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1.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 30(2): 167-176, agosto 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-608302

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar la forma en que los países del Mercosur acceden, regulan y financian los medicamentos de alto costo (MAC) y proponer estrategias de selección y financiación conjunta a nivel sub-regional. MÉTODOS: Diseño cualitativo, utilizando análisis de contenido de fuentes primarias y secundarias, revisiones documentales, entrevistas, grupos focales y análisis de casos Las variables seleccionadas incluyeron: criterios de selección, acceso, financiación y regulación en los distintos países. Los MAC se clasificaron en aquellos que no modifican el curso natural de la enfermedad y aquellos que tiene eficacia demostrada, utilizando la dosis diaria definida para comparar los costos entre tratamientos clásicos y los realizados con MAC. RESULTADOS: Los países del Mercosur carecen en su gran mayoría de estrategias formales para enfrentar las demandas de MAC, y gobiernos y aseguradoras terminan por financiarlos por vía judicial. Los análisis de casos muestran que existen MAC sin eficacia comprobada que igualmente generan demanda. Las compras atomizadas, los compromisos internacionales respecto a propiedad intelectual y el bajo poder de negociación incrementan los precios de MAC exponencialmente, poniendo en riesgo la economía de los sistemas sanitarios. CONCLUSIONES: Los MAC deben ser regulados y seleccionados racionalmente permitiendo que solo aquellos que beneficien sustantivamente a la población sean aceptados. Para financiar los MAC así seleccionados se requieren estrategias comunes entre países que incluyan opciones tales como flexibilidades de acuerdos comerciales, creación de fondos nacionales de recursos o compra conjunta entre países para potenciar su poder de negociación.


OBJECTIVE: Determine how the Mercosur countries access, regulate, and finance costly drugs and propose joint selection and financing strategies at the subregional level. METHODS: Qualitative design, using content analyses of primary and secondary sources, document reviews, interviews, focus groups, and case studies. The variables selected included: selection criteria, access, financing, and regulations in the various countries. Costly drugs were divided into those that do not alter the natural course of the disease and those with demonstrated efficacy, using the defined daily dose to compare the costs of classical treatments and those involving costly drugs. RESULTS: The Mercosur countries generally lack formal strategies for dealing with the demand for costly drugs, and governments and insurers wind up financing them by court order. The case studies show that there are costly drugs whose efficacy has not been established but that nonetheless generate demand. The fragmentation of procurement, international commitments with regard to intellectual property, and low negotiating power exponentially increase the price of costly drugs, putting health system finances in jeopardy. CONCLUSIONS: Costly drugs must be regulated and rationally selected so that only those that substantively benefit people are accepted. To finance the drugs so selected, common country strategies are needed that include such options as flexible in trade agreements, the creation of national resource funds, or joint procurement by countries to enhance their negotiating power.


Subject(s)
Drug Costs , Health Services Accessibility , International Agencies/organization & administration , International Cooperation , Pharmaceutical Preparations/economics , Global Health/economics , Algorithms , Argentina , Brazil , Commerce/economics , Commerce/legislation & jurisprudence , Cost Savings , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Developing Countries/economics , Drug Costs/legislation & jurisprudence , Financing, Organized , Health Services Accessibility/economics , Health Services Needs and Demand , International Agencies/economics , International Cooperation/legislation & jurisprudence , Paraguay , Pharmaceutical Preparations/supply & distribution , Poverty , Therapies, Investigational/economics , Uruguay
2.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 1997. 258 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-719644

ABSTRACT

Esta tese tem por objetivo as propostas de reforma do setor saúde apresentados pelas agências internacionais aos países periféricos a partir da segunda metade dos anos oitenta, considerando tanto as que foram apresentadas como propostas oficiais de política sanitária ( o copagamento, a cesta básica, a competição administrada) como a que estão sendo recentemente divulgadas –mas ainda não incorporadas em documentos propositivos, como é o caso das contas individuais de poupança para gastos em assistência médica (medical savings accounts), modelo adotado em alguns países asiáticos...


The object of thesis are the proposals of health sector reform presented by international agencies to peripheral countries from the second half of the eighties. It considers those that were presented as official health policy proposal (user fees, basic package and managed competition) as well as those that are being recently divulgated but not yet presented in prppositive documents, as is the case of the medical saving accounts, which is a model adopted by some Asian countries...


Subject(s)
Humans , International Agencies/economics , Health Care Economics and Organizations , Health Planning/organization & administration , Health Care Reform/organization & administration
3.
Bol. Oficina Sanit. Panam ; 95(4): 299-320, oct. 1983.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-18830

ABSTRACT

Se ha realizado un estudio que evalua el estado actual de la asistencia internacional de financiamiento para las actividades de salud con objeto de averiguar cuan eficaz podria ser la cooperacion internacional de financiamiento en el esfuerzo de lograr la salud para todos y el ritmo a que la misma deberia aumentar.Tal cooperacion puede proporcionar una contribucion importante, y tal vez suficiente aun cuando sea necesario realizar cambios primordiales en los procedimientos para suministrar la asistencia relacionada con la salud


Subject(s)
Health Planning Support , Healthcare Financing , International Cooperation , Health Services Needs and Demand , International Agencies/economics , Financing, Organized , Developing Countries
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