Intervention effects of bone conduction hearing aids in patients with single-sided deafness and asymmetric hearing loss / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

The incidence of single-sided deafness（SSD） is increasing year by year. Due to the hearing defects of one ear, the ability of sound localization, speech recognition in noise, and quality of life of patients with single-sided deafness will be affected to varying degrees. This article reviews the intervention effects of different types of bone conduction hearing aids in patients with single-sided deafness and asymmetric hearing loss, and the differences of intervention effects between bone conduction hearing aids, contralateral routing of signal（CROS） aids, and cochlea implant（CI）, to provide a reference for the auditory intervention and clinical treatment of single-sided deafness and asymmetric hearing loss.

Hipoacusia sensorioneural unilateral: Revisión de los manejos posibles en nuestra realidad nacional / Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss: Review of possible management in our national reality

La hipoacusia unilateral (HUL) definida como la pérdida auditiva de cualquier grado en un solo oído tiene prevalencias en edad escolar de 3% a 6%. La etiología es desconocida en la mayoría de los casos, pero destacan las anormalidades anatómicas severas a diferencia de las hipoacusias bilaterales, lo que le otorga importancia al estudio de imágenes. También se recomienda realizar evaluación oftalmológica. El impacto de la HUL se observa en la localización sonora, reconocimiento del habla, desarrollo del lenguaje, desempeño social y conducta, pero por sobre todo en el rendimiento académico. En este sentido es relevante mencionar que además de existir mayor probabilidad de repitencia de curso, es necesario mayor apoyo educacional individualizado para evitar dicha repitencia o lograr mismo éxito académico que un normoyente. En relación al diagnóstico aún faltan normas o protocolos, siendo éste un desafío en las zonas donde no hay screening universal. Se discute la importancia de las encuestas para realizar evaluaciones y seguimiento en estos casos. Finalmente se abordan las estrategias de intervención disponibles, además de un plan individualizado considerando al niño, su familia y sus expectativas, particularmente se discuten las características o factores a tomar en cuenta en el momento de la adaptación, para así lograr un tratamiento tendiente al éxito.

Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) defined as hearing loss of any degree in only one ear has a school-age prevalence of 3% to 6%. The etiology is unknown in most cases, but severe anatomical abnormalities stand out as opposed to bilateral hearing loss, which gives importance to the study of images. Ophthalmological evaluation is also recommended. The impact of UHL is observed in sound localization, speech recognition, language development, social performance and behavior, but above all in academic performance. In this sense, it is relevant to mention that in addition to having a higher probability of repeating the course, it is necessary to have more individualized educational support to avoid this repetition or achieve the same academic success as a normal listener. Regarding the diagnosis, there are still missing norms or protocols, this being a challenge in areas where there is no universal screening. The importance of surveys to carry out evaluations and follow-up in these cases is discussed. Finally, the available intervention strategies are discussed, in addition to an individualized plan considering the child, his family and his expectations, particularly, the factors to be taken into account at the time of adaptation, in order to achieve a success treatment.

Treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado como opção de intervenção em transtorno do processamento auditivo central em perda auditiva unilateral severa/profunda / Acoustically controlled auditory training as an intervention option in central auditory processing disorder in severe/profound unilateral hearing loss

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a efetividade do treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado em pessoas com distúrbio do processamento auditivo central e perda auditiva unilateral de grau severo a profundo. Métodos Participaram do estudo 16 indivíduos, de 13 a 21 anos de idade, diagnosticados com perda auditiva unilateral de grau severo a profundo e transtorno do processamento auditivo central, divididos em dois grupos, com oito indivíduos cada, pareados por idade, sexo e escolaridade: grupo estudo, submetido ao programa de treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado, em oito sessões, realizadas uma vez por semana; grupo comparação, que não foi submetido a nenhum tipo de intervenção. Ao final de oito semanas, os grupos foram reavaliados quanto ao potencial evocado auditivo de longa latência (P300) e quanto às habilidades auditivas alteradas, observadas nos testes Localização Sonora, Identificação de Sentenças Sintéticas, Fala no Ruído e Randon Gap Detection Test. Resultados Não houve influências do lado da perda auditiva na avaliação inicial, para nenhum dos grupos. Na avaliação final, verificou-se, somente no grupo estudo, aprimoramento de todas as habilidades auditivas, diminuição da latência e aumento da amplitude no P300. Indivíduos com perda auditiva à direita apresentaram maior aumento da amplitude do P300. Não foram observadas modificações no grupo comparação. Conclusão O treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado foi eficaz, pois possibilitou o aprimoramento das habilidades auditivas e a modificação na atividade neurobiológica quanto à velocidade de processamento auditivo. Sugere-se essa opção de intervenção em pessoas com transtorno do processamento auditivo central e perda auditiva unilateral.

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the effectiveness of the auditory training acoustically controlled in people with central auditory processing disorders and unilateral hearing loss from severe to profound. Methods 16 individuals between the age of 13 to 21 diagnosed with unilateral hearing loss from severe to profound and central auditory process disorder has participated in this study, individuals were divided into two groups, consisting of eight individuals each, paired by age, sex and education. Eight of them - Experimental Group - underwent an individual Acoustically Controlled Auditory Training program consisting of eight sessions accomplished once a week. The remaining individuals - Control Group - there were no intervention. At the end of eight weeks, both groups were reassessed for Long Latency Auditory Evoked Potential (P300), and altered hearing abilities on the Sound Localization test, Synthetic Sentence Identification, Speech in Noise and Random Gap Detection Test. Results There were no influences of the hearing loss side in the initial assessment for any of the groups. In the final assessment there was an improvement in all abilities, decreased latency and increased amplitude in P300 only Experimental Group. Individuals with hearing loss on the right showed a greater increase in P300 amplitude. There were no changes in the Control Group. Conclusion The acoustically controlled auditory training was effective because it allowed an improvement of the auditory abilities and a modification in the neurobiological activity in relation to the auditory processing speed. This option it is suggested for intervention in people with a central auditory processing disorder and hearing loss.