effect of different neurotransmitters on-some hormonal profile of immature female rats

The first objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the relative contributions of the ovarian steroid in the feed back limb of the ovarian pituitary axis. The second was to test the ability of morphine or L. dopa or both in modulating PRL, PROG, FSH and LH levels noticed in female rats previously treated with estrogen during prepubertal period. Forty immature female rats were divided into five equal groups and exposed to different treatments: 1] Rats were injected i.m. with 0.2 ml olive oil and served as a control group; 2] Rats were injected with 5 mug estrogen in 0.2 ml olive oil/day; 3] Rats were injected i.m. with 5 mug estrogen in 0.2 ml olive oil/day/rat + morphine sulfate at a dose pf 10 mg/kg b. wt.; 4] Rats were injected i.m. with both 5 mug estrogen in 0.2 ml olive oil/day/rat + L. dopa at a dose of 30 mg/rat/day; 5] Rats were injected i.m. with 5 mug estrogen in 0.2 ml olive oil/day/rat + morphine sulfate at a dose of 10 mg/kg b. wt. + L. dopa at a dose of 30 mg/rat/day. Animals were inspected daily for vaginal opening and estrous manifestation. Blood samples were collected at the end of experimental period and estimated by radioimmunoassay kits for PRL, LH, FSH and PROG. The data obtained revealed that sexual precocity elicited either with estrogen or estrogen +/- L. dopa treatment of the neurotransmitter in hypothalamic sensitivity to estrogen in induction of puberty may be considered

Biochemical effects of some synthetic food and drug colorants on liver function, some hormones and haematological parameters in male and female mice

The effect of feeding synthetic food and drug colorants belonging to four different chemical classes, i.e. brilliant black [Bk], brilliant blue [Bl], erythrosine [Er], and indigo carmine [In] were studied. Groups of male and female mice [10/sex/group] were fed ad libitum diets mixed with the synthetic food colorants 250 mg/kg diet for 7 months. The activities of GOT, GPT, and alkaline phosphatase of liver and heart tissues were inhibited in male and female mice relative to control, and males were more affected than females. The serum levels of T3 [triodothyronine] and T4 [thyroxine] were reduced, while erythrosine reduced also the level of testosterone relative to control. The blood hemoglobin content was increased under the effect of the 4 synthetic food colorants in the order Er > Bk > In > Bl as well as the RBCs, while WBCs count were increased relative to control in male and female mice. Pathological, histopathological changes were observed either in female or male mice organs, specially in the liver and stomach. Some changes were found in the liver tissues and cell nucleus [polynucleus], in addition, enlargement of the stomach size was evident

Effect of opoid antagonists on hormonal modulation and their relation to male reproduction

Twenty-four adult male Sprague Dawley rats were used to study the effect of acute administration of naloxone [4 mg/kg b. wt.] on FSH, LH and prolactin levels and its relation to male sexual functions on both intact [n= 12] and castrated male rats [n= 12]. In case of the intact male rats FSH and LH levels were increased significantly [P <0.01] in the treated group. However, prolactin level was decreased significantly [P <0.01]. Also, the viability and motility percentages of the epididymal sperm were decreased significantly in treated group. Minimal degenerative changes were observed in treated group. No significant changes were observed in exploratory and sexual behavior parameters in both groups. In sexually inactive rats [chronically castrated 2 weeks before experiment then treated with 2.5 mg/kg b. wt. testosterone propinate], both FSH and LH levels were increased significantly [P <0.01] in treated group. However, the prolactin level was decreased significantly [P <0.01]. The exploratory and sexual behavior parameters were not changed

Effect of ambrein, A major constituent of ambergris on some hormonal levels in normal Wistar rats

Ambrein is a major constituent of ambergris, the internal secretion of the sperm blue whale, has been studied for its ability to affect endocrine function, using growth hormone [GH], adrenocorticoropic hormone [ACTH], cortisol, thyroid stimulating [FSH], progesterone, testosterone and insulin as parameters in normal Wistar rats. Ambrein, administered daily [100 mg/kg, i.p] for 2.4 and 6 weeks elevated the levels of ACTH, cortisol, testosterone and insulin. However, no significant changes in the levels of GH, TSH, FSH, LH and progesterone were observed. The results indicate that chronic administration of ambrein could be responsible for modulating secretion of some hormones or may influence secondarily the endocrine organs responsible for their secretion. The role of ambrein in masculine sexual behaviour and glucose level is discussed

Effect of chlorpromazine and metoclopramide on the secretion of some hormones and central neurohumors in rat

After 3 weeks of daily intraperitoneal [i.p.] administration of cholorpromazine [10 mg/kg] or metoclopramide [0.15 mg/kg] to male rats, the whole brain levels of norepinephrine and dopamine significantly decreased. Serum prolactin, thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine levels significantly increased as compared to control values. Serotonin and ACTH were affected by chlorpromazine only. Brain histamine level did not change in both groups. It was concluded that drugs which after central dopaminergic mechanisms may exert significant influences on the secretion of some adenohypophyseal hormones. Serotonin may partially counteract the effect of dopamine. Brain histamine is unlikely to contribute in an important way to the major action of chlorpromazine and metoclopramide in the secretion of hormones