Toxic effect of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid on micronuclei of kidney cells and serum protein electrophoretic pattern of the bony fish Clarias gariepinus

The present investigation deals with the study of the effect of three concentrations [2.5, 5 and 10 mg/l] of the herbicide, 2, 4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2, 4-D] on the cells with micronuclei in kidney of the bony fish Clarias gariepinus. It also deals with the study of the effect of 5 and 10 mg/l of 2, 4-D on blood serum protein fractions using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The occurrence of cells with micronuclei in kidney was increased in a doseand time-dependence. The frequency of cells with micronuclei in kidney reached a maximum level after three days of treatment with different doses of the herbicide. The protein electrophoretic pattern of the control fish showed 30 fractionated bands. The results revealed that even at low concentrations, the changes in the protein profile were dramatically noticeable. These were in the form of adding new protein bands as well as changing the intensity of certain protein bands. In conclusion, the findings reported here offer further support to the genotoxic nature of 2, 4-D

Organochlorine pollutants level in fish from Mariut lake, Alexandria, Egypt

The residues of twenty-five organochlorine pollutants as well as three aroclors were analyzed by capillary GLC in two Tillipia fish species and Cyprinus carpio collected from Mariut Lake, Alexandria, Egypt. The studied pollutants were DDT's isomers, hexachlorocyclohexane [HCHS] isomers as well as cyclodiene compounds, mirex, methoxychlor, toxaphene and hexachlorobenzene [HCH], aroclors 1248, 1254 and 1260 in addition to nine individual PCBs congeners. Lindane dominated the alphaisomer of HCHS. P,p'-DDE dominated other DDTs analogs in all fish samples with maximum concentration 25.0 ng/g in Cyprinus carpio. Toxaphene was detected in all fish samples with a maximum level of 29.0 ng/g in Cyprinus carpio. Aroclor 1248 dominated other aroclors in all fish samples. For PCBs 153, congener dominated other congeners. The lower chlorinated biphenyls congeners occurred at lower levels except PCB 200 which was not detected

Effect of brief exposure of tilapia nilotica to a lethal concentration of nitrite on hematology and survival

Groups of Tilapia nilotica were exposed to 45 mg/l NO2-N for 6 and 24 hours. Their blood were examined for total hemoglobin, methemoglobin, hematocrit, RBCs count and plasma nitrite. After 6 hours exposure there was a significant increase [P <0.005] in hematocrit and RBCs number. After 24 hours exposure there was a significant decrease [P <0.005] in hemoglobin, hematocrit and RBCs number while, there was a significant increase [P <0.005] in methemoglobin and plasma nitrite. Mortality was low [13.3%]. Although, most fish survived the high nitrite concentration, hemolytic anemia may develop due to destruction of erythrocytes by the elevated environment nitrite