Ciências humanas e medicina: as contribuições da história para a formação e a prática do médico / Human science and medicine: the contribution of history to medical education and practice

Este artigo trata das possíveis contribuições da História para os profissionais e estudantes da Medicina.Incluindo-se no interior do atual debate acerca da importância do ensino das Humanidades para a formação do futuromédico, identificam-se as particulares contribuições dessa disciplina científica para aprofundar o conhecimento daMedicina como prática ao mesmo tempo técnico-científica e social. Examinando-se em especial a perspectiva do cuidadocomo produto da prática do médico, no exercício de sua profissão, define-se esta noção de cuidado e justificasea tomada dos estudos sobre as práticas de saúde para considerar as contribuições da História. Nesse sentido, mostra-se metodologicamente de que modo a História das Práticas de Saúde diferencia-se dos estudos acercada História das Ciências e também dos estudos de corte memorialista, ainda que guarde relações com ambos. Sãoexaminadas três categorias da análise histórica, a saber, as permanências, as rupturas e a circularidade, mostrando-se como se expressam relativamente à abordagem do adoecimento como experiência do paciente em interação com a construção da doença com base na nosografia médica, como experiência do médico. Tal construção interativa,facultada pelos aportes da História, permitem a configuração do encontro clínico e da relação médico-pacientenecessários à produção do cuidado...

This article deals with the contributionsof History as a scientific discipline for professionals and students of medicine. It is included inside of the currentdebate about the importance of teaching the Humanities for future doctor, inside which were identified the particular contributions of History to the knowledge of Medicine as ascientific, a technical and a social practice at the same time. By examining in particular the health care as an outcome of the medical practice in the exercise of this profession, the notion of care is defined, and based on it the approach of studies on health practices is justified for the exam the contributions of History. In this sense, it is pointed out how methodologically the history of health and medical practices differs from the history of science and also of the studies on memory, although having relations with both. Three categories of historical analysis were examined: the historicalstays, the historical breaks and the circularity, showing how to express themselves with regard to approach the illness as patient experience in interaction with the construction ofthe disease based on medical experience. Such interaction provided by the historical contributions allows creating the specific setting of the clinical encounter, and of the doctorpatient relationship, necessary to reach a good care...

Estudio co-rrelacional del área socio-humanística en algunas instituciones de educación superior en Colombia / A correlational study of the socio-humanistic area in some higher educational institutions in Colombia

El siguiente texto presenta la descripción y análisis de la información obtenida a partir de la consulta documental y a expertos en las distintas instituciones universitarias. Hace una descripción comparativa de los componentes curriculares que integran la unidad en cada una de las seccionales USB Colombia y otras instituciones tenidas en cuenta para el presente estudio.

The following text introduces a description and analysis of the information obtained from documentary and statistical consultation in the various universities. It makes a comparative description of the curricular components that make up the unit in each of the Saint Bonaventure University branches, Colombia, and other higher institutions which are taken into consideration for the current study.

Externality and materiality as themes in the history of the human sciences

This article presents and discusses some attempts to overcome the "Cartesian" dualism of "mind versus matter" and "interior versus exterior", in particular the attempts of anthropologist Tim Ingold in his book "The Perception of the Environment" (2000). Central to Ingold's argument is a shift in focus from structure to process (temporality), from design to growth, from the organism in a context to organism and environment as co-evolutionary and co-constitutive entities. Ingold builds on ecological thinking (Bateson and Gibson) and phenomenology (Merleau-Ponty and Heidegger). This article characterises Ingold's position as a neo-romantic reaction to the "linguistic turn" in the human sciences and the "genetic turn" in biology and compares his position to historical romanticism.(AU)

Le sujet et les frontières de la psychologie, xviiie-xxe siècles / The subject and psychology frontiers, eightteenth-nineteenth centuries

Trata-se do trabalho apresentado para habilitação à direção de pesquisas da École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. O autor apresenta uma síntese de suas publicações anteriores sobre a história das ciências humanas em geral e a história da psicologia em particular. Discute a emergência da psicologia, a delimitação das fronteiras que lhe dão uma identidade e consistência e, por fim, o sujeito desta disciplina.

The article is based on the text presented to acquire habilitation to direct researches in École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. It exposes a synthesis of author’s precedent papers about the history of human sciences, in general, and about the history of psychology in particular. It discussesthe emergency of psychology, the frontiers that gave its identity and consistence and, at least, how subject has been analyzed in this discipline.

Two Cultures in Medicine: Reduction or Construction? / 의사학

Medicine is not only a science but also belongs to the humanities. Being a science means that it has the objective and universally applicable methodology. Science, because of its stringent methodologies (determinism, reductionism and mechanism), cannot grasp the fruitful context of human life. Although the humanities can give us flexible wisdom of life, nobody can insist on its objective and universal applicability. We have two different cultures in medicine - those of science and the humanities. If you examine the ways how people choose health services, however, you can find that they do not have any conflict between the two cultures. They simply do not care whether the service they are going to buy is orthodox or alternative if they have high expectations of it. The two cultures already have been resolved in their lives. I suggest that we should learn from ordinary people and not from logics of science and philosophy to resolve the conflict between the two cultures. We can probably begin with the fact that the ultimate goal of medicine is to serve the people and not to find abstract truth in the material body.