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1.
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics ; (6): 1376-1379, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-879503

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To detect potential variant in a male neonate affected with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI).@*METHODS@#Clinical data of the patient was collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples from the child and his parents. The whole coding regions of the arginine vasopressin V2 receptor (AVPR2) gene were amplified by PCR and subjected to Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The patient presented recurrent fever and polyuria after birth. Multiple blood gas analyses indicated hypernatremia. Ultrasound showed bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter. The patient was partially responsive to hydrochlorothiazide. DNA analysis identified a hemizygous frameshift variant c.890-899delACCCGGAGGC in exon 2 of the AVPR2 gene in the proband. His mother was heterozygous for the same variant.@*CONCLUSION@#The c.890-899delACCCGGAGGC variant of the AVPR2 gene probably underlies the CNDI in the child. Above discovery has enriched to spectrum of CNDI associated variants.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic/genetics , Exons , Frameshift Mutation , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Pedigree , Receptors, Vasopressin/genetics
2.
West Indian med. j ; 61(3): 271-279, June 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672899

ABSTRACT

Standard drug monographs (SDMs) have been described as deficient in providing information in a manner simplified enough for patient reading. The aim of this study was to design patient information leaflets for hydrochlorothiazide, nifedipine and enalapril with content indicated by patients as relevant and to evaluate them against the SDM. Patient information leaflet (PIL) for each drug was designed to contain information on name, use of drug, how it works, how it is to be taken, common side effects, storage, missed dose action, things to avoid and when to contact the physician. Appropriateness was assessed by 10 practising pharmacists. For each drug, 40 patients were recruited, of which 20 were given SDM and 20 PIL. The knowledge of each participant was examined before and after exposure to SDM or PIL, as well as opinion on ease of reading and attractiveness using Pearson's Chi-square analysis. The results showed that both SDM and PIL improved knowledge of common side effects when compared with responses before exposure (χ² = 24.26for SDM and 27.64 for PIL, p < 0.001) with no difference between the groups. Respondents receiving PILs were better able to recall "things to avoid" after exposure to PIL (χ² =10.85, p < 0.001). After exposure to SDM or PIL, the respondents who received PIL were more aware of when to contact the physician, compared to the SDM group (χ² = 8.41, p < 0.01). When compared with SDM, respondents receiving PIL were more likely to indicate that PIL was easy to read (χ² = 20.00, p < 0.001), attractive (χ² = 12.45, p < 0.001) and they were more likely to recommend distribution of their reading material to other patients (χ² = 22.11, p < 0.001). We conclude that there is benefit in designing information leaflets that simplify language and medication information contained in SDMs, including better understanding of precautions to take while on medication and when to consult physicians.


Las monografías de medicamentos estandarizadas se han considerado deficientes a la hora de proporcionar información de manera suficientemente simple para que el paciente pueda entenderlas. El objetivo de este estudio fue disenar prospectos con información sobre la hidroclorotiazida, la nifedipina y el analapril con contenidos indicados como relevantes por los pacientes, y evaluarlos en comparación con las monografías estandarizadas de medicamentos (MEM). El prospecto de información para el paciente (PIP) fue disenado de modo que apareciera información sobre el nombre del medicamento, su uso, modo de operar, manera de tomarse, efectos secundarios comunes, almacenamiento, qué hacer en caso de perder una dosis, cosas que deben evitarse, y cuando debe contactarse el médico. Se evaluó la adecuación por parte de 10 farmacéuticos practicantes. Para cada medicamento, se reclutaron 40 pacientes, a 20 de los cuales se les dio monografías (MEM), en tanto que a 20 se les ofreció prospectos (PIP). El conocimiento de cada participante se examinó antes y después de la exposición a MEM o PIP, así como la opinión en cuanto a facilidad de lectura y grado de atracción, usando el análisis del Chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Los resultados mostraron que tanto MEM como PIP mejoraron el conocimiento sobre los efectos secundarios comunes, cuando se hacía una comparación con las respuestas antes de la exposición (χ² = 24.26para MEMy 27.64para PIP, p < 0.001) sin diferencia entre los grupos. Los encuestados que recibieron prospectos pudieron recordar mejor las "cosas a evitar" luego de la exposición a PIP (χ² =10.85, p < 0.001). Después de la exposición a MEM o PIP, los encuestados con PIP tenían mayor conciencia en cuanto a cuando contactar a un médico, en comparación con el grupo MEM (χ² = 8.41, p < 0.01). Cuando se les comparó con el grupo MEM, los encuestados que recibieron PIP mostraron por una parte mayor probabilidad de indicar que PIP era más fácil de leer (χ² = 20.00, p < 0.001) y atractivo (χ² = 12.45, p < 0.001), y por otra, una mayor tendencia a recomendar la distribución de su material de lectura a otros pacientes (χ² = 22.11, p < 0.001). Se llegó a la conclusión de que es beneficioso disenar prospectos que simplifiquen el lenguajey la información médica contenida en las monografias estándar del medicamento, incluyendo una mejor comprensión de las precauciones a tomar mientras se está bajo medicación, y sobre cuándo consultar al médico.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Drug Labeling , Enalapril/therapeutic use , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Nifedipine/therapeutic use , Pamphlets , Patient Education as Topic , Patient Preference , Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects , Calcium Channel Blockers/adverse effects , Diuretics/adverse effects
3.
Rev. salud pública ; 13(1): 27-40, feb. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-602854

ABSTRACT

Objective Evaluating differences in the suitable prescription of thiazides in hypertense patients, according to affiliation regime. Materials and methods This was an analytical cross-sectional study. The database from a previous study was used regarding two groups of hypertense patients (subsidised regime and contributory regime) who had attended out-patient consultation between 01-09-2007 and 29-02-2008. Ideal therapy was evaluated in both groups. Univariate and multivariate analysis was carried out. Results 136 patients (contributory: 41.9 percent; subsidised: 58.1 percent). Subsidised regime patients were older (mean=68.8±10) than those from the contributory regime (mean=64.1±11.1) (t-test, p=0.0110). Prescribing antihypertensive drugs was ideal in 49/136 of the patients (36.0 percent). Ideal prescription accounted for 24/79 (30 percent) of the patients in the subsidised regime and 25/57 (43.8 percent) in the contributory one (OR=1.79; 95 percent CI:0.88-3.64). Older people (aged ≥ 65yo) were at risk of receiving a non-ideal prescription (OR=2.12; 95 percentCI:1.02-4.38) whilst this was not so in the subsidised regime (OR=1.62; 95 percent CI:0.78-3.35). Conclusions Ideal prescription of antihypertensive drugs was low in the population being studied. There were differences regarding age ideal prescription but not concerning affiliation regime. It is suggested that a longitudinal study be carried out in the future.


Objetivo Evaluar las diferencias en la adecuada prescripción de tiazidas en pacientes hipertensos, según régimen de afiliación. Materiales y métodos Estudio de corte transversal analítico. Se utilizó la base de datos de un estudio previo, dos grupos de pacientes hipertensos: régimen subsidiado y régimen contributivo que asistieron a consulta externa entre el 01-09-2007 y el 29-02-2008. Se evaluó terapia ideal en los dos grupos. Se realizó análisis univariado y multivariado. Resultados Se estudiaron 136 pacientes (contributivo: 41,9 por ciento; subsidiado: 58,1 por ciento). Los pacientes del régimen subsidiado fueron mayores (promedio= 68,8±10) que los del contributivo (promedio=64,1±11.1) (t-test, p=0,0110). La prescripción de antihipertensivos fue ideal en 49/136 (36,0 por ciento). En el régimen subsidiado la prescripción fue ideal en 24/79 (30 por ciento) y en el contributivo en 25/57 (43,8 por ciento) (OR: 1,79 IC95 por ciento (0,88-3,64)). La edad ≥65años fue riesgo de prescripción no ideal (OR: 2.12, IC95 por ciento(1,02-4,38)), mientras que no lo fue estar en el régimen subsidiado (OR=1,62, IC95 por ciento(0,78-3,35). Conclusiones La prescripción ideal de antihipertensivos es baja. Hay diferencias en la edad, en la prescripción ideal, mas no por régimen de afiliación. Se sugiere un estudio longitudinal en el futuro.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Middle Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , /complications , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Inappropriate Prescribing/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , Antihypertensive Agents/economics , Colombia , Cross-Sectional Studies , /economics , Drug Utilization/economics , Financing, Government , Healthcare Disparities/economics , Hydrochlorothiazide/economics , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/economics , Inappropriate Prescribing/economics , Insurance, Health , Multivariate Analysis , National Health Programs , Socioeconomic Factors
4.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 3(4): 251-256, oct. 2010. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-610268

ABSTRACT

We report a 59 years old female with a history of nephrolithiasis and progressive worsening of her bone mineral density. High serum PTH levels were detected, with normal serum calcium. Causes of secondary hyperparathyroidism were discarded. The patient was followed during six years, period in which she maintained elevated serum PTH and normal serum calcium. During the second year of follow up, hydrochlorothiazide was indicated. Serum calcium raised progressively and after six years, it became abnormally high. The patient was subjected to a total left lobe and subtotal right lobe thyroidectomy. The surgeon found a 1.6 mm diameter left parathyroid nodule. After surgery the patient is asymptomatic and is receiving levothyroxine supplementation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Adenoma/blood , Calcium/blood , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary/blood , Parathyroid Neoplasms/blood , Adenoma , Adenoma/surgery , Clinical Evolution , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary/drug therapy , Parathyroid Hormone/blood , Parathyroid Neoplasms , Parathyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Radiopharmaceuticals , Thyroidectomy
5.
Clinics ; 65(9): 857-863, 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-562828

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the importance of providing guidelines to patients via active telephone calls for blood pressure control and for preventing the discontinuation of treatment among hypertensive patients. INTRODUCTION: Many reasons exist for non-adherence to medical regimens, and one of the strategies employed to improve treatment compliance is the use of active telephone calls. METHODS: Hypertensive patients (n=354) who could receive telephone calls to remind them of their medical appointments and receive instruction about hypertension were distributed into two groups: a) "uncomplicated" - hypertensive patients with no other concurrent diseases and b) "complicated" - severe hypertensive patients (mean diastolic >110 mmHg with or without medication) or patients with comorbidities. All patients, except those excluded (n=44), were open-block randomized to follow two treatment regimens ("traditional" or "current") and to receive or not receive telephone calls ("phone calls" and "no phone calls" groups, respectively). RESULTS: Significantly fewer patients in the "phone calls" group discontinued treatment compared to those in the "no phone calls" group (4 vs. 30; p<0.0094). There was no difference in the percentage of patients with controlled blood pressure in the "phone calls" group and "no phone calls" group or in the "traditional" and "current" groups. The percentage of patients with controlled blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg) was increased at the end of the treatment (74 percent), reaching 80 percent in the "uncomplicated" group and 67 percent in the "complicated" group (p<0.000001). CONCLUSION: Guidance to patients via active telephone calls is an efficient strategy for preventing the discontinuation of antihypertensive treatment.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/therapeutic use , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Atenolol/therapeutic use , Clinical Protocols , Losartan/therapeutic use , Telephone
6.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 1305-1312, 2010.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-177038

ABSTRACT

Thiazide is known to decrease urinary calcium excretion. We hypothesized that thiazide shows different hypocalciuric effects depending on the stimuli causing hypercalciuria. The hypocalciuric effect of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5), calbindin-D(28K), and several sodium transporters were assessed in hypercalciuric rats induced by high calcium diet and vitamin D3. Urine calcium excretion and the expression of transporters were measured from 4 groups of Sprague-Dawley rats; control, HCTZ, high calcium-vitamin D, and high calcium-vitamin D with HCTZ groups. HCTZ decreased urinary calcium excretion by 51.4% in the HCTZ group and only 15% in the high calcium-vitamin D with HCTZ group. TRPV5 protein abundance was not changed by HCTZ in the high calcium-vitamin D with HCTZ group compared to the high calcium-vitamin D group. Protein abundance of NHE3, SGLT1, and NKCC2 decreased in the hypercalciuric rats, and only SGLT1 protein abundance was increased by HCTZ in the hypercalciuric rats. The hypocalciuric effect of HCTZ is attenuated in high calcium and vitamin D-induced hypercalciuric rats. This attenuation seems to have resulted from the lack of HCTZ's effect on protein abundance of TRPV5 in severe hypercalciuric condition induced by high calcium and vitamin D.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Calcium/therapeutic use , Calcium Channels/genetics , Cholecalciferol/toxicity , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hypercalciuria/chemically induced , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1/genetics , Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/genetics , Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters/genetics , TRPV Cation Channels/genetics
8.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 91(3): 185-193, set. 2008. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-494314

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: As diretrizes nacionais e internacionais enfatizam a importância do tratamento eficaz da hipertensão arterial. Apesar disso, verificam-se baixos índices de controle e alcance das metas preconizadas, indicando que é importante planejar e implementar melhores estratégias de tratamento. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia de um tratamento, em escalonamento de doses, tendo como base a olmesartana medoxomila. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo aberto, nacional, multicêntrico e prospectivo, de 144 pacientes com hipertensão arterial primária nos estágios 1 e 2, virgens de tratamento ou após período de washout de duas a três semanas para aqueles em tratamento ineficaz. Avaliou-se o uso da olmesartana medoxomila num algoritmo de tratamento, em quatro fases: (i) monoterapia (20 mg), (ii-iii) associada à hidroclorotiazida (20/12,5 mg e 40/25 mg) e (iv) adição de besilato de anlodipino (40/25 mg + 5 mg). RESULTADOS: Ao fim do tratamento, em escalonamento, 86 por cento dos sujeitos de pesquisa alcançaram a meta de pressão arterial (PA) < 130/85 mmHg. Ocorreram reduções na pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e na pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) de, no máximo, -44,4 mmHg e -20,0 mmHg, respectivamente. A taxa dos respondedores sistólicos (PAS > 20 mmHg) foi de 87,5 por cento e diastólicos (PAD > 10 mmHg) de 92,4 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo se baseou em um esquema de tratamento semelhante à abordagem terapêutica da prática clínica diária e mostrou que o uso da olmesartana medoxomila, em monoterapia ou em associação a hidroclorotiazida e anlodipino, foi eficaz para o alcance de meta para hipertensos dos estágios 1 e 2.


BACKGROUND: The national and international guidelines emphasize the importance of the effective treatment of essenssial hypertension. Nevertheless, low levels of control are observed, as well as low attainment of the recommended goals, indicating that it is important to plan and implement better treatment strategies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a based treatment algorithm with olmesartan medoxomil. METHODS: This is an open, national, multicentric and prospective study of 144 patients with primary arterial hypertension, stages 1 and 2, naïve to treatment or after a 2-to-3 week washout period for those in whom treatment was ineffective. The use of olmesartan medoxomil was assessed in a treatment algorithm divided into 4 phases: (i) monotherapy (20 mg), (ii-iii) associated to à hydrochlorothiazide (20/12.5 mg and 40/25 mg) and (iv) addition of amlodipine besylate (40/25 mg + 5 mg). RESULTS: At the end of the phased-treatment, 86 percent of the study subjects attained the goal of BP < 130/85 mmHg. Maximum reductions in SAP and DAP were -44.4 mmHg and -20.0 mmHg, respectively. The rate of systolic responders (SAP > 20 mmHg) and of diastolic responders (DAP > 10 mmHg) was 87.5 percent and 92.4 percent, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study was based on a treatment regimen that was similar to the therapeutic approach in daily clinical practice and showed that the use of olmesartan medoxomil in monotherapy or in association with hydrochlorothiazide and amlodipine was effective in the attainment of the recommended goals for hypertension stage 1 and 2 hypertensive individuals.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Algorithms , Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/therapeutic use , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Imidazoles/therapeutic use , Tetrazoles/therapeutic use , Amlodipine/adverse effects , Amlodipine/therapeutic use , Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/adverse effects , Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects , Drug Therapy, Combination , Hydrochlorothiazide/adverse effects , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Imidazoles/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome , Tetrazoles/adverse effects
9.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Caracas) ; 31(1): 45-51, jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-631539

ABSTRACT

La hipertensión arterial afecta aproximadamente 50 millones de individuos en Estados Unidos de América y un mil millones de individuos en el resto del mundo, afectando de un 15 por ciento a 30 por ciento de la población mundial, y es uno de los factores predictivos de enfermedad cardiovascular más importantes, por lo tanto su control es indispensable. Este estudio comparó la acción antihipertensiva de la combinación hidroclorotiazida/bisoprolol con la combinación enalapril/amlodipina en pacientes con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial no controlada. Métodos: Se realizó un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado en pacientes hipertensos con edades comprendidas entre 30 y 65 años con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial con o sin tratamiento. Fueron distribuidos en dos grupos de 10 pacientes; uno recibió tratamiento con hidroclorotiazida/bisoprolol y el otro con enalapril/amlodipina bajo un protocolo de ajuste de dosis según metas de PA para 4 semanas. Resultados: Ambas combinaciones redujeron significativamente los valores de presión arterial a las 4 semanas (P=< 0,0001). Sin embargo, el efecto antihipertensivo de la combinación hidroclorotiazida/Bisoprolol fue superior para la reducción de la presión diastólica (P= 0,025), y el alcance de la meta de 120/70 mmHg (90 por ciento vs. 50 por ciento). Conclusión: La utilización de la combinación hidroclorotiazida / bisoprolol tiene mayor número de beneficios que los observados con la combinación enalapril / amlodipina en el manejo de la hipertensión arterial no controlada


The High Blood Pressure affects around 50 millions people in the EE.UU of America and a thousand million people all around the world, affecting 15 percent to 30 percent of the world’s population, and is one of the most important predictive factors of cardiovascular disease; therefore its control is essential. This study compared the antihypertensive action of the combination Hydrochlorothiazide/Bisoprolol with the combination Enalapril/Amlodipine in patients with uncontrolled High Blood Pressure diagnosis. Methods: We performed a randomized, controlled, clinical essay, in patients with High Blood Pressure between 30 and 65 years old, with High Blood Pressure previous diagnosis under treatment or not. They were distributed into two groups of 10 patients each one; one group received Hydrochlorothiazide/Bisoprolol, and the other one, received Enalapril/Amlodipine under a standardized regimen of titration according to BP goals during 4 weeks. Results: Both combinations reduced significantly BP values at 4 weeks of treatment (P= <0.0001). However, the antihypertensive effect of the combination Hydrochlorothiazide/Bisoprolol was superior in the reduction of diastolic values of BP (P= 0,025), and the reach of the 120/70 mmHg goal (90 percent vs. 50 percent). Conclusions: the use of the combination Hydrochlorothiazide/Bisoprolol is related to a higher number of benefits than the use of the combination Enalapril/Amlodipine in the management of patients with uncontrolled High Blood Pressure diagnosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Bisoprolol/therapeutic use , Enalapril/therapeutic use , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Hypertension/therapy , Blood Pressure
10.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 52(1): 65-75, fev. 2008. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-477436

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Blood pressure(BP) and target organ responses to antihypertensive drugs are not well established in hypertensive obese patients. This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of obesity and adiposity distribution patterns on these responses. METHODS: 49 hypertensive obese women were designated to different groups according to waist to hip ratio measurements - 37 with troncular and 12 with peripheral obesity. Patients were treated for 24-weeks on a stepwise regimen with cilazapril alone or a cilazapril/hydrochlorothiazide/amlodipine combination therapy to achieve a BP lower than 140/90mmHg. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), echocardiography, and albuminuria were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: After 24 weeks, weight loss was less than 2 percent in both groups. ABPM targets were achieved in 81.5 percent of patients upon a combination of 2(26.5 percent) or 3(55.1 percent) drugs. Similar reductions in daytime-SBP/DBP: -22.5/-14.1(troncular obesity) / -23.6/-14.9mmHg (peripheral obesity) were obtained. Decrease in nocturnal-SBP was greater in troncular obesity patients. Upon BP control, microalbuminuria was markedly decreased, while only slight decrease in left ventricular mass was observed for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of weight loss, most patients required combined antihypertensive therapy to control their BP, regardless of their body fat distribution pattern. Optimal target BP and normal albuminuria were achieved in the group as a whole and in both obese patient groups, while benefits to cardiac structure were of a smaller magnitude.


As respostas pressórica e de órgãos-alvo mediante o tratamento anti-hipertensivo medicamentoso, não estão bem estabelecidas em pacientes obesos hipertensos. O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar as repercussões da obesidade e da distribuição de gordura corporal sobre estas respostas. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas 49 mulheres obesas hipertensas, separadas em subgrupos com distribuição troncular (n = 37) e periférica (n = 12) de gordura, de acordo com a distribuição cintura/quadril. As pacientes foram tratadas por 24 semanas com um regime anti-hipertensivo escalonado, iniciando-se com cilazapril e adicionando-se na seqüência, hidroclortiazida e amlodipina, com alvo pressórico inferior a 140 x 90 mmHg. Foram realizados MAPA, ecocardiograma e microalbuminuria antes e após o tratamento. RESULTADOS: Depois de 24 semanas observou-se perda de peso inferior a 2 por cento em ambos os subgrupos. O controle pressórico à MAPA pode ser observado em 81,5 por cento das pacientes mediante a combinação de duas (26,5 por cento) ou três (55,1 por cento) drogas. Foram obtidas reduções similares nas medidas de PAS/PAD diurnas: -22,5/-14,1(obesas tronculares)/-23,6/-14,9 mmHg (obesas periféricas), enquanto se observou nas obesas tronculares redução maior na PAS noturna. Mediante o controle pressórico, houve redução acentuada da microalbuminúria nos dois subgrupos. Por outro lado, observou-se em ambos, apenas discreta redução na massa ventricular. CONCLUSÕES: Na ausência de perda significativa de peso, e independentemente da distribuição de gordura corporal, a maioria das pacientes obesas necessitou terapia anti-hipertensiva combinada a fim de obter controle pressórico. Em ambos os subgrupos foram alcançados níveis adequados de pressão arterial e redução satisfatória da microalbuminúria, ao passo que os benefícios para a regressão estrutural cardíaca foram menores.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory , Body Fat Distribution , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Hypertension/drug therapy , Obesity/physiopathology , Analysis of Variance , Amlodipine/therapeutic use , Body Mass Index , Cilazapril/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Echocardiography , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hypertension/etiology , Obesity/complications , Regression Analysis , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome
11.
Acta méd. costarric ; 43(1): 20-6, ene.-mar. 2001. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-297347

ABSTRACT

Justification: Systemic hypertension is a chronic and asymptomatic disease. It is the first cause of ambulatory medical visits. It contributes directly to the first cause of mortality in the country, and it is almost always treatable with an integral intervention which includes pharmacological ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Atenolol/therapeutic use , Enalapril/therapeutic use , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/etiology , Hypertension/drug therapy , Nifedipine/therapeutic use , Costa Rica , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Social Security/classification
12.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 70(6): 589-95, nov.-dic. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-286166

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue el de comparar la eficacia y seguridad del bisoprolol (B), un nuevo betabloqueador cardioselectivo (desprovisto de actividad simpaticomimético intrínseca) y del metoprolol (M) asociados a hidroclorotiazida (HCTZ) en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial (HTA) leve a moderada. En un estudio doble ciego, aleatorizado, controlado con placebo fueron evaluados 62 pacientes (47 mujeres y 15 hombres), con edades entre 20 y 70 años (media 52.5 ñ 10.4). Después de un periodo de lavado y una fase de placebo de 2 semanas cada uno, los enfermos fueron asignados recibir B (10 mg) más 6.25 mg de HCTZ o M (100 mg) más 6.25 mg de HCTZ, durante 4 semanas. Al término de este periodo, aquellos enfermos en los cuales no se había reducido la presión arterial diastólica (PAD) por abajo de 90 mmHg la dosis del betabloqueador fue duplicada. Después de ocho semanas de tratamiento, la disminución promedio en la presión arterial sistólica (PAS) y PAD en relación a los valores basales fueron: 31.8 mmHg/21.2 mmHg y 28.0 mmHg/20.6 mmHg para B/HCTZ y M/HCTZ, respectivamente (p < 0.0001). No se encontraron modificaciones significativas en los parámetros de laboratorio, al concluir el estudio en ninguno de los dos grupos. La disminución de la presión arterial (PA) con B/HCTZ se encuentra relacionada con un perfil de eventos adversos y cambios metabólicos semejante a los observados con otras drogas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Bisoprolol/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Hypertension/drug therapy , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Metoprolol/therapeutic use , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Efficacy
13.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 57(2): 81-86, feb. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-280381

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hemangiomatosis neonatal difusa (HND) es un síndrome raro que consiste en la aparición de múltiples hemangiomas cutáneos pequeños y sobreelevados, los cuales pueden estar asociados a hemangiomas en el hígado, pulmones, tracto gastrointestinal, laringe y sistema nervioso central entre otros. Estos hemangiomas pueden estar presentes al momento del nacimiento y con el transcurso del tiempo pueden desarrollarse nuevos hemangiomas. De existir hemorragias importantes, estos niños pueden fallecer; sin embargo, se han reportado casos de involución espontánea. Actualmente no se cuenta con ningún método que permita predecir la evolución final de estos niños, pero con el advenimiento de esteroides e interferón su pronóstico se ha favorecido.Caso clínico. Se reporta el caso de una recién nacida quien presentó hemangiomas cutáneos múltiples al nacimiento corroborado mediante biopsia. Se investigaron asociaciones y se detectó un hemangioma hepático mediante ultrasonografía Doppler, tomografía axial computada y arteriografía. Recibió tratamiento con hidroclorotiazida e interferón, y evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Conclusión. El diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno tanto de la HND como de las asociaciones viscerales que comprometen la vida, favorecen su evolución y pronóstico. Hemangiomatosis neonatal difusa; esteroides; interferón.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Skin Diseases, Vascular/congenital , Hemangioma/diagnosis , Hepatomegaly/congenital , Blood Vessels/abnormalities , Steroids/therapeutic use , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use
14.
Rev. méd. Hosp. Säo Vicente de Paulo ; 10(23): 53-7, jul.-dez. 1998. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-238357

ABSTRACT

Recentemente tem surgido estudos buscando comprovar os efeitos benéficos da terapêutica com citrato de potássio para prevenção e tratamento da litíase renal. Os autores relatam um caso de involução de cálculo renal e revisam a literatura atual sobre a patogenia dos cálculos, tratamentos disponíveis e prevenção de recidivas


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Adult , Kidney Calculi/prevention & control , Kidney Calculi/drug therapy , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Potassium Citrate/therapeutic use
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 71(5): 713-6, nov. 1998. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-241768

ABSTRACT

Objetivo - Avaliar a eficácia e tolerabilidade da associação de captopril 50mg com hidrocloratiazida 25 mg em hipertensos com pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) entre 95 e 115mmHg. Métodos - Estudo aberto, multicêntrico, não comparativo. Na fase inicial, durante 2 semanas, os pacientes receberam placebo, seguida de ½ comprimido da associação. Os pacientes foram avaliados após 4,8 e 12 semanas. Após 8 semanas de tratamento, naqueles em que a PAD foi >90mmHg, foi prescrito um comprimido/dia. Resultados - Foram analisados 433 pacientes, com idades de 47+10 anos, sendo 30 por cento mulheres e 76 por cento brancos. As pressões sistólica/diastólica iniciais foram de 156+16/103+11 mmHg, após 14 dias de placebo, 156+15/103+9 mmHg (p>0,05) e, após 4,8 e 12 semanas, mostraram progressiva redução (p<0,05) para 143+14/95+11, 140+13/91+9 e 134+11/86+8 mmHg. O controle pressórico foi observado em 45, 67 e 88 por cento (p<0,05), após 4,8 e 12 semanas. Tosse foi o sintoma mais importante registrado em 7 por cento dos pacientes em placebo e 12 por cento nos que usavam a associação. A tolerabilidade foi considerada boa por 98 por cento dos pacientes. Conclusão - A associação de captopril com hidroclotiazida é eficaz e tem boa tolerabilidade, sendo prescrita em dose única diária em monoterapia, para hipertensos leves e moderados.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Captopril/therapeutic use , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Blood Pressure , Captopril/administration & dosage , Captopril/adverse effects , Drug Combinations , Hydrochlorothiazide/administration & dosage , Hydrochlorothiazide/adverse effects
16.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 71(4): 601-8, out. 1998. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-242047

ABSTRACT

Objetivo - Estudo multicêntrico, aberto e não comparativo, para avaliar a eficácia e a tolerabilidade de dois agentes anti-hipertensivos combinados em doses baixas: o beta-bloqueador cardiosseletivo bisoprolol (2,5 e 5,0mg) com 6,25mg de hidrocloratizada. Métodos - Cento e seis pacientes com hipertensão arterial nos estágios I e II (leve a moderada) receberam a combinação bisoprolol/hidrocloratizada, em uma única dose diária, e foram submetidos a uma avaliação da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e pressão arterial diastólica (PAD), durante 8 semanas. Resultados - A combinação bisoprolol/hidrocloratiazida reduziu significativamente os valores médios iniciais da PAS (157,4mmHg para 1373,3mmHg) e da PAD (98,8mmHg para 87,4mmHg). Ao final do estudo, 61 por cento haviam normalizado a PA (<90mmHg) e 22,9 por cento deles foram responsivos ao tratamento, resultando em elevada taxa de resposta terapêutica (normalizados + responsivos) - total de 83,9 por cento dos casos. Eventos adversos foram descritos em 18,9 por cento dos pacientes, sendo os mais freqüentes: tontura e cefaléia. Não se observaram alterações clinicamente significativas nos níveis plasmáticos de glicose, potássio, ácido útico e perfil lipídico. Conclusão - A combinação bisoprolol/hidroclorotiazida em baixas doses pode ser considerada uma alternativa racional, eficaz e bem tolerada para o tratamento inicial da hipertensão arterial leve ou moderada.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Bisoprolol/therapeutic use , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Drug Combinations , Drug Tolerance , Follow-Up Studies
17.
Rev. bras. clín. ter ; 24(5): 194-9, set. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-226131

ABSTRACT

O autor analisa a hipertensäo arterial no idoso, considerando dados epidemiológicos, critérios para avaliaçäo clínica e a abordagem terapêutica atual de acordo com os resultados dos principais estudos clínicos, medicina baseada em evidências.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Male , Female , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Cerebrovascular Disorders/prevention & control , Coronary Disease/prevention & control , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Hypertension/epidemiology , Hypertension/drug therapy , Amiloride/therapeutic use , Atenolol/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Drug Therapy, Combination , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use
18.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 70(5): 315-20, maio 1998. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-218483

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO - Quantificar a influência do diuréticos/ na capacidade funcional em portadores de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC) descompensada, através do teste de caminhada. MÉTODOS - Estudamos 10 pacientes internados, com idade média de 47 anos, sendo cinco do sexo masculino, com ICC descompensada, em classe funcional III e IV (NYHA), submetidos ao teste de caminhada de 6 e 9min na admissäo e alta. Foram obtidos registros na admissäo e alta, do peso, do ecocardiograma, sódio, potássio, uréia, creatinina séricos, hematócrito e hemoglobina. O tratamneot instituído foi o aumento da dose prévia de furosemida EV e/ou VO, associado ou näo a diurético tiazídico, tendo sido mantidas as doses prévias de digital, captoril ou da associaçäo de nitrato e hidralazina. RESULTADOS - O período de compensaçäo variou entre 4 a 30 dias (médias 8,7ñ7,8 dias). Ao ecocardiograma bidimensional apresentaram diâmetro do ventrículo esquerdo que variou de 47 a 81mm e a fraçäo de ejeçäo de 0,26 a 0,74. A distância caminhada em 6min passou de 193,4ñ71,5m para 341,8ñ67,7m (p menor 0,00002) e em 9min passou de 268,1ñ119,6m para 518,0ñ114,8m (p menor 0,00005). Näo houve diferença estatística entre os valores, na admissäo e alta, do hematócrito, hemoglobina, uréia, creatinina e sódio. O potássio sérico médio à admissäo era de 4,0ñ0,91mEq/l e na alta 4,69ñ1,00mEq/l (p=0,01) e o peso dos pacientes na admissäo e na alta foi de 58,9ñ6,42kg para 52,9ñ5,31kg, respectivamente (p menor 0,0006). CONCLUSÄO - A compensaçäo da ICC com o uso de diurético induziu a uma melhora importante, a curto prazo, da capacidade física dos pacientes, demostrada pelo /aumento da distância caminhada em 6 e 9min. O diurético melhorou significativamente o desempenho físico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Furosemide/therapeutic use , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Brazil , Drug Therapy, Combination , Exercise Test , Furosemide , Hydrochlorothiazide , Prospective Studies , Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors , Time Factors
19.
J. bras. nefrol ; 16(4): 207-14, dez. 1994. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-162591

ABSTRACT

Em diabéticos hipertensos com nefropatia diabética, a administraçao de hidroclortiazida (HDMH,n = 6) ou captopril (HDMC,n = 5) por 12 semanas provocou reduçoes na albuminúria (Ualb) que se correlacionaram com as reduçoes nos níveis da pressao arterial (PA) no HDMH, mas nao no HDMC. No HDMH, houve queda no fluxo plasmático renal (FPR) (p < O,O5) e no ritmo de filtraçao glomerular (RFG) (p < O,01), enquanto a fraçao de filtraçao (FF) permaneceu inalterada. No grupo HDMC, alteraçoes na hemodinâmica renal nao foram observadas. Em diabéticos normotensos com microalbuminúria, a administraçao de captopril (NDMC,n = 7) ou placebo (NDMP,n = 5) por 20 semanas nao alterou a PA ou a Ualb, embora no NDMC as taxas da Ualb se mantivessem sempre abaixo dos valores basais, o que nao ocorreu no NDMP. Os valores do FPR, RFG e FF nao se alteraram nos dois grupos. Assim, demonstramos um efeito antiproteinúrico do captopril, que, ao contrário do observado com hidroclortiazida, nao parece depender exclusivamente de sua açao antihipertensiva ou de alteraçoes na hemodinâmica renal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Albuminuria/drug therapy , Captopril/therapeutic use , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology , Hypertension/drug therapy , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Diabetic Nephropathies/physiopathology , Captopril/pharmacology , Creatinine/analysis , Double-Blind Method , Renal Plasma Flow , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Hydrochlorothiazide/pharmacology , Arterial Pressure , Glomerular Filtration Rate
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