741, jul.2023. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1444819

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: compreender a experiência do idoso no restabelecimento da marcha após cirurgia de fratura de fêmur por queda e elaborar modelo teórico que a represente. Método: pesquisa qualitativa na abordagem da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, com saturação teórica, mediante a análise da transcrição da nona entrevista não diretiva audiogravada, com idosos que vivenciaram a experiência. CAAE 021.0.063.000-10. Resultados: emergiram três subprocessos: sentindo-se desafiado a recuperar a dignidade de desenvolver o autocuidado em situação de risco; perseverando em recursos psicossociais para reabilitar marcha ameaçada; resgatando a autoconfiança para deambular. Do realinhamento desses subprocessos, abstraiu-se a categoria central (processo), recursos psicossociais do idoso para reabilitar marcha e dignidade do autocuidado após fratura de fêmur. Conclusão: o modelo teórico emerso sinaliza a dignidade humana do autocuidado como preceito moral do idoso e ordenador no resgate da autoconfiança, perante as ameaças à reabilitação da marcha, apoiado em seus recursos psicossociais (família, religiosidade e reminiscência).(AU)


Objectives: to understand the experience of the elderly in reestablishing gait after surgery for a femur fracture due to a fall and to develop a theoretical model that represents it. Method: qualitative research in the Grounded Theory approach, with theoretical saturation, through the analysis of the transcription of the ninth audio-recorded non-directive interview, with elderly people who lived through the experience. CAAE 021.0.063.000-10. Results: three sub-processes emerged: feeling challenged to recover the dignity of developing self-care in a situation of risk; persevering in psychosocial resources to rehabilitate threatened gait; rescuing self-confidence to wander. From the realignment of these sub-processes, the central category (process), psychosocial resources of the elderly to rehabilitate gait and dignity of self-care after femur fracture was abstracted. Conclusion: the theoretical model emerged signals the human dignity of self-care as a moral precept of the elderly and ordering the recovery of self-confidence, in the face of threats to gait rehabilitation, supported by their psychosocial resources (family, religiosity and reminiscence).(AU)


Objetivos: comprender la vivencia de los ancianos en el restablecimiento de la marcha después de cirugía de fractura de fémur por caída y elaborar un modelo teórico que la represente. Método: investigación cualitativa en el abordaje de la Teoría Fundamentada, con saturación teórica, a través del análisis de la transcripción de la novena entrevista audio-grabada no directiva con ancianos que vivieron la experiencia. CAAE 021.0.063.000-10. Resultados: emergieron tres subprocesos: sentirse desafiado a recuperar la dignidad para desarrollar el autocuidado en una situación de riesgo; perseverar en los recursos psicosociales para rehabilitar la marcha amenazada; recuperar la confianza en sí mismo para deambular. A partir de la realineación de estos subprocesos, se abstrajo la categoría central (proceso), recursos psicosociales de los ancianos para rehabilitar la marcha y la dignidad del autocuidado después de la fractura de fémur. Conclusión: o modelo teórico emerso sinaliza a dignidade humana do autocuidado como preceito moral do idoso e ordenador no resgate da autoconfiança, perante as ameaças à reabilitação da marcha, apoiado em seus recursos psicossociais (família, religiosidade e reminiscência).(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Rehabilitation , Aged , Adaptation, Psychological , Fear , Femoral Fractures
9.
Subj. procesos cogn ; 27(1): 61-74, jun. 05, 2023.
Article in English | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1437808

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased deaths worldwide, with Argentina registering an excess of mortality from all causes of 10.6%, which has generated a considerable workload in the health sector, with workers being the most affected. One of the major consequences to which they were exposed has been the development of symptoms of depression. To observe how the variables of Fear of death, Spirituality, and Religiosity influence the possibility of developing symptoms of depression in the population of health workers, a quantitative, cross-sectional, and regression approach was used in a population of 200 healthcareworkers, with Fear of death being the most relevant explanatory variable, followed by Religiosity and Spirituality respectively to understand the model AU


La pandemia de COVID-19 ha incrementado las muertes alrededor del mundo, siendo el caso de Argentina el cual registra un exceso de mortalidad por todas las causas del 10,6%, lo que ha generado una carga de trabajo considerable en el sector salud, siendo los trabajadores los más afectados. Una de las principales consecuencias a las que estuvieron expuestos ha sido el desarrollo de síntomas de depresión. Para observar cómo las variables Miedo a la muerte, Espiritualidad y Religiosidad influyen en la posibilidad de desarrollar síntomas de depresión en la población de trabajadores de la salud, se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, transversal y de regresión en una población de 200 trabajadores de la salud, siendo el Miedo a la muerte la variable explicativa más relevante, seguida de la Religiosidad y la Espiritualidad respectivamente para entender el modelo AU


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Attitude to Death , Health Personnel/psychology , Spirituality , Depression/psychology , COVID-19/psychology , Anxiety , Religion and Psychology , Stress, Psychological , Fear
10.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 17(2): 117-123, jun. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440348

ABSTRACT

Durante la pandemia por COVID-19, se incrementaron las preocupaciones, la ansiedad y el miedo, especialmente al brindar atención estomatológica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la percepción del miedo al COVID-19 en estomatólogos generales y especialistas durante la pandemia. Se diseñó un estudio observacional, analítico, unicéntrico y homodémico. Se incluyeron estomatólogos generales y especialistas de cualquier sexo de diversas disciplinas estomatológicas como ortodoncia, endodoncia, cirugía maxilofacial, etc. La muestra estuvo constituida por 72 estomatólogos, 42 de práctica general (58,3 %) y 32 especialistas (41,6 %). Los datos se recolectaron durante marzo a septiembre del 2021. Participaron 72 estomatólogos (M= 39 años, D.E. 10,82). El 69,4 % de la muestra (n =50) fueron mujeres. De acuerdo con el análisis de medias de la escala total, se encontró que los hombres se perciben ligeramente con más miedo al Covid-19 (M=3,09) que las mujeres durante su práctica estomatológica (M=2,78) sin diferencias significativas. La edad impactó en las respuestas, ya que los mayores de 40 años percibieron más miedo M= 3.23 (IC 95%: 2,65-3,81) que el grupo de 20 a 40 años M=2,73 (IC 95%: 2,37-3,09). Los especialistas, también percibieron mayor miedo al COVID-19 contrastados con los estomatólogos de práctica general (M=2,63) vs (M=3,06). Los resultados denotaron que el 36,1 % de los estomatólogos tuvieron miedo al COVID-19. La investigación anterior mostró resultados similares al estudio de Monterrosa-Castro et al. (2020) en médicos generales colombianos en el que el 37,1 % presentó síntomas de miedo al COVID-19 (FCV-19S). El contexto de pandemia, además de la incertidumbre del comportamiento del COVID-19 y la falta de vacunación masiva al momento de levantar los datos, jugaron un papel muy importante en la percepción del miedo al COVID-19. Los especialistas observaron mayor miedo al COVID-19 al igual que el grupo de mayor edad.


During the COVID-19 pandemic, worries, anxiety and fear increased, especially when providing dental care. The objective of this research was to analyze the perception of fear of COVID-19 in general dentists and specialists during the pandemic. An observational, analytical, single center and homodemic study was designed. General stomatologists and specialists of any sex from various dental disciplines such as orthodontics, endodontics, maxillofacial surgery, etc., were included. The sample consisted of 72 dentists, 42 general practice (58.3 %) and 32 specialists (41.6 %). Data was collected from March to September 2021. 72 dentists participated (M= 39 years, S.D. 10.82). 69.4 % of the sample (n = 50) were women. According to the analysis of means of the total scale, it was found that men perceive themselves to be slightly more afraid of Covid-19 (M=3.09) than women during their dental practice (M=2.78) without significant differences. Age had an impact on the responses, since those over 40 years of age perceived more fear M= 3.23 (95% CI: 2.65-3.81) than the group from 20 to 40 years M=2.73 (95% CI: 2.37- 3.09). Specialists also perceived greater fear of COVID-19 compared to general practice dentists (M=2.63) vs (M=3.06). The results denoted that 36.1 % of the dentists were afraid of COVID-19. Previous research showed similar results to the study by Monterrosa-Castro et al. (2020) in Colombian general practitioners in which 37.1 % presented symptoms of fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S). The pandemic context, in addition to the uncertainty of the behavior of COVID-19 and the lack of mass vaccination at the time of collecting the data, played a very important role in the perception of fear of COVID-19. The specialists observed greater fear of COVID-19 as well as the older group.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Dental Care , Oral Medicine , COVID-19/psychology , Perception , Surveys and Questionnaires , Fear/psychology
11.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 23(1): 49-70, maio 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1434414

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi traçar um panorama das violências vivenciadas e temidas por estudantes no contexto universitário. Buscou-se descrever as frequências dessas violências, bem como a percepção dos alunos sobre suporte psicológico da Universidade e denúncia do agressor. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de questionário online e sistematizados com o auxílio do software SPSS (versão 2.3). Utilizou-se análises descritivas de frequência, média, desvio padrão, quartis e teste-t. Em geral, as médias de vivência de violência foram baixas, com maior incidência de violência emocional de professor e de colega; mulheres disseram ter sofrido mais violência em relação aos homens. As médias do medo foram altas, especialmente para mulheres, alunos mais jovens, com menor renda salarial e que relataram já ter sofrido algum tipo de violência na universidade. A universidade se mostrou um local onde parece ocorrer menos violência do que se teme. Estratégias de ação das universidades são necessárias para uma cultura solidária entre estudantes, professores e funcionários e para a oferta de suporte psicológico aos estudantes.


This study aimed to provide an overview of the violence experienced and feared by students in the university context. We describe violence frequencies, students' perception of psychological support provided by the University, and the rate of denouncement of the aggressor. The data were obtained through an online questionnaire and systematized in the SPSS software (version 2.3). Descriptive analyzes of frequency, mean, standard deviation, quartiles, and t-test were used. Overall, the average experience of violence was low, with a higher incidence of emotional violence by teachers and colleagues; women reported suffering more violence than men. The averages of reported fear were high, especially for women, younger, and lower-income students, and those who reported having suffered some type of violence at the university. The university proved to be a place where there seems to be less violence than is feared. Action strategies from universities are necessary for a solidary culture among students, teachers, and staff and for offering psychological support to students.


El objetivo de este estudio fue esbozar un panorama de la violencia vivida y temida por los estudiantes en el contexto universitario. Se buscó describir las frecuencias de estas violencias, así como la percepción de los estudiantes sobre el apoyo psicológico de la Universidad y la denuncia del agresor. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de un cuestionario en línea y se sistematizaron con la ayuda del software SPSS (versión 2.3). Se utilizaron análisis descriptivos de frecuencia, media, desviación estándar, cuartiles y prueba t. En general, la experiencia media de violencia fue baja, con mayor incidencia de violencia emocional por parte de profesores y compañeros; las mujeres dijeron que sufrieron más violencia que los hombres. Los promedios de miedo fueron altos, especialmente para las mujeres, estudiantes más jóvenes, con menores ingresos y que reportaron haber sufrido algún tipo de violencia en la universidad. La universidad resultó ser un lugar donde parece haber menos violencia de la que se teme. Las estrategias de acción de las universidades son necesarias para una cultura solidaria en ese contexto y para ofrecer apoyo psicológico a los estudiantes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Perception , Students , Universities , Violence , Fear , Psychological Distress
12.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 23(1): 71-91, maio 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1434418

ABSTRACT

Partindo da ideia de Stephen King de que as produções de horror servem como um barômetro muito preciso que aponta aquilo que aterroriza uma sociedade, este artigo tem como objetivo propor uma reflexão acerca dos enlaces entre adolescência, cinema e horror, no momento em que a adolescência como categoria social se consolida, isto é, nos anos 1950. Para isso, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a relação entre horror, monstruosidade e cultura, assim como sobre o desenvolvimento dos gêneros cinematográficos horror e teen movies. Também realizamos sucintas análises fílmicas de algumas obras importantes na história desses gêneros cinematográficos. Observamos que, se, por um lado, com o surgimento dos teen movies, as telas do cinema passam a ser habitadas por monstros adolescentes, por outro, os discursos com pretensão de cientificidade nos falam sobre uma adolescência monstruosa. A partir disso, concluímos que talvez haja uma intrigante equivalência cultural entre adolescência e monstruosidade: tanto monstros quanto adolescentes trazem à luz algumas questões fundamentais para o ser humano, encarnam aquilo para o que não temos resposta, apontam os limites do saber.


Based upon Stephen King's idea that the horror productions act as a barometer, pointing out what terrifies some societies, this article aims to propose some thoughts about the possible links among adolescence, cinema, and horror, around the time adolescence emerges as a consolidated social category (in the 1950s). In order to achieve that, we researched the relations between horror, monstrosity, culture, and the development of the horror and teen movies cinematographic genres. We also made a brief film analysis of some important works in the history of these cinematographic genres. We notice that two events occurred in parallel: the emergence of teenage monsters in teen movies on the cinema screens and the allegedly scientific discourses about a monstrous adolescence. We have concluded that perhaps there is a cultural equivalence between adolescence and monstrosity: monsters and teenagers bring to light some fundamental questions for the human being; they incorporate things to which we do not have an answer and point out the limits of our knowledge.


Partiendo de la idea de Stephen King de que las producciones de terror sirven como un barómetro muy preciso que señala lo que aterroriza a una sociedad, este artículo pretende proponer una reflexión sobre los vínculos entre la adolescencia, el cine y el terror, en el momento en el que la adolescencia se consolida como una categoría social, es decir, en la década de 1950. Para ello, realizamos un repaso sobre la relación entre horror, monstruosidad y cultura, así como sobre el desarrollo de los géneros cinematográficos horror y teen movies. También hicimos un breve análisis fílmico de algunas películas importantes en la historia de estos géneros cinematográficos. Observamos que, por un lado, con la aparición de los teen movies, las pantallas de cine ahora están habitadas por monstruos adolescentes, por otro, los discursos con pretensión de cientificidad nos hablan de una adolescencia monstruosa. De esto, concluimos que puede haber una equivalencia cultural intrigante entre la adolescencia y la monstruosidad: tanto los monstruos como los adolescentes sacan a la luz algunas preguntas fundamentales para los seres humanos, encarnan aquello para lo que no tenemos respuesta, señalan los límites del saber.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Culture , Fear , Motion Pictures
13.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 25(2): 15294, 23/02/2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1436608

ABSTRACT

Compreende-se que o fator intolerância à incerteza é um construto que implica na dificuldade do indivíduo em lidar com contextos imprevistos. A literatura indica que a intolerância à incerteza pode apresentar impacto negativo ao bem-estar, principalmente, quando se está vivenciando um contexto inesperado, como a pandemia de COVID-19. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma sinopse sobre o que foi estudado sobre a intolerância à incerteza em estudantes do ensino superior durante o contexto de pandemia de COVID-19 por meio de uma scoping review. A coleta foi realizada nas bases de dados EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo e CINAHL com descritores em inglês. A partir da aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, realizada por dois juízes, selecionou-se um total de nove estudos. Os três tópicos principais de pesquisa dos estudos analisados foram a relação da intolerância à incerteza com (1) características envolvendo saúde mental, (2) medo, e (3) com atividades acadêmicas e aspectos de carreira. A maioria dos estudos evidenciou a falta de tolerância à incerteza como preditor para fatores prejudiciais. Além disso, verificou-se que não foram efetuadas intervenções direcionadas ao constructo nos estudos. A presente revisão destaca a habilidade de tolerar a incerteza como um componente relevante de ser avaliado em estudantes e a importância na realização de intervenções psicológicas direcionadas à intolerância à incerteza em contextos precários.


It is understood that the factor intolerance of uncertainty is a construct that implies the individual's difficulty in dealing with unforeseen contexts. The literature indicates that intolerance of uncertainty can have a negative impact on well-being, especially when experiencing an unexpected context, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In this perspective, the objective of this study was to perform a synopsis on what has been studied about intolerance of uncertainty in higher education students during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic through a scoping review. Data collection was performed in the EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo and CINAHL databases with descriptors in English. From the application of eligibility criteria, performed by two judges, a total of nine studies were selected. The three main research topics of the studies analyzed were the relationship of intolerance of uncertainty with (1) characteristics involving mental health, (2) fear, and (3) with academic activities and career aspects. Most studies showed a lack of tolerance of uncertainty as a predictor for harmful factors. In addition, it was found that no interventions aimed at the construct were carried out in the studies. The present review highlights the ability to tolerate uncertainty as a relevant component of being evaluated in students and the importance of carrying out psychological interventions aimed at intolerance of uncertainty in precarious contexts.


Se entiende que el factor intolerancia a la incertidumbre es un constructo que implica la dificultad del individuo para enfrentarse a contextos imprevistos. La literatura indica que la intolerancia a la incertidumbre puede tener un impacto negativo en el bienestar, especialmente cuando se vive un contexto inesperado, como la pandemia de COVID-19. En esta perspectiva, el objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una sinopsis de lo estudiado sobre la intolerancia a la incertidumbre en estudiantes de educación superior durante el contexto de la pandemia del COVID-19 a través de una scoping review. La recolección de datos se realizó en las bases de datos EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo y CINAHL con descriptores en inglés. De la aplicación de los criterios de elegibilidad, realizada por dos jueces, fueron seleccionados un total de nueve estudios. Los tres principales temas de investigación de los estudios analizados fueron la relación de la intolerancia a la incertidumbre con (1) características relacionadas con la salud mental, (2) el miedo y (3) con actividades académicas y aspectos profesionales. La mayoría de los estudios mostraron una falta de tolerancia a la incertidumbre como predictor de factores dañinos. Además, se constató que en los estudios no se realizaron intervenciones dirigidas al constructo. La presente revisión destaca la capacidad de tolerar la incertidumbre como componente relevante de ser evaluado en los estudiantes y la importancia de realizar intervenciones psicológicas dirigidas a la intolerancia a la incertidumbre en contextos precarios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students , Mental Health , Uncertainty , COVID-19 , Aptitude , Psychology , Universities , Career Mobility , Data Collection , Fear
14.
Invest. educ. enferm ; 41(1): 147-158, 27 feb 2023. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1426138

ABSTRACT

Objective. To determine the effect of fear and coping with death on compassion fatigue in nurses working in the intensive care unit. Methods. Correlational-predictive design, applied in 245 nurses working in the intensive care unit through intentional sampling. The study applied a personal data card, the Collet-Lester Fear of Death Scale (α=0.72), the Bugen Fell of Death Scale (α=0.82), and the Empathy Exhaustion Scale (α=0.80). Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed, such as Spearman's test and a structural equation model. Results. The work had 255 nurses who participated, finding a relationship among fear and coping toward death and compassion fatigue (p<0.01), together with the equation model showing that fear and coping toward death have a positive effect in 43.6% on compassion fatigue. Conclusion. Fear and coping with death have an effect on compassion fatigue in nurses working in the intensive care unit, so that when working in a critical area it can cause health effects


Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del miedo y afrontamiento ante la muerte sobre la fatiga por compasión en enfermeros que laboran en la unidad cuidados intensivos. Método. Diseño correlacional-predictivo. A través de un muestreo intencional se seleccionaron 255 enfermeros que laboraban en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de Adultos de hospitales de la Península de Yucatán (México). Se aplicó una cédula de datos personales, la escala de miedo a la muerte de Collet-Lester (α=0.72), la escala de Bugen de afrontamiento de la muerte (α=0.82) y la escala de agotamiento por empatía (α=0.80). Se realizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial como prueba de Spearman y un modelo de ecuación estructural. Resultados. Se encontró relación del miedo y el afrontamiento hacia la muerte con la fatiga por compasión (p<0.01). Adicionalmente, el modelo de ecuaciones muestra que el miedo y el afrontamiento hacia la muerte predice en un 43.6% sobre la fatiga por compasión. Conclusión. El miedo y el afrontamiento hacia la muerte tienen efecto sobre la fatiga por compasión en los enfermeros que laboran en la unidad de cuidados intensivos, por lo que al estar laborando en esta área crítica puede provocar afectaciones en su estado de salud.


Objetivo. Determinar o efeito do medo e enfrentamento da morte na fadiga por compaixão em enfermeiros que atuam em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Métodos. Desenho preditivo correlacional. Por meio de amostragem intencional, foram selecionados 255 enfermeiros que trabalhavam em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva de Adultos de hospitais da Península de Yucatán (México). Foi aplicada uma ficha de dados pessoais, a escala de medo da morte de Collet -Lester (α=0.72), a escala de Bugen de enfrentamento da morte (α=0.82) e a escala de exaustão por empatia (α=0.80). Foram realizadas estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais como o teste de Spearman e um modelo de equação estrutural. Resultados. Encontrou-se relação entre medo e enfrentamento da morte e fadiga por compaixão (p<0.01). Além disso, o modelo de equação mostra que o medo e o enfrentamento da morte preveem 43.6% da fadiga por compaixão. Conclusão. O medo e o enfrentamento da morte afetam a fadiga por compaixão em enfermeiros que atuam em UTI, portanto, trabalhar nessa área crítica pode afetar seu estado de saúde.


Subject(s)
Critical Care , Death , Empathy , Fatigue , Mental Fatigue , Nursing Staff , Fear
15.
Neuroscience Bulletin ; (6): 245-260, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-971567

ABSTRACT

Defensive behaviors induced by innate fear or Pavlovian fear conditioning are crucial for animals to avoid threats and ensure survival. The zona incerta (ZI) has been demonstrated to play important roles in fear learning and fear memory, as well as modulating auditory-induced innate defensive behavior. However, whether the neuronal subtypes in the ZI and specific circuits can mediate the innate fear response is largely unknown. Here, we found that somatostatin (SST)-positive neurons in the rostral ZI of mice were activated by a visual innate fear stimulus. Optogenetic inhibition of SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI resulted in reduced flight responses to an overhead looming stimulus. Optogenetic activation of SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI induced fear-like defensive behavior including increased immobility and bradycardia. In addition, we demonstrated that manipulation of the GABAergic projections from SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI to the downstream nucleus reuniens (Re) mediated fear-like defensive behavior. Retrograde trans-synaptic tracing also revealed looming stimulus-activated neurons in the superior colliculus (SC) that projected to the Re-projecting SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI (SC-ZIrSST-Re pathway). Together, our study elucidates the function of SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI and the SC-ZIrSST-Re tri-synaptic circuit in mediating the innate fear response.


Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Zona Incerta/metabolism , Neurons/metabolism , Fear/physiology , Somatostatin/metabolism
16.
Neuroscience Bulletin ; (6): 29-40, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-971535

ABSTRACT

Fear memory contextualization is critical for selecting adaptive behavior to survive. Contextual fear conditioning (CFC) is a classical model for elucidating related underlying neuronal circuits. The primary visual cortex (V1) is the primary cortical region for contextual visual inputs, but its role in CFC is poorly understood. Here, our experiments demonstrated that bilateral inactivation of V1 in mice impaired CFC retrieval, and both CFC learning and extinction increased the turnover rate of axonal boutons in V1. The frequency of neuronal Ca2+ activity decreased after CFC learning, while CFC extinction reversed the decrease and raised it to the naïve level. Contrary to control mice, the frequency of neuronal Ca2+ activity increased after CFC learning in microglia-depleted mice and was maintained after CFC extinction, indicating that microglial depletion alters CFC learning and the frequency response pattern of extinction-induced Ca2+ activity. These findings reveal a critical role of microglia in neocortical information processing in V1, and suggest potential approaches for cellular-based manipulation of acquired fear memory.


Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Primary Visual Cortex , Extinction, Psychological/physiology , Learning/physiology , Fear/physiology , Hippocampus/physiology
17.
Chinese Medical Journal ; (24): 2983-2992, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1007542

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are highly comorbid. Psilocybin exerts substantial therapeutic effects on depression by promoting neuroplasticity. Fear extinction is a key process in the mechanism of first-line exposure-based therapies for PTSD. We hypothesized that psilocybin would facilitate fear extinction by promoting hippocampal neuroplasticity.@*METHODS@#First, we assessed the effects of psilocybin on percentage of freezing time in an auditory cued fear conditioning (FC) and fear extinction paradigm in mice. Psilocybin was administered 30 min before extinction training. Fear extinction testing was performed on the first day; fear extinction retrieval and fear renewal were tested on the sixth and seventh days, respectively. Furthermore, we verified the effect of psilocybin on hippocampal neuroplasticity using Golgi staining for the dendritic complexity and spine density, Western blotting for the protein levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and immunofluorescence staining for the numbers of doublecortin (DCX)- and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells.@*RESULTS@#A single dose of psilocybin (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced the increase in the percentage of freezing time induced by FC at 24 h, 6th day and 7th day after administration. In terms of structural neuroplasticity, psilocybin rescued the decrease in hippocampal dendritic complexity and spine density induced by FC; in terms of neuroplasticity related proteins, psilocybin rescued the decrease in the protein levels of hippocampal BDNF and mTOR induced by FC; in terms of neurogenesis, psilocybin rescued the decrease in the numbers of DCX- and BrdU-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus induced by FC.@*CONCLUSIONS@#A single dose of psilocybin facilitated rapid and sustained fear extinction; this effect might be partially mediated by the promotion of hippocampal neuroplasticity. This study indicates that psilocybin may be a useful adjunct to exposure-based therapies for PTSD and other mental disorders characterized by failure of fear extinction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mice , Animals , Psilocybin/metabolism , Fear , Extinction, Psychological , Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism , Bromodeoxyuridine/pharmacology , Hippocampus/metabolism , Neuronal Plasticity , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
18.
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences ; (6): 653-661, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1009925

ABSTRACT

Fear, a negative emotion triggered by dangerous stimuli, can lead to psychiatric disorders such as phobias, anxiety disorders, and depression. Investigating the neural circuitry underlying congenital fear can offer insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of related psychiatric conditions. Research on innate fear primarily centers on the response mechanisms to various sensory signals, including olfactory, visual and auditory stimuli. Different types of fear signal inputs are regulated by distinct neural circuits. The neural circuits of the main and accessory olfactory systems receive and process olfactory stimuli, mediating defensive responses like freezing. Escape behaviors elicited by visual stimuli are primarily regulated through the superior colliculus and hypothalamic projection circuits. Auditory stimuli-induced responses, including escape, are mainly mediated through auditory cortex projection circuits. In this article, we review the research progress on neural circuits of innate fear defensive behaviors in animals. We further discuss the different sensory systems, especially the projection circuits of olfactory, visual and auditory systems, to provide references for the mechanistic study of related mental disorders.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Fear/physiology , Nerve Net
19.
Journal of Integrative Medicine ; (12): 377-384, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982692

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#Patients with gynecological cancer commonly use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods to cope with the disease. However, despite the existence of treatment strategies, the effect of fear and anxiety caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on attitudes about CAM use is unclear. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of fear and anxiety experienced by patients with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic on their attitudes towards the use of CAM.@*METHODS@#This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study that included 177 women with gynecological cancer; participants were recruited from a social networking site for cancer patients in Turkey between June and December 2021. Data were collected using an online survey that included the Personal Information Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Attitude Towards Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Scale. Descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation test, and simple linear and multiple regression analyses were performed to analyze the data.@*RESULTS@#During the pandemic, 55.4% of the participants reported using CAM methods, but only 22.6% were using CAM before the pandemic. The participants who used CAM during the pandemic also scored higher on the fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety scales (20.69 ± 5.37 and 13.09 ± 6.29, respectively) compared to the participants who did not use CAM (9.29 ± 2.72 and 6.35 ± 2.06, respectively). Fear of COVID-19 accounted for 52% of the CAM attitude score, while coronavirus anxiety accounted for 15% of the CAM attitude score. Fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety together accounted for 53% of CAM attitude.@*CONCLUSION@#Gynecological cancer patients with high levels of COVID-19-related anxiety and fear during the pandemic used CAM more. Given that the psychological effects of the pandemic will continue in the coming years, CAM use should be evaluated as a coping strategy, especially due to the COVID-19-related anxiety and fear experienced by patients with gynecological cancer. While the rational and effective CAM methods should be supported, strategies should be developed to prevent misuse of CAM and its interference in prescribed medical treatments. Please cite this article as: Uslu-Sahan F, Yesilcınar I, Kurt G, Hancer E, Guvenc G. Effects of COVID-19 fear and anxiety on attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine use in women with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(4): 377-384.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , COVID-19 , Pandemics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Anxiety/psychology , Attitude , Neoplasms , Fear , Complementary Therapies/psychology
20.
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) ; (12): 895-902, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982361

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is one of the main causes of disability in middle-aged and elderly people, and early activity plays an important role in functional recovery. This study aims to understand the factors that affect the implementation of early activity in patients with AIS and to provide reference for promoting early activity implementation and developing intervention strategies for AIS patients.@*METHODS@#Using purposive sampling, 19 AIS patients and their caregivers who visited at Stroke Center in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and the Third Hospital of Changsha from June to December 2021, as well as 19 medical staff, hospital administrators, or community workers providing medical health services to stroke patients, were selected as interviewes. A semi-structured interview was conducted based on the social ecological theory model, and the Colaizzi seven-step method was used to analyze the interview data.@*RESULTS@#According to qualitative interview results, the factors affecting early activity in AIS patients were summarized into 4 themes and 12 sub-themes: medical staff factors (insufficient knowledge and skills, insufficient knowledge of early activity, unclear division of responsibilities), patient factors (severity of the disease, lack of knowledge, psychological pressure, fear of falling), social environmental factors (lack of social support, shortage of human resources and rehabilitation equipment, insufficient medical insurance support), and evidence and norms (the evidence for early activity needs improvement, lack of standardized early activity procedures).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Early activity in AIS patients is impacted by factors at multiple levels, including medical staff, patients, social environment, and evidence and norms. Developing comprehensive intervention strategies to address these factors can promote early activity implementation in AIS patients.


Subject(s)
Aged , Middle Aged , Humans , Ischemic Stroke , Accidental Falls , Fear , Social Environment , Stroke
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