Factores de riesgo metabólico y enfermedad cardiovascular asociados a obesidad en una población laboralmente activa / Metabolic Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease Associated with Obesity in an Actively Working Population

Introducción: La obesidad se relaciona con múltiples consecuencias adversas para la salud, como hipertensión, diabetes, hiperlipoproteinemia, enfermedad cardiovascular y otras. La prevalencia de estas entidades se ha incrementado en Cuba en las últimas décadas, muy asociadas a la ganancia ponderal. Objetivo: Describir la relación de la obesidad con la enfermedad cardiovascular y los factores de riesgo metabólicos como hipertensión arterial, hiperlipoproteinemia y diabetes mellitus. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, en 2902 pacientes que acudieron a chequeo médico en el Hospital Militar Central Dr. Carlos J. Finlay. Se recolectaron datos generales, antropométricos y factores de riesgo metabólico de enfermedad cardiovascular. Se realizó glucemia en ayunas, colesterol, triglicéridos, creatinina y prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa oral en casos indicados. Se calculó el filtrado glomerular. Los pacientes fueron clasificados en bajo peso, normo peso, sobrepeso y obeso, se identificó la relación entre el estado nutricional y los factores de riesgo metabólico y la enfermedad cardiovascular. Resultados: Se encontró 44,5 por ciento de sobrepeso, más frecuente entre los hombres (45,5 por ciento) y 29,2 por ciento de obesidad, más frecuente entre las mujeres (31,6 por ciento). El índice de masa corporal aumentó progresivamente con la edad. Los valores de glucemia, colesterol, triglicéridos, HbA1c y filtrado glomerular aumentaron con el estado nutricional, así como la frecuencia de diabetes, hipertensión, hiperlipoproteinemia y enfermedad cardiovascular. Conclusiones: La obesidad fue muy frecuente en este grupo de pacientes, en los cuales se relacionaron directamente los factores de riesgo metabólico hipertensión arterial, hiperlipoproteinemia, diabetes mellitus y enfermedad cardiovascular(AU)

Introduction: Obesity is associated with multiple adverse health consequences, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipoproteinemia, cardiovascular disease, and others. The prevalence of these conditions has increased in Cuba in recent decades, closely associated with ponderal gain. Objective: To describe the relationship of obesity with cardiovascular disease and metabolic risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipoproteinemia, and diabetes mellitus. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with 2902 patients who went for a medical check-up at Dr. Carlos J. Finlay Central Military Hospital. General, anthropometric and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease were gathered. The tests of fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and oral glucose tolerance were performed in indicated cases. Glomerular filtrate was calculated. Patients were classified as low weight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. The relationship between nutritional status and metabolic risk factors and cardiovascular disease was identified. Results: 44.5 percent were found in overweight, more frequent among men (45.5 percent). 29.2 percent were found in obesity, more frequent among women (31.6 percent). The body mass index increased progressively with age. Blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, and glomerular filtration levels increased with nutritional status, as well as the frequency of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipoproteinemia, and cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: Obesity was very frequent in this group of patients, in which the metabolic risk factors were directly associated with high blood pressure, hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease(AU)

Hyperlipoproteinemia in gallstone patients: astatistical study at quetta

Forty-five patients suffering from gallstone disease and twenty healthy subjects were studied for various lipid fractions and glucose in their serum and plasma respectively. The qualitative analysis of the stones was also performed to classify these into the cholesterol type or the pigment type. The serum total lipids and triglycerides were very significantly raised in the cholesterol stone patients as compared to the age and sex matched control subjects. The serum total cholesterol was mildy raised in these patients when compared with the control but was not as much significant as the triglycerides. These lipid variables were not altered significantly in the patients with pigment stones when compared with the controls. Therefore raised serum triglycerides which is a constant finding in the hyperlipoprotenemia specially type IIb and IV seems to be a potent risk factor in the development of the cholesterol gallstones. This is the type of lipid which is either ignored or overlooked most of the time by the consulting physician as well as the patients. While the serum cholesterol is considered by many clinicians to be the sole contributor in the pathogenesis of such type of stones. Our study suggests that raised serum triglycerides either alone or in combination with the cholesterol should be given due consideration to be a risk factor in the development of cholesterol gallstones