ABSTRACT
In 2013, two episodes of influenza emerged in China and caused worldwide concern. A new H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV) first appeared in China on February 19, 2013. By August 31, 2013, the virus had spread to ten provinces and two metropolitan cities. Of 134 patients with H7N9 influenza, 45 died. From then on, epidemics emerged sporadically in China and resulted in several victims. On November 30, 2013, a 73-year-old woman presented with an influenza-like illness. She developed multiple organ failure and died 9 d after the onset of disease. A novel reassortant AIV, H10N8, was isolated from a tracheal aspirate specimen that was obtained from the patient 7 d after onset. This case was the first human case of influenza A subtype H10N8. On 4 February, 2014, another death due to H10N8 avian influenza was reported in Jiangxi Province, China.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , China , Epidemiology , Influenza A Virus, H10N8 Subtype , Classification , Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype , Classification , Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype , Classification , Influenza, Human , Epidemiology , Virology , Phylogeny , Reassortant Viruses , ClassificationABSTRACT
Objective To develop neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against H10N8 avian influenza virus hemagglutinin and to identify the binding sites. Methods MAbs against hemagglutinin of H10N8 avian influenza virus were developed by genetic engineering. Neutralizing MAbs were screened by microneutralization assay,and then tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot to identity the binding sites.The homology modeling process was performed using Discovery Studio 3.5 software,while the binding epitopes were analyzed by BioEdit software. Results One MAb that could neutralize the H10N8 pseudovirus was obtained and characterized. Analysis about epitopes suggested that the antibody could bind to the HA1 region of hemagglutinin,while the epitopes on antigen were conserved in H10 subtypes.Conclusions One neutralizing antibody was obtained by this research.The MAb may potentially be further developed as a pre-clinical candidate to treat avian influenza H10N8 virus infection.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal , Allergy and Immunology , Antibodies, Neutralizing , Allergy and Immunology , Antibodies, Viral , Allergy and Immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Epitopes , Allergy and Immunology , Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus , Allergy and Immunology , Influenza A Virus, H10N8 Subtype , Neutralization TestsABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Novel influenza A viruses of avian-origin may be the precursors of pandemic strains. This descriptive study aims to introduce a novel avian-origin influenza A (H10N8) virus which can infect humans and cause severe diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Collecting clinical data of three cases of human infection with a novel reassortment avian influenza A (H10N8) virus in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three cases of human infection with a new reassortment avian influenza A(H10N8) virus were described, of which two were fatal cases, and one was severe case. These cases presented with severe pneumonia that progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and intractable respiratory failure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This novel reassortment avian influenza A (H10N8) virus in China resulted in fatal human infections, and should be added to concerns in clinical practice.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiviral Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Fluoroquinolones , Therapeutic Uses , Imipenem , Therapeutic Uses , Influenza A Virus, H10N8 Subtype , Virulence , Influenza, Human , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Oseltamivir , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze and discuss the source and epidemic disposition of human infection with avian influenza A (H10N8) virus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Epidemiological surveys were used to collect related data and RT-PCR was applied to detect the specimens collected from cases, close contacts related exposure to live poultry markets. Data were analyzed descriptively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three cases were discovered by surveillance on patients with severe pneumonia, two of the three died, but one in the hospital with the course over 6 months. All the three cases had histories of exposure to live poultry or related markets. Lower respiratory tract gargle aspirate samples of 3 patients were detected by Nanchang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Jiangxi Provincial CDC, and the results showed the influenza 2009pdmH1, H3, H5, H7, H9 subtypes negative. Specimen of patient 1 and 2 was positive for influenza A universal primers. Specimen of patient 3 was positive for H10N8 detected by Chinese National Influenza Center. All 33 close contacts of the patients were negative for H10N8 virus. Positive rate of the total poultry environmental specimens collected from the cases exposure markets was 5.19%. No new cases were found, after the prevention and control messages were implemented.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Three cases of H10N8 avian influenza virus infection province might be associated with exposure to live poultry market in Jiangxi.</p>