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1.
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences ; (6): 548-555, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-879911

ABSTRACT

The electronic stethoscope combined with artificial intelligence (AI) technology has realized the digital acquisition of heart sounds and intelligent identification of congenital heart disease, which provides objective basis for heart sound auscultation and improves the accuracy of congenital heart disease diagnosis. At the present stage, the AI based cardiac auscultation technique mainly focuses on the research of AI algorithms, and the researchers have designed and summarized a variety of effective algorithms based on the characteristics of cardiac audio data, among which the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) is the most effective one, and widely used in the cardiac auscultation. However, the current cardiac sound analysis techniques are based on specific data sets, and have not been validated in clinic, so the performance of algorithms need to be further verified. The lack of heart sound data, especially the high-quality, standardized, publicly available heart sound database with disease labeling, further restricts the development of heart sound diagnostic analysis and its application in screening. Therefore, expert consensus is necessary in establishing an authoritative heart sound database and standardizing the heart sound auscultation screening process for congenital heart disease. This paper provides an overview of the research and application status of auscultation algorithm and hardware equipment based on AI in auscultation screening of congenital heart disease, and puts forward the problems to be solved in clinical application of AI auscultation screening technology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Artificial Intelligence , Heart Auscultation/trends , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Mass Screening/methods
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 10(3)maio-jun. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-621491

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O prolapso da valva mitral possui inúmeras etiologias, é a valvopatia mais frequentee é a causa isolada de insuficiência mitral mais comum. Possui uma clínica muito diversificada e ultimamente tem-se buscado critérios diagnósticos mais rígidos para padronizar a sua identificação.Este estudo teve como objetivo oferecer as bases da ausculta cardíaca, determinar sua importância e aprofundar nos critérios diagnósticos, na clínica e prognóstico do prolapso da valva mitral. CONTEÚDO: A invenção do estetoscópio por René Hyacinthe Laënec em 1816 mudou o cenário da medicina. Para uma boa prática médica é necessário se ter um bom conhecimento das bases da ausculta cardíaca, que se baseia na utilização correta do estetoscópio, sistematização do exame físico cardíaco e na correta caracterização dos sons auscultados. São frequentes as novas tecnologias que auxiliam no diagnóstico das valvopatias, porém os exames complementares possuem suas limitações. A ausculta cardíaca está perdendo espaço diante dos novos equipamentos,encarecendo a prática médica. CONCLUSÃO: Mesmo com as novas tecnologias, além da correta utilização dos exames complementares, é de extrema importância a realização da anamnese e exame físico para o diagnóstico do prolapso da valva mitral, se fazendo necessário o uso dos critérios diagnósticos vigentes.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The mitral valve prolapsed have numerous etiologies and it is the most common valvular disease and the most common isolated cause of mitral insufficiency. Besides having a very diverse clinical, more stringent diagnostic criteria have been sought in order to reduce overdiagnosis that they had prior to these criteria. This aims to give the basics of cardiac auscultation, and deepen their importance in diagnostic criteria, the clinical course and prognosis of mitral valve prolapse. CONTENTS: The invention of the stethoscope by René Laënec Hyacinthe in 1816 changed completely the medicine scenario. For a good medical practice it is necessary to have a good knowledge of the bases of cardiac auscultation, which is focused on the correct use of the stethoscope, systematic physical examination and on the correct characterization of auscultation of heart sounds. Increasingly there are technologies that help the physicianin the diagnosis of valvular heart disease, and even studies showing that all these tests have their limitations, the cardiac auscultation has been put aside in exchange for these new technologies, making the medical practice more and more expensive. CONCLUSION: Even with new technologies, besides the correct use of supplementary tests, it is extremely important the anamnesis and physical examination for the diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse, if necessary making use of current diagnostic criteria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Heart Auscultation/instrumentation , Heart Auscultation/trends , Mitral Valve Prolapse/diagnosis
4.
Rev. bras. eng. biomed ; 24(3): 193-200, dez. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-548020

ABSTRACT

A hipertensão arterial provoca adaptações estruturais nas artérias, principalmente pelos processos de hipertrofia e remodelagem, as quais antecedem lesões de órgãos-alvo. A determinação de variáveis mecânicas e geométricas associadas ao sistema arterial possibilita ao clínico identificar precocemente as adaptações que decorrem da hipertensão arterial sistêmica no paciente, permitindo a intervenção terapêutica mais adequada. Este trabalho apresenta a avaliação de um modelo eletro-hidráulico e seu método associado para a determinaçãodos parâmetros geométricos do segmento arterial do antebraço. O método proposto requer somente a aquisição não-invasiva de ondas de pulso em dois sítios distintos. Séries de ondas de pulso da artéria radial foram simuladas a partir de ondas de pulso reais da artéria braquial, empregandoum modelo de parâmetros distribuídos simplificado das artérias do antebraço. O modelo é composto por três seções,representando os segmentos arteriais braquial, radial e a mão. As artérias braquial e radial foram representadas por componentes resistivos (atrito local), indutivos (massa do sangue) e capacitivos (complacência arterial), enquanto a mão foi representada por elementos resistivos (resistências de pequenos vasos da mão e periféricos) e capacitivos (complacência de pequenos vasos). Os resultados mostram um erro médio de estimação que pode ser considerado pequeno (3,7%) quando comparado aos valores de adaptação arterial in vivo (alterações de até 15%), indicando a utilização deste procedimento para estimar o processo de remodelagem das artérias de médio calibre observado na hipertensão arterial sistêmica.


Arterial hypertension leads to structural adaptation of arteries, mainly hypertrophy or remodeling, which precedes target-organ injuries. Determination of both mechanical and geometrical variables related to arterial system allows physicians to identify early arterial adaptation derived from systemic hypertension and to propose therapeutics. This work presents the evaluation of an electric-hydraulic model, and associated method, for determination of geometrical and mechanical parameters of forearm arteries. The proposed method requires only noninvasive acquisition of two pressure pulses at distinct sites. Series of pressure pulses from radial artery were simulated using acquired brachial artery pulses and a simplified distributed-model of the forearm arteries. The model presents three sections, representing brachial, radial, and hand vasculature. Brachial and radial arteries were represented with resistive (friction), inductive (blood mass), and capacitive (arterial compliance) elements. The hand was modeled with resistive (small vessels and capillaries) and capacitive elements (small vessels compliance). The results show that an average estimation error of 3.7% is small compared to “in vivo” findings (changes up to 15%), indicatingthat the procedure can be used to assess the remodeling of medium-sized arteries on primary systemic arterial hypertension.


Subject(s)
Blood Pressure Determination/instrumentation , Blood Pressure Determination/methods , Blood Pressure Monitors/trends , Heart Auscultation/instrumentation , Heart Auscultation/methods , Heart Auscultation/trends , Brachial Artery , Pulse/instrumentation , Radial Artery , Biomedical Technology/instrumentation
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