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1.
Rev. argent. urol. (1990) ; 63(1): 14-7, abr. 1998. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-221053

ABSTRACT

Existe amplia evidencia de que el cáncer está asociado con anormalidades en la regulación génetica expresada en la superficie de la membrana celular. El 80 por ciento de los individuos son capaces de secretar los antígenos ABH en saliva y otras secreciones. La presencia de estas sustancias está controlada por un gen que puede adoptar dos formas alélicas: SE dominante y SE recesiva. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar la relación entre la expresión antigénica ABH en célkulas de descamación urotelial y el carácter secretor en pacientes con cáncer de vejiga. Se examinaron 33 pacientes con tumores de vejiga clasificados en superficiales y profundos y una población de 40 individuos normales. Se investigó el carácter secretor en saliva y la expresión de los antígenos ABH uroteliales en sedimentos urinario. Se empleó para estos estudios la técnica de inhibición de la aglutinación. En la población normal todos expresaron los antígenos ABH en células de sedimento urinario y sólo el 80 por ciento presentó dichos antígenos en sus secreciones. En los pacientes con cáncer de vejiga el 30,31 por ciento resultó no secretor y de ellos el 70 por ciento presentó deleción antigénica ABH en sedimento urinario con mayor incidencia de tumores profundos. Nuestros resultados indicarían que los pacientes con cáncer de vejiga no secretores desarrollarían tumores con mayor grado de infiltración respecto de los pacientes secretores


Subject(s)
Humans , Isoantigens/isolation & purification , Saliva/metabolism , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/blood , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/urine , Blood Group Antigens/analysis
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 125(12): 1449-56, dic. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-210392

ABSTRACT

Backgrour: Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is a result of fetomaternal incompatibility. Platelet destruction is caused by a maternal alntibody directed against a fetal platelet antigen inherited from the father and lacking on the mother's platelets. The incidence and features of transplacental alloimmunization depend on the frequency of expression of platelet specific antigens, which are highly variable among different populations. Aim: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of transplacental alloimmunization in a large, group of pregnant women in Chile. Material and methods: We, studied 3,041 samples obtained during the third trimester of gestation. In all samples, anti platelet antibodies were screened by ELISA with platelet membranes fixed to a microtiter plate. Positive samples were further studied for antigenic specificity with the monoclonal antibody specific immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA) test. Results: Anti platelet antibodies were found in 261 samples (8.5 percent). The MAIPA test identified 6 samples with antibodies directed against major platelet membrane glycoproteins, 2 anti GPIb, 2 anti GPIIb/IIIa and 2 anti GPIa/IIIa. In four cases, anti HLA antibodies coexisted. Two cases corresponded to well defined platelet antigen systems: one anti HPA-1a and one anti HPA-5b. No clinical evidence of thrombocytopenia of the newborn was detected in all these cases with anti GP antibodies. Conclusions: A prevalence of platelet specific antibodies of 0.2 por ciento with only one anti HPA-1a was detected. These findings are in contrast with those of other populations but in accordance with the low frequency of the HPA-1b/b phenotype in the Chilean population. The very low incidence of platelet specific antibodies and the lack of association with clinical thrombocytopenia in the newborn, do not support the recommendation of routine antenatal screening to all women in Chile


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, Third/blood , Immunity, Maternally-Acquired/physiology , Immune Tolerance/physiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Blotting, Western , Antibody Specificity/immunology , Antigens, Human Platelet/isolation & purification , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/diagnosis , Prenatal Diagnosis/methods , Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins/analysis , Isoantigens/isolation & purification
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