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1.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 50(3): 181-190, set. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-656334

ABSTRACT

Background: Since Internet made its first appearance for the general public, and its thereafter growth, different emerging health issues have been described. The discussion has taken place not only in the mass media, but also in the academy, initially with case reports of abuse and dependence, and now that it has been considered as a new diagnosis in the not yet finished DSM-V, either as another category within the substance abuse, or another one more related to the impulse control disorders. Methods: A systematic review of the published literature about the subject was done using related MESH terms: "Internet", "Behavior, Addictive", "Impulse Control Disorders" e "Impulsive Behavior" between 2006 and march 2012. Results: The prevalence of Internet abuse and dependence has been difficult to determine because of the lack of consensus in the diagnostic criteria. As other psychiatric entities, genetic and psychological risk factors could be involved, as well as it could be associated with other comorbidities such as mood disorders, anxiety disorders, ADHD, alcohol abuse and eating disorders. Neuroimaging studies have shown evidence of neurobiological similarities with the structures involved in substance dependence. Conclusion: For answering many of these queries specific terminology is required, in order to validate new instruments for diagnosis and follow up as well, in order to in the future describe the risk factors, natural history and treatment alternatives for this emerging disease.


Introducción: Junto con la aparición de internet, ha ido cobrando interés problemas de salud emergentes asociados al uso de las nuevas tecnologías. La discusión no sólo se ha dado en los medios de comunicación, sino también a nivel académico. Inicialmente asociado al reporte de casos de "adicción a internet", para luego llegar al punto de incluso considerar su incorporación al futuro DSM-V, ya sea homologando el fenómeno a la adicción a substancias, o como un fenómeno emparentado con los trastornos por control de impulsos. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura publicada sobre el tema utilizando los términos MESH afines: "Internet", "Behavior, Addictive", "Impulse Control Disorders" e "Impulsive Behavior" que se hubieran indexado desde el 2006 a marzo de 2012. Resultados: La prevalencia del abuso y dependencia a internet ha sido difícil de esclarecer por falta de consenso en los criterios diagnósticos. Tal como en otras entidades psiquiátricas podrían existir predisponentes genéticos y psicológicos así como asociación con comorbilidades tales como trastornos del ánimo, trastornos ansiosos, síndrome de déficit atencional e hiperactividad, abuso de alcohol y trastornos alimentarios. Pareciera haber correlato neurobiológico, demostrado en neuroimágenes, con las conocidas adicciones químicas. En cuanto al tratamiento, al no haber instrumentos para medir la respuesta, aún no existe evidencia de eficacia terapéutica. Conclusión: Para esclarecer muchas de estas dudas aún no resueltas hace falta terminología específica e instrumentos validados para diagnosticar y seguir a estos pacientes, para de esta manera describir sus factores de riesgo, curso natural y alternativas de tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Impulsive Behavior/epidemiology , Internet , Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders/epidemiology , Behavior, Addictive , Comorbidity , Impulsive Behavior/therapy , Dependency, Psychological , Prevalence , Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders/therapy
2.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 59(2): 99-105, 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-557154

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Os objetivos deste estudo foram traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e verificar a equivalência literal, semântica e idiomática da Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), que avalia a presença de manifestações da impulsividade tendo como base o modelo teórico proposto por Ernst Barratt. MÉTODOS: Inicialmente, a versão original em inglês da BIS-11 foi traduzida para o português por seis pesquisadores bilíngues. Em seguida, foi realizada uma tradução reversa para o inglês por uma tradutora de origem norte-americana. As versões original, traduzida e retraduzida foram avaliadas por um comitê de juízes especialistas, os quais emitiram pareceres com as observações pertinentes, o que culminou em uma versão final traduzida da BIS-11. As versões original e traduzida foram aplicadas em duas amostras da população geral com proficiência na língua inglesa, a fim de investigar a equivalência literal, semântica e idiomática da versão traduzida por meio de análises de correlação. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados das análises quantitativas indicaram que a versão final do instrumento é satisfatória.


OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to translate, make transcultural adaptation and assess the semantic, idiomatic and literal equivalence of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). METHODS:This scale assesses the presence of impulsive manifestations from the theoretical model proposed by Ernst Barratt. Firstly, the BIS-11 original version in English was translated to Portuguese by six bilingual researches. After this, was made the back-translation to English by a translator that was born in United States. Then, the three versions (original, translated and back-translated) were assessed by a specialists committee which made and analyze and comments about the process and then we reach the final translated version of BIS-11. The original and translated version of BIS-11 was applied in two samples from general population with proficiency both in English and Portuguese. This method was adopted to assess the literal, semantic e idiomatic equivalence of these versions by mean of correlation analyses. CONCLUSION: The final results of quantitative analyses show that the final version of BIS-11 is satisfactory.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Impulsive Behavior/psychology , Impulsive Behavior/therapy , Psychometrics , Brazil , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Surveys and Questionnaires , Translations
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