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1.
Genet. mol. res. (Online) ; 7(2): 509-517, 2008. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-640987

ABSTRACT

Reproductive failures are still common grounds for complaint by commercial swine producers. Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is associated with different clinical reproductive signs. The aim of the present study was to investigate PPV fetal infection at swine farms having ongoing reproductive performance problems. The presence of virus in fetal tissues was determined by nested-polymerase chain reaction assay directed to the conserved NS1 gene of PPV in aborted fetuses, mummies and stillborns. Fetuses show a high frequency of PPV infection (96.4%; n = 28). In 60.7% of the fetuses, PPV were detected in all tissue samples (lung, heart, thymus, kidney, and spleen). Viral infection differed among fetal tissues, with a higher frequency in the lung and heart (p < 0.05). Fetuses with up to 99 days of gestational age and from younger sows showed a higher frequency of PPV (p < 0.05). No significant difference in the presence of PPV was detected among the three clinical presentations. The results suggest that PPV remains an important pathogenic agent associated with porcine fetal death.


Subject(s)
Animals , Swine Diseases/diagnosis , Parvoviridae Infections/diagnosis , Parvovirus, Porcine/genetics , Abortion, Veterinary , DNA, Viral/genetics , Swine Diseases/virology , Fetus/virology , Parvoviridae Infections/virology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Parvovirus, Porcine/isolation & purification
2.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 49(2): 103-107, Mar.-Apr. 2007. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-449796

ABSTRACT

Parvovirus B19 infection was first discovered in 1975 and it is implicated in fetal death from hydrops fetalis the world over. Diagnosis is usually made through histological identification of the intranuclear inclusion in placenta and fetal organs. However, these cells may be scarce or uncharacteristic, making definitive diagnosis difficult. We analyzed histologically placentas and fetal organs from 34 cases of non-immune hydrops fetalis, stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) and submitted to immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of 34 tissue samples, two (5.9 percent) presented typical intranuclear inclusion in circulating normoblasts seen in Hematoxylin and Eosin stained sections, confirmed by immunohistochemistry and PCR. However, PCR of fetal organs was negative in one case in which the placenta PCR was positive. We concluded that parvovirus B19 infection frequency is similar to the literature and that immunohistochemistry was the best detection method. It is highly specific and sensitive, preserves the morphology and reveals a larger number of positive cells than does HE with the advantage of showing cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity, making it more reliable. Although PCR is more specific and sensitive in fresh or ideally fixed material it is not so in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, frequently the only one available in such cases.


O parvovírus B19 foi detectado em 1975 e desde sua descoberta tem se mostrado um agente infeccioso importante em seres humanos, cujo diagnóstico pode ser feito pelo exame histológico através do encontro de inclusão nuclear em tecidos fetais ou placentários. No entanto, estas células podem ser escassas ou não apresentarem características típicas, dificultando o diagnóstico. Analisamos placentas e órgãos fetais de 34 casos de hidropisia fetal não-imune corados com Hematoxilina e Eosina (HE) e submetidos à reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e imuno-histoquímica (IH). Em dois casos (5,9 por cento) houve positividade na placenta pelo HE, IH e PCR. No entanto, PCR dos órgãos fetais foi negativa em um destes casos enquanto que a identificação pôde ser feita por IH e histologia. Concluímos que a freqüência do parvovírus B19 é similar à literatura e a reação IH foi o melhor método de detecção, com identificação mais específica e segura, permitindo identificação citoplasmática, o que não é possível pelo exame histopatológico. A PCR pode apresentar falsa negatividade, provavelmente pela fixação, não identifica as células e é mais dispendiosa. Embora mais específica e sensível em material a fresco ou idealmente fixado isto não ocorre com tecidos fixados em formalina e embebidos em parafina, freqüentemente os únicos disponíveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Fetus/virology , Hydrops Fetalis/virology , Parvoviridae Infections/embryology , /isolation & purification , Placenta/virology , Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Coloring Agents , Eosine Yellowish-(YS) , Fetus/pathology , Hematoxylin , Hydrops Fetalis/pathology , Immunohistochemistry , Paraffin Embedding , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Parvoviridae Infections/pathology , /genetics , /immunology , Placenta/pathology
3.
Lab.-acta ; 8(1): 7-13, ene.-mar. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-181562

ABSTRACT

La frecuencia del citomegalovirus humano (CMVH) es aún más elevada que la de muchos otros destacados agentes patógenos e incluye infecciones sintomáticas y asintomáticas que se transmiten por las vías aérea, oral, genital, transplacentaria, transfusional y/o a través de transplantes de órganos. En diversos casos, los daños implicados pueden conducir a serios trastornos neurológicos o hacia la muerte, sobre todo cuando las personas afectadas padecen de inmadurez o depresión inmunitarias, tal como ocurre durante la etapa de gestación, en los recién nacidos, en los receptores de órganos provenientes de donadores seropositivos para CMVH y en quienes padecen patologías altamente debilitantes, tales como el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA). El material nucleico del CMVH contiene abundante información genética que le permite a este agente infeccioso evadir y/o reducir eficazmente el sistema inmunitario de su hospedero, a fin de garantizar su propia sobrevivencia


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Cytomegalovirus Infections/classification , Cytomegalovirus Infections/congenital , Cytomegalovirus Infections/immunology , Cytomegalovirus Infections/pathology , Cytomegalovirus Infections/transmission , Fetus/virology , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Infectious Mononucleosis/etiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology
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