ABSTRACT
Cowpea mild mottle virus (CpMMV) is one of the problems that can decrease soybean production. The research was conducted on the combined effects of corn in the barrier crop with plant extracts against CpMMV infecting soybean in the field. The field data was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design. The mean of disease incidence and disease severity is measured from total plants in each replicate plot on each treatment. Planting one or two of corn lines were grown at the edge four weeks before planting soybeans. Cashew nut shell (CNS), pagoda leaf, and rhizome of ginger extracts were applied using the sprayer and applied at 24 h before virus acquisition and transmission by whiteflies. The result showed that the virus incubation period ranged from 9−38 days after transmission longer than the untreated control. Planting two corn lines at the edge with CNS extract as bioactivator on soybean was the most extended incubation period of the virus and the lowest absorbance value DAS-ELISA of 0.20. There was a 73.11 % increase in the relative inhibition level of the virus. Planting corn at the edge with CNS extract proved to be more effective than soybean monoculture with CNS extract. However, soybean monoculture with CNS extract provides a better relative inhibition level of the virus (64.32 %) than planting two rows of corn on the edge combined with ginger of rhizome extract and planting two rows of corn on the edge with pagoda leaf extract as bioactivator on a soybean plant.
Subject(s)
Glycine max , Flexiviridae/pathogenicity , Phytochemicals , Hemiptera/pathogenicityABSTRACT
A new species of Rhodnius is described and illustrated from a male specimen from northeastern Brazil. The specimen was found died and dried. This species can be distinguished from its similar congener R. paraensis Sherlock, Guitton & Miles by the greater size, the general aspect of the color of the body, by the uniform color of the legs, different proportions between the morphological structures of the head and the segments of the rostrum; also, in the male genitalia by the aspect of median process of pygophore, dorsal phallotheca plate and phallotheca process.
Uma nova espécie de Rhodnius é descrita e ilustrada baseada em um exemplar macho do nordeste brasileiro. O espécime foi encontrado morto e ressecado. Esta espécie pode ser separada da espécie afim, R. paraensis Sherlock, Guitton & Miles, pelo seu maior tamanho, pelo aspecto geral de coloração do corpo, pela cor uniforme das pernas, pelas diferentes proporções entre as estruturas morfológicas da cabeça e dos segmentos do rostro; ainda, na genitália masculina, pelo aspecto do processo mediano do pigóforo, do falosoma e de seu processo.
Subject(s)
Hemiptera/anatomy & histology , Hemiptera/pathogenicity , Rhodnius/anatomy & histology , Rhodnius/classification , Rhodnius/pathogenicity , Triatominae/anatomy & histology , Triatominae/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranzts) plants fed upon by whitefly Bemisia tabaci showed increased levels of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, such as beta-1, 3-glucanase, peroxidase and chitinase activities, as compared to uninfested plants. The enzymes increased in specific activities from 2 to 7 fold and protein content in leaf extracts decreased in whitefly-infested plants, compared to uninfested plants. Among the three PR proteins, B. tabaci feeding induced significantly higher beta-1, 3-glucanase activities, when compared with other two PR proteins. Study also discussed the possible application of PR proteins in whitefly control program.
Subject(s)
Animals , Chitinases/biosynthesis , Geminiviridae/pathogenicity , Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase/biosynthesis , Hemiptera/pathogenicity , Manihot/metabolism , Peroxidase/biosynthesis , Plant Diseases/parasitology , Plant Proteins/biosynthesisABSTRACT
Gran cantidad de especies de artrópodos pueden afectar al hombre, siendo atraídos hacia el huésped por el calor corporal, la sudoración, el dióxido de carbono del aire exhalado, el olor corporal, la microflora cutánea, la sobreinfección bacteriana y ciertos colores en la vestimenta. Estos, entre otros factores, contribuyen a una mayor susceptibilidad a mordeduras y picaduras y son motivo frecuente de consulta en la práctica médica. En esta revisión se profundizará en las manifestaciones cutáneas del huésped frente a la agresión de algunos artrópodos, considerando un rango de manifestaciones clínicas frecuentes, desde las que no ofrecen dificultades diagnósticas (e. g. urticaria papular, prurigo, pediculosis), aquellas más raras (e.g. causados por insectos foráneos, viajes, tungiasis) y a cuadros severos que pueden comprometer la vida del paciente (e.g. loxoscelismo, shock anafiláctico
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Hypersensitivity , Insect Bites and Stings , Skin Diseases , Anaphylaxis , Ants , Bees , Coleoptera/pathogenicity , Diptera/pathogenicity , Hemiptera/pathogenicity , Hypersensitivity , Insect Bites and Stings , Lepidoptera/pathogenicity , Scabies , Scorpions , Siphonaptera , Skin Diseases , Spider Bites , WaspsABSTRACT
Se realiza un estudio en condiciones de laboratorio para valorar la capacidad depredadora de la especie Bolostoma boscii (Lepeletier y Servílle, 1825), perteneciente al orden hemíptera. Para ello se utilizan los distintos estados ninfales de desarrollo de la misma, y se emplean larvas de mosquitos de la especie Culex quinqueafasciatus (Say, 1832). También se realizan algunas observaciones en relación con la biología de este organismo depredador, y se miden paralelamente los valores de temperatura y humedad relativa