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1.
Infectio ; 24(1): 35-41, ene.-mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1090541

ABSTRACT

Objective: Our objective was to quantitatively describe the research on HIV infection carried out in Colombia. Materials and methods: A bibliometric review of all studies that included people infected or affected by HIV between January 1, 1983, and August 31, 2018, was performed. Results: 587 studies were identified. Most were descriptive studies. There are a lower number of studies in the fields of prevention, education and public health. Most of the published studies were carried out in 3 departments. 72% were published in Q3, Q4 or unclassified journals. Discussion: The research performed has given priority to the description of figures and is not enough to understand and know how to treat factors like late diagnosis, the stigma and the prevention of the disease. Conclusion: There does not seem to be a national strategy to define the research needs. There is a low dissemination of the results and a low cover of the research in the country.


Objetivo: Describir cuantitativamente la investigación sobre infección por VIH realizada en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliométrica de estudios que incluyeran personas infectadas o afectadas por el VIH entre el 1 de enero de 1983 y el 31 de agosto de 2018. Resultados: Se identificaron 587 estudios. La mayoría fueron descriptivos. Hay un menor número en los campos de prevención, educación y salud pública. La mayoría se llevaron a cabo en 3 departamentos. El 72% se publicaron en Q3, Q4 o revistas no clasificadas. Discusión: La investigación realizada ha dado prioridad a la descripción de las cifras y no es suficiente para comprender y saber cómo tratar factores como el diagnóstico tardío, el estigma y la prevención de la enfermedad. Conclusión: No parece haber una estrategia nacional para definir las necesidades de investigación. Hay una baja difusión de los resultados y una baja cobertura de la investigación en el país.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HIV/growth & development , Bibliometrics , Bibliometrics , HIV/classification , Colombia , Evaluation Studies as Topic
2.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 27: [1-6], jan.-dez. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-979901

ABSTRACT

A incidência de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) chega a ser duas vezes maior em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHA) devido aos danos pró-inflamatório causado pelo vírus e efeitos tóxicos de antirretrovirais incluindo as dislipidemias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi acompanhar o risco de DCV e marcadores metabólicos em PVHA. Trata-se de estudo longitudinal realizado antes e após 12 meses de inicio de antirretrovirais. Coletou-se variáveis socioeconômicas, clínicas, antropométricas e laboratoriais, e calculou-se escores de Framingham e PROCAM. Utilizaram-se os testes de Wilcoxon, T-Student e Qui-Quadrado na comparação das variáveis. A amostra basal deste estudo foi composta por 91 PVHA. Desses, 85% eram homens com mediana de idade igual a 31 anos e 94,5% declararam não ter história pregressa de dislipidemias. Foi observado aumento nos níveis de colesterol total (p0,05). Portanto, para a definição de risco real de DCV nesta população temos que considerar a inclusão de outras variáveis como alguns biomarcadores e, ainda, a mensuração ultrassonográfica da camada íntima carotídeas. Sendo assim, o cuidado compartilhado com outras áreas da saúde como nutricionistas e educadores físicos visando estimular a mudança de estilo de vida, pode qualificar o acompanhamento de PVHA reduzindo a incidência de eventos não infecciosos. (AU)


The incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is up to twice as high in people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA) because of the proinflammatory damage caused by the virus and antiretroviral toxicities including dyslipidemias. The objective of this study was to monitor the risk of CVD and metabolic markers in PLWHA. This is a longitudinal study before and after 12 months of antiretroviral beginning. They were collected socioeconomic, clinical, anthropometric and laboratory variables, and calculated scores of Framingham and PROCAM. They used the Wilcoxon paired tests, T-Student and Chi-square partition in the comparison of variables. The baseline sample was composed of 91 PLWHA. Of these, 85% were male with median age 31 years and 94.5% did not have a history of dyslipidemia. There was an increase in total cholesterol levels (p 0.05). Therefore, to define real risk of CVD in this population we have to consider the inclusion of other variables as some biomarkers, and also ultrasound measurement of carotid intima layer. Thus, the shared care with other health areas as physical nutritionists and educators to stimulate the change of lifestyle, can qualify PLWHA monitoring reducing the incidence of non-infectious events. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cardiovascular Diseases , Risk , HIV/metabolism , Risk Management , Global Health , HIV/growth & development , Dyslipidemias
3.
Guatemala; MSPAS, Laboratorio Nacional de Salud, Programa Nacional de Prevención y Control de ITS, VIH y Sida; 2014. 66 p. graf.
Non-conventional in Spanish | LILACS, LIGCSA | ID: biblio-1224558

ABSTRACT

Ante la norma que establece que los grupos de alto riesgo de padecer VIH deben hacerse la prueba cada 6 meses, hace falta mejorar la calidad, eficacia y rapidez de las mismas. Por ello el objetivo general del documento es: "Actualizar y validar el algoritmo diagnóstico de VIH utilizando pruebas rápidas recomendadas por OPS/OMS, como herramientas para la toma de decisiones diagnósticas para el control de la infección por VIH". Mencionan el número aproximado de pacientes que participaron en las encuestas: "Durante el período de vigilancia fueron enrolados 267, 223 y 378 pacientes para las encuestas de PDR, ADR12 y ADR48, respectivamente."


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HIV/growth & development , HIV/drug effects , Public Health Surveillance , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis , HIV Infections/diagnosis , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Guatemala
4.
Guatemala; IGSS, Guatemala.; 2012. 75 p. ilus.(Guías de práctica clínica basadas en la evidencia., 41).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, IGSSMED, LIGCSA | ID: biblio-1344190

ABSTRACT

El control obstétrico de las pacientes y sus implicaciones donde se detalla el historial clínico, estudios cervicovaginal para detectar el estadio clínico de la infección por VIH. Esta guía contiene los pasos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento del SIDA en la mujer embarazada. Aunque es importante mencionar el bajo peso en pacientes infectadas, los tratamientos antirretrovirales permiten una mejoría y expectativas en pacientes infectadas por el VIH.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission , Embryonic and Fetal Development/genetics , Immune System Diseases/blood , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control , HIV/growth & development , Pregnancy, High-Risk/immunology , Blood-Borne Infections
5.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2005 Jul; 23(3): 179-81
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-53944

ABSTRACT

The resurgence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in association with HIV infection has focussed much attention in the rapid diagnosis of high risk cases. Infection with HIV is known to alter the presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis. The present study was under taken to compare the efficacy of fluorochrome stain (Fl) with conventional Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) stain in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Two hundred cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study. Sputum smears were screened for acid fast bacilli (AFB) by ZN and Fl methods and blood samples were screened for HIV. Sputum positive cases detected by Fl stain were higher in number (69%) when compared to ZN stain (50%). Of the total cases studied 15.5% were HIV seropositive. CONCLUSIONS: Fluorochrome staining was found to be more efficient (45%) when compared to ZN staining (29%) in detecting cases associated with HIV seropositivity, especially paucibacillary cases.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Fluorescent Dyes , HIV/growth & development , HIV Infections/microbiology , Humans , India , Male , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Middle Aged , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Sputum/microbiology , Staining and Labeling/methods , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis
6.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2005 Jul; 23(3): 192-4
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-53869

ABSTRACT

Opportunistic infections by Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex in HIV infected patients, though common in adults, are rarely seen in infants. We herewith report an interesting case of an eight month old infant presenting with isolated axillary lymphadenitis, later on diagnosed to be tubercular lymphadenitis by Mycobacterium avium intracellulare and finally proved to be seropositive for HIV infection born to previously undetected HIV seropositive parents.


Subject(s)
Antibiotics, Antitubercular/therapeutic use , HIV/growth & development , HIV Infections/complications , Humans , Infant , Mycobacterium avium Complex/growth & development , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/complications , Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/drug therapy
7.
Indian J Lepr ; 2003 Oct-Dec; 75(4): 355-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-55577

ABSTRACT

The course of leprosy in patients with HIV infection has been a controversial issue for a long time. It is still a matter of debate whether the HIV status of an individual has any impact on the natural history of leprosy and response to anti-leprosy treatment. We report here three HIV-positive leprosy cases (two BT and one BB) along with their CD4 counts and HIV staging with anti-leprosy therapeutic response. Both BT cases responded well to conventional WHO MDT (PB) for 6 months, whereas the BB case relapsed 3 months after completion of MDT (MB) for one year. However, he became inactive again following a further one-year course of MDT (MB).


Subject(s)
Adult , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Drug Therapy, Combination , HIV/growth & development , HIV Infections/microbiology , Humans , India , Lepromin/pharmacology , Leprostatic Agents/therapeutic use , Leprosy, Borderline/drug therapy , Leprosy, Tuberculoid/drug therapy , Male , Mycobacterium leprae/growth & development
9.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 92(4): 437-57, July-Aug. 1997. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-193145

ABSTRACT

This paper is aimed at providing a comprehensive review of markers, cofactors and staging systems used for HIV disease, focusing on some aspects that nowadays could even be considered historical, and advancing in current issues such as the prognostic value of viral load measurements, viral genotypic and phenotypic characterization, and new HIV disease treatment protocols. CD4 cell values, combined with the new viral markers mentioned are promising as a parsimonious predictor set for defining both severity and progression. An adequate predictor of patient resource use for planning purposes still needs to be defined.


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV/growth & development , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/classification , Disease Progression , Biomarkers/analysis
10.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 28(4): 204-16, oct.-dic. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-223427

ABSTRACT

Los principales problemas que enfrenta la quimioterapia antiviral actual contra el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV) y los herpesvirus son la toxicidad colateral y la rápida emergencia de resistencia a las drogas. Las etapas tempranas del ciclo de multiplicación viral, que comprenden la adsorción del virus a la célula, la entrada y el desnudamiento del genoma viral, son blancos atractivos para el diseño de antivirales que puedan usarse en terapias combinadas con las drogas actualmente en uso clínico, como los análogos de nucleósidos. Para bloquear la adsorción se han ensayado formas solubles derivadas del receptor, es decir péptidos y moléculas truncadas de CD4, solas o conjugadas con albúmina o inmunoglobulina, efectivas para tratar infecciones con HIV in vitro pero no aún in vivo. Otra alternativa son las sustancias polianónicas, polímeros que comprenden polisulfatos, polisulfonatos, policarboxilatos y polioxometalatos. Son eficientes inhibidores de HIV, herpesvirus y un amplio espectro de virus envueltos, con índices de selectividad de 1000-10000, porque interfieren la interacción iónica entre la glicoproteína viral y la superficie celular. Una ventaja adicional es la disponibilidad de los polisulfatos a partir de fuentes naturales, como las algas marinas. Algunas desventajas de las sustancias polianónicas (baja biodisponibilidad oral, actividad anticoagulante, trombocitopenia) serían superadas por el uso tópico en la profilaxis de infecciones de transmisión sexual. Otros compuestos promisorios de acción temprana son los biciclamos, que inhiben el desnudamiento de HIV con índices selectivos in vitro superiores a 100000 y aún no probados en animales y humanos


Subject(s)
Adsorption , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance/immunology , Herpesviridae Infections/drug therapy , Herpesviridae/drug effects , Herpesviridae/growth & development , HIV/drug effects , HIV/growth & development , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy
11.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 49(3): 181-4, jun. 1990. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-127929

ABSTRACT

O estudo teve como objetivo a elaboraçäo de uma rotina para a desinfecçäo do cone do tenômetro de aplanaçäo. Após a realizaçäo da tenometria em 36 pacientes, foi verificada a contaminaçäo do cone em 100// dos casos, através do cultivo em meios de ágar chocolate. O tratamento do cone pelo hipoclorito de sódio a 0,5// ou o peróxido de hidrogênio a 3// durante o tempo de 10 minutos, foi eficaz na sua desinfecçäo sem causar danos ao tenômetro ou à córnea dos pacientes


Subject(s)
Humans , Disinfection/methods , HIV/growth & development , Manometry/adverse effects , Hydrogen Peroxide/analysis , Sodium Hypochlorite/analysis
12.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 44(3): 115-20, maio-jun. 1989. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-76295

ABSTRACT

Um dos aspectos mais intrigantes da patogênese da AIDS é o da longa permanência do HIV em células humanas sem causas lhes efeito citopático durante vários anos, em alguns portadores assintomáticos, e causando destruiçäo celular, e doença, a curto prazo, em outros. Foram descritos vários agentes e os mecanismos por eles utilizados para reativar o HIV latente, "in vitro" e "in vivo" (culturas de tecidos), assim como a observaçäo epidemiológica da frequente presença de tais agentes no individuo com AIDS doença, reforçando a hipótese de atuarem os mesmos como reativadores do provírus latente. Foram feitas, nesse contexto, consideraçöes especiais para os vírus da hepatite B, herpesvírus HHV-1, 2 e 6, citomegalovírus, vírus EB, retrovírus HTLV-1 e 2, arbovírus do grupo B (vírus Maguary), malária e outras doenças endêmicas que acometem milhöes de brasileiros. Reconhecendo-se a importância da atuaçäo de tais fatores sobre os gens reguladores da expressäo viral na prevençäo indireta da eclosäo da AIDS-doença


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV/growth & development , Virus Activation , Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology , Viral Vaccines , Genes, Regulator/physiology , HIV/genetics
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