The effect of ileocecal valve removal in a model of short bowel syndrome / Efeito da remoção da válvula ileocecal em modelo de síndrome do intestino curto

ABSTRACT Background : Short bowel syndrome is a harmful condition that needs experimental research. Aim: To assess the impact of the ileocecal valve removal in a model of short bowel syndrome, in order to investigate the evolution of the colon under this circumstance. Method: Fifteen Wistar rats were equitable divided into: Control (Sham), Group I (70% enterectomy preserving ileocecal valve) and Group II (70% enterectomy excluding ileocecal valve). After enterectomy was performed jejunoileal or jejunocecal anastomosis and sacrificed the animals on 30th postoperative day for histomorphometric study of the colon. During this period, was observed the clinical evolution of the animals weekly including body weight measurement. Results: Group I and II presented progressive loss of weight. In Group I was observed diarrhea, perineal hyperemia and purple color of the colon during autopsy. Histomorphometry assay showed hypertrophy and hyperplasia of colon mucosa in Group I. In Group II the colon wall was thicker due to hypertrophy and muscular hyperplasia, and in mucosa vascular proliferation and inflammatory infiltrate were intense. Conclusion : This short bowel syndrome model is relevant and achieve 100% of survival. Animal's weight loss was not altered by the presence or exclusion of the ileocecal valve. Animals with 70% of small bowel removal and presence of the ileocecal valve attained a better clinical evolution and histological colon adaptation than those without ileocecal valve.

RESUMO Racional: Síndrome do intestino curto é condição clínica crítica e que precisa de pesquisa experimental. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da remoção da válvula ileocecal em um modelo de síndrome do intestino curto para investigar o comportamento do cólon nesta circunstância. Método: Quinze ratos Wistar foram divididos em três grupos de cinco: Controle (Sham), grupo I (enterectomia de 70% com preservação da válvula ileocecal), e grupo II (70% enterectomia de 70% excluindo a válvula ileocecal). Após a enterectomia foi restabelecido o trânsito com anastomose jejunoileal no grupo I e jejunocecal no grupo II. Os animais foram sacrificados no 30º dia do pós-operatório para histomorfometria do cólon. Durante este período, observou-se a evolução clínica semanal, incluindo a medição do peso corporal. Resultados: Grupos I e II apresentaram perda progressiva de peso. No grupo I houve diarreia, períneo hiperemiado e cor violácea do cólon durante a autópsia. A histomorfometria mostrou hipertrofia e hiperplasia da mucosa do cólon no grupo I. No grupo II a parede do cólon estava mais espessa devido à hipertrofia e hiperplasia das camadas muscular e mucosa onde a proliferação vascular e infiltração inflamatória foi intensa. Conclusão: Este modelo é factível e atingiu 100% de sobrevida. A perda de peso não foi alterada pela presença ou exclusão da válvula ileocecal. Animais com remoção de 70% do intestino delgado e presença da válvula ileocecal apresentaram melhor evolução clínica e adaptação histológica do cólon que os sem válvula ileocecal.

Recent advances of anastomosis techniques of esophagojejunostomy after laparoscopic totally gastrectomy in gastric tumor / 中华胃肠外科杂志

The esophageal jejunum anastomosis of the digestive tract reconstruction techniques in laparoscopic total gastrectomy includes two categories: circular stapler anastomosis techniques and linear stapler anastomosis techniques. Circular stapler anastomosis techniques include manual anastomosis method, purse string instrument method, Hiki improved special anvil anastomosis technique, the transorally inserted anvil(OrVil(TM)) and reverse puncture device technique. Linear stapler anastomosis techniques include side to side anastomosis technique and Overlap side to side anastomosis technique. Esophageal jejunum anastomosis technique has a wide selection of different technologies with different strengths and the corresponding limitations. This article will introduce research progress of laparoscopic total gastrectomy esophagus jejunum anastomosis from both sides of the development of anastomosis technology and the selection of anastomosis technology.

Night Blindness Induced by Long-term External Bile Drainage / 이화의대지

Vitamin A deficiency can occur as a result of malnutrition, malabsorption, or poor vitamin metabolism due to liver disease and night blindness might develop as the first symptom. Although there have been foreign reports about night blindness due to vitamin A deficiency which was derived from liver cirrhosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, intestinal bypass surgery or bariatric operation, it is hard to find reports about night blindness after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for external bile drainage. We report a case of night blindness derived from fat-soluble vitamin A deficiency developed after long-term (18 months) external bile drainage for benign biliary stricture occurred after left hepatic lobectomy and hepaticojejunostomy due to the Klatskin tumor (IIIb). Her night blindness and low serum retinol level (0.02 mg/L) was dramatically improved after vitamin A supplementation. We recommend lipid-soluble vitamin supplementation on the case of long-term external bile drainage.

Análise da qualidade de vida pós-operatória em pacientes com reservatório ileal por retocolite ulcerativa / Quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis

A proctocolectomia total com reservatório ileal (RI) é a cirurgia mais utilizada em portadores de retocolite ulcerativa (RCUI), porém, trata-se de procedimento de grande porte, que implica em derivação intestinal temporária e elevada morbidade. A experiência adquirida ao longo do tempo evidenciou a ocorrência de várias complicações como distúrbios evacuatórios e a inflamação do reservatório ou bolsite, que podem influenciar negativamente a qualidade de vida do paciente e se contrapor às expectativas iniciais. Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade de vida pós-operatória de pacientes com RI por RCUI. Casuística e métodos: Foram avaliados 31 pacientes operados pela mesma equipe (Grupo de Coloproctologia- FCM/UNICAMP) há pelo menos 1 ano. Empregou-se questionário de avaliação inicial dirigido elaborado pelos autores com o intuito de caracterizar a população e identificar sua satisfação com a cirurgia e questionário específico validado em português para investigação da qualidade de vida após cirurgia de RI (IBDQ), composto por 32 questões que abrangem quatro dimensões: sintomas intestinais, sintomas sistêmicos, aspectos sociais e aspectos emocionais. Cada questão dentro de cada um dos domínios aferidos tem sete alternativas de respostas. Cada opção de resposta vale seu próprio número em pontos, sendo 1 pior qualidade de vida e 7 a melhor. Verificou-se assim, o total de pontos obtidos em cada domínio. Foram avaliados os percentuais com pontuação máxima e mínima para cada item avaliado. Considerou-se resultado satisfatório para as pontuações 5, 6 e 7, regular 4 e insatisfatório valores de 1 a 3.

Restorative proctocolectomy with Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard surgical treatment for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), however, involves temporary ileostomy and high morbidity. The acquired experience over time showed the occurrence of various complications, such as, evacuation disturbances and the inflammation of the pouch or pouchitis, which can influence negatively the patients' quality of life (QoL) and as opposed to when compared to the initial expectations. Aim: To evaluate quality of life of patients with UC after IPAA. Patients and Methods: Thirty one patients were evaluated and underwent surgery by the same team with at least one year follow-up after surgery. An initial questionnaire was used for evaluation. It had been elaborated by qualified personnel with the purpose to characterize the patients and to identify their satisfaction with the surgery. A second questionnaire, specifically validated in Portuguese, was used to investigate the QoL after IPAA. It has 32 questions which covered four areas: intestinal and systemic symptoms, plus social and emotional aspects. Each question has seven possible answers. Each answer option has its own value; one represented the worse QoL and seven the best. For classification purposes five to seven points were considered satisfactory, four regular and one to three unsatisfactory. For quantitative analysis, the interval between the minimum and maximum punctuation of each domain were divided by 3, thus considering for physical domain scores between 46 to 54,99 as unsatisfactory, 55 to 62,99 regular, 63 to 70 satisfactory; for systemic domain, 8 to 17,99 unsatisfactory, 18 to 26,99 regular, 27 to 35 satisfactory; for social aspects, 10 to 18,33 unsatisfactory, 18,34 to 26,67 regular and 26,68 to 35 satisfactory; e for emotional aspects, 22 to 42,66 unsatisfactory, 42,67 to 63,32 regular and 63,33 to 84 satisfactory.

Impact of sleeve gastrectomy with ileal interposition duodenojejunal bypass operation on lipid metabolism in non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of sleeve gastrectomy with ileal interposition duodenojejunal bypass operation on lipid metabolism in non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-nine non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus underwent sleeve gastrectomy with ileal interposition duodenojejunal bypass operation. All the patients were subjected to the measurement of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (Homa-IR), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at postoperative 12th month.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twelve months after ileal interposition duodenojejunal bypass operation, the blood glucose was controlled without taking hypoglycemic drugs in 28 patients (96.5%) and HbA1c decreased from (8.4±1.3)% to (6.5±1.6)% (P<0.01). Dyslipidemia were corrected in 25 cases (86.2%). TC became normal in 84.2% (15/19), and TG became normal in 82.3% (14/17). HDL became normal in 66.6% (8/12). LDL became normal in 31.2% (5/16). TC/HDL ratio decreased from 5.6±1.2 to 2.8±1.0 (P<0.01). TG/HDL ratio decreased from 3.2±1.3 to 1.5±0.8 (all P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sleeve gastrectomy with ileal interposition duodenojejunal bypass is an effective operation for the correction of dyslipidemia in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>

Oxidative stress and changes in the content and pattern of tissue expression of ß-catenin protein in diversion colitis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to verify if oxidative stress is related to changes in content and pattern of β-catenin protein expression in an experimental model of diversion colitis. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were submitted to intestinal bypass. The animals were divided into three groups according to the sacrifice to take place in six, 12 and 18 weeks. For each group, five animals only underwent laparotomy (control). The presence of colitis was diagnosed by histological study, and its severity, by inflammation grading scale. Cellular oxidative stress was measured by comet assay. Tissue expression of β-catenin protein was analyzed by the immunohistochemistry and quantification of its tissue content by computerized morphometry. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student's t-test, median, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis, adopting a significance level of 5% (p <0.05). RESULTS: Colon segments without fecal stream developed colitis, which worsened with time of exclusion. Segments without fecal stream suffer higher levels of oxidative stress when compared to those with stream, and it worsens with time of exclusion. The levels of cellular oxidative stress are directly related to the degree of inflammation. The total content of ß-catenin in segments without fecal stream reduces after six weeks, and does not vary thereafter. The content of β-catenin in the apical portion of the colon crypts decreases with time, whereas in the basal region, it increases. The total content of ß-catenin is inversely related to the degree of inflammation and levels of tissue oxidative stress levels. CONCLUSION: There are changes in tissue content of E-cadherin and increased expression of ß-catenin in proliferative regions of colonic crypts, related with oxidative tissue stress. (AU)

OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a relação entre estresse oxidativo e conteúdo tecidual de β-catenina em modelo experimental de colite de exclusão. MÉTODOS: Sessenta ratos Wistar foram submetidos à derivação intestinal e divididos em três grupos experimentais segundo o sacrifício ser realizado em 6, 12 e 18 semanas. Para cada grupo, cinco animais foram submetidos apenas a laparotomia (controle). A colite foi diagnosticada por estudo histológico, enquanto sua intensidade por escala de graduação inflamatória. Os níveis de estresse oxidativo foram mensurados pelo ensaio cometa, enquanto a expressão e o conteúdo tecidual de ß-catenina por imunoistoquímica e morfometria computadorizada, respectivamente. Os resultados foram analisados pelos testes t de Student, Mann Whitney, ANOVA e Kruskal-Wallis, estabelecendo-se nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Nos segmentos sem trânsito fecal ocorre desenvolvimento de colite que piora com o tempo de exclusão. Segmentos sem trânsito sofrem maiores níveis de estresse oxidativo quando comparados àqueles com trânsito, piorando com o tempo de exclusão. Os níveis de estresse oxidativo encontram-se diretamente relacionados a piora da inflamação. O conteúdo total de ß-catenina no cólon sem trânsito reduz após seis semanas de exclusão. O conteúdo de ß-catenina no ápice das criptas cólicas diminui com o tempo, enquanto na região basal, aumenta. O conteúdo total da β-catenina encontra-se inversamente relacionado ao grau de inflamação e aos níveis de estresse oxidativo. CONCLUSÃO: Existe redução no conteúdo de ß-catenina, principalmente no ápice das glândulas cólicas e aumento nas regiões basais, relacionadas à piora do estresse oxidativo. (AU)

The jejunoileal bypass provokes morphological changes in the large intestine? An experimental study in rats / A derivação jejuno-ileal provoca alterações morfológicas no intestino grosso? Estudo experimental em ratos

PURPOSE: To analyse histopathological alterations characterized by the mitotic index in the mucosa of the large intestine in Wistar rats submitted to jejunoileal bypass operation after continued administration of sodium nitrite and vitamin C to different groups. METHODS: Eighty male Wistar rats were employed and separated into 12 groups. In the control group (20 rats): five animals ingested only water; five animals received vitamin C; five animals received sodium nitrite and five received sodium nitrite + vitamin C. In the sham group (20 rats), the animals were anesthetized and underwent midline laparotomy and only intestinal manipulation was performed: five animals ingested only water; five animals received vitamin C; five animals received sodium nitrite and five received sodium nitrite + vitamin C. In the operated group 40 rats underwent a jejunoileal bypass surgery: ten animals ingested only water; ten animals received vitamin C; ten animals received sodium nitrite and ten received sodium nitrite + vitamin C. The mean weight of the animals was measured weekly. The large intestine was subdivided into cecum (S1), ascending colon (S2), transverse colon (S3), descending colon (S4) and rectum (S5) for histopathological analysis and mitotic counts. The statistical analysis was used to compare the mitotic indices. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS: The mean of all the segments indicates that the sodium nitrite+vitamin C group obtained the lowest mitotic index compared to the other treatments in the control group. The segments S1 and S2 showed a statistical difference with the vitamin C treatment: a higher mitotic index and better preservation of the mucosa in the operated group. In the sham group the main statistical difference occurred only in the sodium nitrite+vitamin C group between the means of the segments. CONCLUSIONS: The comparison of all the colonic segments of the various groups revealed a lower mitotic index in the animals treated with sodium nitrite+vitamin C. In addition, it was found that vitamin C did not present a statistically significant inhibiting effect on the preservation of the mucosa and the mitotic index.

OBJETIVO: Analisar as alterações histopatológicas caracterizada pelo índice mitótico na mucosa do intestino grosso em ratos Wistar submetidos a operação de bypass jejunoileal após a administração continuada de nitrito de sódio e vitamina C para diferentes grupos. MÉTODOS: Oitenta ratos Wistar foram utilizados e separados em 12 grupos. No grupo controle (20 ratos): cinco animais ingeriram apenas água; cinco animais receberam vitamina C, cinco animais receberam nitrito de sódio e cinco receberam nitrito de sódio + vitamina C. No grupo sham (20 ratos), os animais foram anestesiados e submetidos a laparotomia mediana e só a manipulação intestinal foi realizada: cinco animais ingeriram apenas água; cinco animais receberam vitamina C, cinco animais receberam nitrito de sódio e cinco receberam nitrito de sódio + vitamina C. No grupo operado 40 ratos foram submetidos a uma cirurgia de bypass jejunoileal: dez animais ingeridos apenas água; dez animais receberam vitamina C, dez animais receberam nitrito de sódio e dez nitrito de sódio + vitamina C. O peso médio dos animais foi medido semanalmente. O intestino grosso foi subdividido em ceco (S1), cólon ascendente (S2), cólon transverso (S3), cólon descendente (S4) e reto (S5) para análise histopatológica e contagem das mitoses. A análise estatística foi utilizado para comparar os índices mitóticos. O nível de significância foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: A média de todos os segmentos indica que o grupo que ingeriu nitrito de sódio + vitamina C obteve o menor índice mitótico em relação aos demais tratamentos no grupo controle. Os segmentos S1 e S2 mostraram uma diferença estatística com a vitamina C de tratamento: um maior índice mitótico e melhor preservação da mucosa no grupo operado. No grupo sham a principal diferença estatística ocorreu apenas no grupo que ingeriu nitrito de sódio + vitamina C entre as médias dos segmentos. CONCLUSÕES: A comparação de todos os segmentos do colon dos vários grupos revelaram um menor índice de mitose nos animais tratados com nitrito de sódio + vitamina C. Além disso, a vitamina C não apresentou efeito inibidor, estatísticamente significativo, na preservação da mucosa e do índice de mitoses.

Acrodermatitis due to zinc deficiency after combined vertical gastroplasty with jejunoileal bypass: case report / Acrodermatite por deficiência de zinco após associação de gastroplastia vertical com derivação jejuno-ileal: relato de caso

CONTEXT: Nutritional complications may occur after bariatric surgery, due to restriction of food intake and impaired digestion or absorption of nutrients. CASE REPORT: After undergoing vertical gastroplasty and jejunoileal bypass, a female patient presented marked weight loss and protein deficiency. Seven months after the bariatric surgery, she presented dermatological features compatible with acrodermatitis enteropathica, as seen from the plasma zinc levels, which were below the reference values (34.4 mg%). The skin lesions improved significantly after 1,000 mg/day of zinc sulfate supplementation for one week. CONCLUSIONS: The patient's evolution shows that the multidisciplinary team involved in surgical treatment of obesity should take nutritional deficiencies into consideration in the differential diagnosis of skin diseases, in order to institute early treatment.

CONTEXTO: Complicações nutricionais podem ocorrer após cirurgia bariátrica, pela restrição no consumo de alimentos e por comprometimento do processo digestivo e absortivo. RELATO DO CASO: Após ter sido submetida a gastroplastia vertical e derivação jejuno-ileal, uma paciente apresentou acentuada perda de peso e desnutrição proteica. Sete meses após a cirurgia bariátrica, manifestou-se quadro dermatológico compatível com acrodermatite enteropática, verificado a partir dos níveis plasmáticos de zinco (34,4 mg%), que se situavam abaixo dos valores de referência. As lesões cutâneas melhoraram significativamente após 1.000 mg/dia de suplementação de sulfato de zinco, por uma semana. CONCLUSÕES: A evolução da paciente mostra que a equipe multiprofissional envolvida no tratamento cirúrgico da obesidade deve considerar as deficiências nutricionais no diagnóstico diferencial das doenças cutâneas, a fim de instituir precocemente o tratamento.

A Case of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth with Peripheral Edema Caused by Intestinal Bypass Surgery and Relieved by Repair

Intestinal bypass surgery, particularly jejuno-ileal bypass surgery, performed for the purpose of weight reduction may cause an unexpected exacerbation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, we report a case of NASH caused by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, which developed after jejuno-colic bypass surgery and resolved dramatically after surgical correction.

Migrating motor complex changes after side-to-side ileal bypass in mouse ileum ex-vivo: mechanism underlying the blind loop syndrome? / 대한외과학회지

PURPOSE: This study was intended to investigate the migrating motor complex (MMC) changes after ileal bypass in ex-vivo mouse models. METHODS: Partial (side-to-side) and total bypass (occlusion of proximal part of bypassed loop) were performed on ileums of female Institute of Cancer Research mice. After 2 and 4 weeks, the bypassed segments were harvested and MMCs were recorded at 4 different sites ex-vivo. Amplitude, duration, interval, direction of propagation, and the area under the curve (AUC) of MMCs were measured and compared to those of the controls. RESULTS: In control mice (n = 7), most MMCs propagated aborally (91.1%). After 2 weeks of partial bypass (n = 4), there was a significant decrease in both amplitude and AUC, and orally-propagating MMCs increased significantly (45%, P = 0.002). Bidirectional MMCs (originating in the bypassed loop and propagating in both directions) were also observed (10%). The amplitude of the MMCs remained decreased at 4 weeks after partial bypass (n = 4), and neither the AUC nor the direction of propagation showed significant changes compared to 2 weeks. Similarly, in the total bypass model, both the amplitude and AUC of the MMCs decreased significantly compared to controls. In contrast to partial bypass, 95% of the MMCs within the bypassed loop propagated aborally after 2 weeks (n = 6), which was similar to the control state. After 4 weeks (n = 5), however, MMCs either lost their temporal relationship or completely disappeared. CONCLUSION: The changes in propagation direction of the MMCs in the partially bypassed loop may contribute to stagnation of bowel contents and the development of blind loop syndrome.

Banda gástrica com desvio jejunoileal: nova opção técnica em cirurgia bariátrica / Gastric band with jejunoileal by-pass: new option in bariatric surgery

RACIONAL: Os procedimentos cirúrgicos para tratamento da obesidade morbida têm sido eficientes na resolução desta afecção a curto e longo prazo. Com exceção da banda gástrica ajustável todos estes procedimentos de alguma forma são capazes de induzir a liberação de hormônios intestinais em função do desvio intestinal e desta forma exercerem um efeito metabólico. OBJETIVO: Com a intenção de obter efeitos semelhantes às operações que promovem um desvio intestinal, com as vantagens de baixa morbidade e mortalidade da BGA, foi proposto novo procedimento técnico associando à banda gástrica ajustável a um desvio jejunoileal. MÉTODO: O procedimento cirúrgico totalmente conduzido por videolaparoscopia, consiste na aplicação inicial da banda gástrica e a seguir a realização de anastomose látero-lateral a 80 cm do ângulo duodenojejunal e 120 cm da válvula ileocecal. RESULTADOS: Foram operados 10 pacientes com esta técnica, seis mulheres e quatro homens com IMC médio de 40 kg/m2. A perda média de excesso de peso nos seis primeiros meses foi de 51,56

. Em quatro pacientes diabéticos houve normalização dos níveis glicêmicos e suspensão do uso da medicação antidiabética. CONCLUSÃO: Adição de desvio jejunoileal látero-lateral à banda gástrica pode melhorar a perda de peso em pacientes portadores de obesidade mórbida e contribuir para o controle da diabete tipo II.

BACKGROUND: Current procedures for surgical treatment of morbid obesity have proved to be efficient in controlling the process in the short and long follow-up. The bariatric surgical procedures, with the exception of the adjustable gastric banding are capable, in one way or another, of inducing hormonal release due to the intestinal by-pass that they may promote and therefore offering a metabolic effect. AIM: With the intention to maintain the same results promoted by gastrojejunal diversion, while maintaining the lower mortality rates of the adjustable gastric banding technique, it is proposed a new procedure combining adjustable gastric banding with jejunoileal diversion. METHOD: The surgical procedure, performed completely through videolaparoscopy, consisted of the initial application of the adjustable gastric banding and then a jejunoileal laterolateral by-pass, 80 cm from the duodenojejunal angle, with the distal ileum, at 120 cm from the ileocecal valve. RESULTS: Ten patients were operated on, six women and four men, with mean BMI of 40 kg/m2. The average percentage of excess weight loss after the first six months was 51.56

. In four diabetic type II patients there was a normalization of glicemic and HbA1c levels with suspension of insulin and/or antidiabetic medications. CONCLUSION: The addition of a laparoscopic jejunoileal laterolateral by-pass to the adjustable gastric banding may enhance the efficacy of weight-loss and diabetes type II control in the treatment of morbid obesity and its resulting co-morbidities.

Derivaciones biliodigestivas / Biliodigestive shunts

El establecimiento quirúrgico de un cortocircuito entre alguna porción del árbol biliar y el tracto digestivo, recibe el nombre de de derivación biliodigestiva. Este se establece generalmente, de manera particular con el duodeno o el yeyuno(AU)

The surgical establishment of a short circuit between some portion of the tree biliar and the digestive tract, receives the name of of derivation biliodigestiva. This he/she generally settles down, of way peculiar with the duodeno or the yeyuno(AU)

Composição aminoacídica e digestibilidade ileal de aminoácidos de alimentos energéticos determinados com suínos submetidos à anastomose ileo-retal / Amino acids composition and ileal digestibility of amino acids in energetics feedstuffs measured in pigs with ileo-rectal anastomosis

Com o objetivo de determinar os coeficientes de digestibilidade ileal aparente (CDA) dos aminoácidos de alimentos energéticos foi realizado um ensaio de metabolismo com suínos machos castrados submetidos à anastomose íleo-retal com isolamento do intestino grosso, utilizando-se o método da coleta total de excretas e três repetições por alimento avaliado. Os animais cujo peso médio inicial foi de 35,1kg foram alojados em gaiolas de metabolismo sendo um animal por unidade experimental. Os alimentos avaliados (milho comum, milho de alta proteína, milheto, sorgo e farelo de trigo) constituíram a única fonte protéica das dietas, isoprotéicas em 8 por cento de PB. As dietas foram fornecidas duas vezes ao dia e a sua quantidade calculada com base no peso metabólico dos animais. A glicina, treonina e prolina apresentaram os menores CDA (respectivamente 49,37; 59,36 e 59,62 por cento), enquanto arginina e ácido glutâmico, os maiores valores, (respectivamente 89,67 e 85,09 por cento para o CDA). Os dados obtidos podem ser utilizados como referência para a formulação de dietas para suínos em crescimento com base em aminoácidos digestíveis.

A metabolism assay that utilized pigs ileo-rectal anastomosis with complete isolation of large intestine was conducted to determine aparent (ADC) ileal amino acids digestibility coefficients of energetic feedstuffs for swine. The method employed was the total feces collection with three repetitions for evaluated feedstuff. The pigs, averaging 35,5kg initial live weight, were allotted in metabolism cages. The metabolism cage was considerate one experimental unit. The valued feedstuffs (corn, QPM corn, millet, sorghum and wheat bran) was single protein source of diets, every one with 8 percent of crude protein. The diets was provide in twice time and the quantity calculated of accord with the metabolic weight. In the feedstuffs evaluated glycine, threonine and proline exhibited the smaller values of ADC (respectively, 49,37; 59,36 and 59,62 percent), whereas arginine and glutamic acid presented the greater values of ADC (respectively, 89,67 and 85,09 percent).

Early oral feeding, no nasogastric suction and no peritoneal drainage; compared to conventional post operative protocol in cases of gastric and small bowel anastamoses

To know the out come of a randomized controlled trial of early oral feeding, no nasogastric [NG] suction and no peritoneal cavity drainage after gastric and small bowel anastamoses. Patients admitted for anastomosis involving stomach and small bowel were randomized into two groups [50 patients each] by lottery methods of prewritten cards. In group A [control], patients were managed by conventional postoperative protocol [N/G decompression, peritoneal drain and nil per oral for 5 days]. In group "B" [under trial] patients were managed without NG decompression and peritoneal drain and were allowed oral feeds on third postoperative day. Surgery was done by various grades of surgeons from consultants to Senior Trainees. In group A, 39/50 patients were male and average age was 47.5 years. Morbidity recorded in this group was 14% including postoperative chest infection, wound dehiscence, vomiting and hypovolumia in one patient [2%] each. Three patients [6%] had anastamotic failure resulting into fistula. Three [6%] patients died of the procedure. In group B; 34/50 were males and average age was 42.5 years. Postoperative abdominal distension was recorded in 3 [6%] patients and vomiting in 2 [4%] patients. No anastamotic failure occurred in this group. Mortality was nil. Patients of gastric and small bowel anastamoses/ repair can be managed without N/G tube and peritoneal drain. These patients can be allowed home on fourth postoperative day

Avaliação morfométrica da mucosa do intestino grosso após derivação jejunoileal em ratos / Large bowell morphometric analysis after jejunoileal bypass in rats

A epidemia mundial de sobrepeso e obesidade é estimada atingir 1,7 bilhões de pessoas e atualmente, a cirurgia oferece boa opção de tratamento com perda de peso sustentada para o obeso mórbido. Aproximadamente 70 por cento dos procedimentos bariátricos realizados hoje apresenta algum componente disabsortivo...

The world epidemic of overweight and obesity is estimated to encompass about 1,7 billion individuals and currently, surgery offers the only viable treatment option with longterm weight loss and maintenance for the morbidly obese. Almost 70 per cent of the bariatric procedures performed today offers the patient some defree of disabsorption...

Effect of partial ileal bypass on the lipid profile in the hyperlipedemic rabbits.

The hypocholesterolemic effect of partial ideal bypass was studied in two groups of healthy albino rabbits. Both groups of rabbits were made hypercholesterolemic by feeding them cholesterol suspended in groundnut oil (1 ml/kg bw) at a dose of 100 ml/kg bw/day for one week. Group I rabbits were subjected to partial ileal bypass and group II rabbits were sham operated. Weekly estimation of serum lipid profiles were done for four more weeks while continuing cholesterol feed. After end of 5th week, it was found that partial ileal bypass not only prevented but also brought down its level from 132.8 mg% to 44.8 + 2.24 mg%, as compared to sham operates group where cholesterol level was 279 + 5.84 mg%. There was improvement in other parameters of lipid profiles namely HDL-C & LDL-C + VLDL-C and TAG.

Alteraçöes funcionais e histológicas das glândulas paratireóides após derivaçäo jejuno-cólica: estudo comparativo em ratos / Functional and histologic alterations of the parathyroid glands after jejunocolic bypass: a comparative study in rats

Com a finalidade de estudar as glândulas paratireóides durante a fase de reduçäo ponderal, 48 ratos Wistar, machos, foram distribuídos em dois grupos. Os animais do Grupo 1, no total de 28, foram submetidos a derivaçäo jejuno-cólica. Os animais do Grupo 2, no total de 20, foram submetidos a operaçäo simulada. Estudaram-se, a microscopia óptica, os aspectos histológicos, e a microscopia eletrônica, os aspectos ultraestruturais. A funçäo das glândulas paratireóides foi estudada mediante determinaçöes séricas do Hormônio da Paratireóide - Parato-hormônio (PTH), Cálcio, Fosfato, Albumina e Proteínas Totais. Procedeu-se a avaliaçäo da evoluçäo ponderal e variaçäo percentual, pesando-se os animais nos dias 7, 14, 21 e 28. A determinatpo sérica do PTH, Cálcio, Fosfato, Albumina e Proteínas Totais foi realizada antes dos sacrifícios e os estudados da microscopia, após os mesmos, nos 7§, 14§, 21§ e 28§ dias. Os valores do peso, da variaçäo percentual e das dosagens bioquímicas e hormonais foram submetidos a analise estatística separadamente para cada grupo. Compararam-se também os Grupos 1 e 2 em relaçäo aos valores das variáveis estudadas nos 7§, 14§, 21§ e 28§ dias do sacrifício. Os animais submetidos a derivaçäo jejuno - cólica apresentaram progressiva perda ponderal demostrada a partir do sétimo dia e os animais de controle, crescente ganho de peso a partir do 14§ dia. A média dos valores da determinaçöes séricas do PTH dos ratos submetidos a derivaçäo jejuno - cólica foi maior do que dos animais - controle já a partir do 7§ dia, embora näo sejam estatisticamente significantes. Os valores séricos do fosfato só foram estatisticamente significantes no 21§ dia, o da albumina no 14§, 21§ e 28§ dias e os das proteínas totais em todos os períodos. A média dos valores do cálcio foi menor nos animais - controle do que nos submetidos a derivaçäo jejuno - cólica, näo sendo esse valores estatisticamente significantes. O estudo da microscopia eletrônica e óptica nos animais submetidos a derivaçäo jejuno - cólica diferenciou dos encontrados nos animais - controle pela predominância das células principais, sendo que as células escuras predominam no 21§ dia, e as células claras no 28§ dia.

Traumatismo rectoperineal por succión / Rectoperineal trauma by suction

Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de sexo femenino de 18 años, sin antecedentes mórbidos de importancia, que sufre traumatismo de la región rectoperitoneal al ser succionada por filtro de piscina. Ingresa al servicio de urgencia, en shock hipovolémico, con gran herida contusa de región perineal a través de la cual se exteriorizan asas de intestino delgado. A los 30 minutos de su ingreso es llevada a pabellón practicando: 1) resección intestinal de yeyuno e íleon a anastomosis terminoterminal; 2) aseo perineal y hemostasia; 3) resección del segmento rectal, que presentaba amplia dislaceración de la pared anterior a través de la cual se evisceró el intestino delgado; 4) desfuncionalización tipo Hartmann; 5) colporrafía. Al 5§ día de postoperatorio nueva cirugía para completar aseo perineal y perineoplastia. No se presentaron complicaciones postoperatorias y es dada de alta a los 21 días de su ingreso. Rehospitalización a los 4 meses para reconstitución del tránsito sin complicaciones postoperatorias