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1.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 28(1): 3-21, ene.-mar. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-628574

ABSTRACT

Las urgencias que pueden surgir durante la evolución de las enfermedades hematológicas son diversas, tanto por el comportamiento de la enfermedad de base como por el momento en que se presentan. Pueden ser la primera manifestación de la enfermedad o aparecer en el curso de su evolución, y sus secuelas pueden ser menores si se diagnostican y tratan adecuadamente. Se hace una revisión de algunas de las alteraciones metabólicas y leucocitarias más frecuentes que se pueden presentar en el paciente oncohematológico


Emergencies which may appear during the evolution of hemopathies are diverse due to their basic behavior as well as according to the moment the disease comes into view. They may be the first sign of the disease or could appear during the course of its evolution. Consequences might be milder if diagnosed and treated properly. A revision of some of the most frequent metabolic and leukocyte alterations that could arise in the patient with an oncohematological disease is shown


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hematologic Diseases/complications , Hematologic Diseases/physiopathology , Hematologic Diseases/prevention & control , Hematologic Diseases/therapy , Hematology/ethics , Emergencies/epidemiology , Emergencies/history
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615334

ABSTRACT

En los últimos años se ha producido un extraordinario avance en el conocimiento de los complejos mecanismos del proceso hemostático y de los aspectos genéticos, fisiopatológicos, clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos de las enfermedades hemorrágicas y trombóticas. El Departamento de Hemostasia del Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología ha logrado en este último decenio, resultados satisfactorios en la investigación, la asistencia y la docencia. Se han introducido nuevas técnicas para el diagnóstico de enfermedades hemorrágicas y trombóticas, se han ejecutado diferentes proyectos de investigación sobre diferentes temáticas: hemofilia, púrpura trombocitopénica inmune, valoración de aspectos psicosociales, introducción de nuevas terapéutica, entre otras. Se ha impartido docencia en cursos nacionales e internacionales, se ha contribuido a la formación de especialistas en hematología y de otras especialidades, así como de técnicos de laboratorio clínico. Nuestro grupo de trabajo ha brindado asistencia médica continuada a pacientes con tendencia hemorrágica y trombótica y ha participado activamente en la presentación y publicación de trabajos científicos en eventos y revistas nacionales y extranjeras. El desarrollo del Programa de Atención Integral al Hemofílico ha constituido uno de los aspectos relevantes de la actividad del departamento en esta etapa


In past years has been an extraordinary advance in the knowledge of the complex mechanisms of hemostatic process and of the genetic, pathophysiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of hemorrhagic and thrombotic diseases. The Department of Hemostasis of the Institute of Hematology and Immunology has achieved in this past ten years satisfactory results in the research, assistance and teaching. New techniques have been introduced for the diagnosis of hemorrhagic and thrombotic diseases applying different research projects on different subject matters: hemophilia, purpura, immune thrombocytopenia, assessment of psychosocial features, and introduction of new therapies, among others. Teaching has been given in national and international courses, contribution to training of specialists in hematology and of other different specialties, as well as of clinic laboratory technicians. Our working group has supplied continued medical assistance to patients with hemorrhagic and thrombotic trend and has been involved in an active way in the presentation and publication of scientific papers in events and national and foreign journals. The development of the Integral Care Program for hemophilic patients has been one of the relevant features of the activity of the department during this stage


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hematologic Diseases/diagnosis , Hematologic Diseases/prevention & control , Hemostasis/physiology , Patient Care/methods , Hemophilia A/prevention & control
3.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-552731

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) alogênico é um procedimento que oferece um potencial de cura para doenças hematológicas malignas e benignas. O benefício da técnica está especialmente relacionado ao aumento da sobrevida em pacientes com doadores HLA-compatíveis em cujos casos o tratamento quimioterápico mostrou-se insuficiente ou ineficaz. Objetivos: Analisar a sobrevida de pacientes que receberam TCTH alogênico aparentado no Serviço de Hematologia Clínica e Transplante de Medula Óssea (SHCTMO) do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectiva com análise de sobrevida de pacientes transplantados entre 1994 e 2003. Resultados: Foram analisados 133 pacientes com idade média de 30,8±14,8 anos com um tempo médio de 26,8 meses entre o diagnóstico e o TCTH. Cinco anos após o transplante, 71 pacientes (53,4%) estavam vivos, 22 pacientes tinham leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA), 54, leucemia mieloide crônica (LMC), e seis padeciam de síndrome mielodisplásica (SMD), sendo que, em 5 anos, a sobrevida foi de 52, 50 e 33%, respectivamente. Dos 26 pacientes transplantados por anemia aplásica (AA), 66,7% tinham idade inferior a 20 anos, e 61,5% dos que tinham mais de 20 anos estavam vivos. Conclusão: Embora, no nosso estudo, o tempo médio entre o diagnóstico e o transplante tenha sido superior a 2 anos, e embora nossa análise tenha sido apenas estratificada pelo tipo da doença, independentemente do regime de condicionamento ou da fase da doença no momento do TCTH, nossos resultados são superponíveis aos descritos na literatura mundial.


Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a curative alternative for malignant and benign hematological diseases. The benefits of the technique are especially related to an increase in the survival of patients with HLA-compatible hematopoietic stem cell donors when chemotherapy or clinical therapy has resulted ineffective. Objectives: To analyze the survival of patients submitted to allogeneic HSCT at the Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Service of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Methods: A prospective cohort of all patients submitted to transplantation between 1994 and 2003 was analyzed for overall survival. Results: A total of 133 patients were submitted to transplantation in the study period, with a mean age of 30.8±14.8 years; mean time elapsed between diagnosis and transplant was 26.8 months. Five years after the procedure, 71 patients (53.4%) were alive, 22 patients had acute and 54 had chronic myeloid leukemia, and six patients presented myelodysplastic syndrome; the 5 year overall survival was 52, 50, and 33%, respectively. Of the 26 patients transplanted for aplastic anemia, 66.7% had 20 or less years of age, and 61.5% of the patients older than 20 years were alive. Conclusion: Although the mean time elapsed between diagnosis and transplantation was over 2 years and although our results were stratified by type of disease only, the findings herein reported are similar to those found in the literature, independently of conditioning regimen or disease stage at the time of transplant.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Survival Rate/trends , Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Bone Marrow Transplantation/methods , Bone Marrow Transplantation/mortality , Bone Marrow Transplantation/pathology , Bone Marrow Transplantation/psychology , Hematologic Diseases/diagnosis , Hematologic Diseases/epidemiology , Hematologic Diseases/mortality , Hematologic Diseases/prevention & control , Hematologic Diseases/psychology , Hematologic Diseases/therapy , Stem Cell Transplantation
4.
Rev. argent. transfus ; 28(3/4): 175-179, jul.-dic. 2002.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-361182

ABSTRACT

Nuestro programa de control y seguimiento de la mujer embarazada se basó en el diagnóstico previo realizado desde el SMT. Los objetivos fueron: disminuir el índice transfusional, uso adecuado de hemocomponentes, EIH de la embarazada, control de anemias, aumentar las interconsultas con nuestro Servicio, cubrir la mayor parte de los ingresos a cesárea o parto con EIH mínimo, que brindará una mayor seguridad transfusional. Desde enero de 1999 a diciembre de 2001 ingresaron a la institución 9.065 pacientes ginecoobstétricas, de las cuales 2.722 (31,80 por ciento) fueron estudiadas por el SMT antes de ingresar a parto o cesárea. Se les realizó HC, EIH (grupo, factor Rh, detección e identificación de anticuerpos irregulares, compatibilidad). Se detectaron: 16,33 por ciento de pacientes con antecedentes de riesgo de sensibilización; de éstas, el 4,99 por ciento presentaba uno o más anticuerpos de importancia clínica; discrepancias ABO 3,93 por ciento y Rh 1,47 por ciento. El porcentaje de interconsultas con el SMT fue del 3,40 por ciento durante el embarazo para EIH, control y tratamiento de anemias. Al implementar formularios de solicitud de transfusión encontramos que el 52,15 por ciento de las solicitudes de transfusiones (no generadas como interconsulta con el SMT) eran con carácter de urgencia o emergencia. Del 100 por ciento de las transfusiones realizadas, el 62,64 por ciento fue por interconsulta con el SMT; esto, junto con la presencia permanente del Servicio, permitió lograr un uso adecuado de hemocomponentes en el 100 por ciento de los casos. El porcentaje de pacientes transfundidas disminuyó del 8,56 por ciento al 6,17 por ciento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Hematologic Diseases/prevention & control , Follow-Up Studies , Health Programs and Plans , Health Services , Anemia , Immunization
5.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; 89(10/12): 184-188, Oct.-Dec. 1997.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-411426

ABSTRACT

The administration of full doses of chemotherapy according to an established schedule improves the response rate and duration of response in cancer patients. However, frequently there are delays in therapy due to dose-limiting side effects and chemotherapy could affect permanently normal tissues. This has led to the development of chemotherapy protectors and of rescue agents in the past years. We will discuss some of these new agents and their use in cancer treatment. Some of these agents include amifostine (Ethyol), dexrazoxane (Zinecard), mesna (Mesnex), leucovorin, G-CSF, GM CSF, recombinant erythropoietin and thrombopoietin. Oncologists must learn the adequate use of different strategies in reducing chemotherapy toxicity in order to improve both the quality and quantity of life of cancer patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Amifostine/therapeutic use , Hematologic Diseases/chemically induced , Hematologic Diseases/prevention & control , Gastrointestinal Diseases/chemically induced , Gastrointestinal Diseases/prevention & control , Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors/therapeutic use , Leucovorin/therapeutic use , Mesna/therapeutic use , Kidney Diseases/chemically induced , Kidney Diseases/prevention & control , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Razoxane
6.
Tunisie Medicale [La]. 1996; 74 (1): 33-8
in French | IMEMR | ID: emr-43521

ABSTRACT

The hight frequences of the hemoglobinopathy noticed in Nefza, leaded us to elaborate a network of prevention and treatment. The execution of this network has allowed us to bring clinical aspects variety of this disease


Subject(s)
Hematologic Diseases/prevention & control , Preventive Medicine
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