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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(4): 211-214, July-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888123

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: Administration of eye drops containing antihistamines or sodium cromoglycate and its derivatives for the treatment of allergic keratoconjunctivitis is often insufficient and usually requires the addition of corticosteroids. However, the risk of complications, such as glaucoma and cataract, limits the use of corticosteroids to short courses, resulting in inadequate long-term treatment response. Immunosuppressive drugs have been considered as a valid alternative to steroids for atopic keratoconjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis. This study aimed to evaluate the use of topical tacrolimus (TCL) in improving the clinical signs of severe allergic keratoconjuctivitis in children. Methods: Patients with severe allergic keratoconjunctivitis associated with corneal epitheliopathy, gelatinous limbal infiltrates, and/or papillary reaction, along with a history of recurrences and resistance to conventional topical anti-allergy agents, were included in this open clinical trial. Patients were treated with 0.03% TCL ointment for ocular use. A severity score ranging from 0 to 9, with 9 being the highest and 0 being the lowest, was assigned based on signs observed on biomicroscopy prior to and following TCL treatment. Results: Analyses included 66 eyes of 33 patients. After a mean follow-up period of 13 months (range, 12-29 months), TCL treatment significantly decreased the mean symptom score severity for the right (from 5.56 ± 1.18 to 2.76 ± 1.5; p<0.001) and left (from 5.94 ± 1.16 to 2.86 ± 1.64; p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical TCL was effective and significantly improved the clinical signs of allergic keratoconjuctivitis in children. Thus, it is a potential new option for severe and challenging cases of ocular allergy.


RESUMO Objetivos: O tratamento da ceratoconjuntivite alérgica baseado em colírios que contenham anti-histamínicos ou cromoglicato de sódio e seus derivados geralmente são insuficientes. A adição de corticosteróides geralmente é mandatória. No entanto, o risco de complicações como glaucoma e catarata limita o uso dos corticosteróides em curtos períodos de tratamento resultando em respostas inadequadas a longo prazo. Drogas imunossupressoras vem sendo consideradas como uma opção terapêutica alternativa válida para as ceratoconjuntivite atópica (AKC) e ceratoconjuntivite vernal (VKC). Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a melhora nos sinais clínicos durante o uso de tacrolimus (TCL) tópico em crianças com ceratoconjuntivites alérgicas. Métodos: Pacientes com ceratoconjuntivite alérgica severa associada a ceratites, infiltrados limbares gelatinosos e/ou papilas gigantes, com história de recorrências e resistência ao tratamento anti-alérgico tópico convencional foram incluídos neste estudo. Os pacientes foram tratados com TCL 0,03% pomada tópica para uso ocular. Um escore variando de 0 a 9 foi atribuído para os sinais observados na biomicroscopia antes e depois do tratamento. Quanto maiores os escores, mais severos eram os sinais. Resultados: Foram estudados 66 olhos de 33 pacientes. Antes do tratamento a média do escore para o olho direito foi 5,56 ± 1,18 e para o olho esquerdo 5,94 ± 1,16. Após o tratamento com TCL a média do escore para o olho direito foi 2,76 ± 1,5 e para o olho esquerdo 2,86 ± 1,64 (p<0.001 para os dois olhos). O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 13 meses (12-29 meses). Conclusão: O presente estudo sugere que o TCL tópico foi efetivo e demonstrou resultado satisfatório, com melhora nos sinais clínicos na ceratoconjuntivite alérgica em crianças, constituindo uma nova opção para o tratamento de casos severos de alergia ocular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/drug therapy , Tacrolimus/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Keratoconjunctivitis/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index , Prospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Administration, Topical , Treatment Outcome , Cyclosporine/administration & dosage , Microscopy/methods
2.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 199-203, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-150554

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Antimicrobial peptides have an important role in self-protection of the ocular surface. Human cationic antimicrobial protein (hCAP)-18 is a linear, alpha-helical peptide that consists of a conserved pro-sequence called a cathelin-like domain and a C-terminal peptide named LL-37. We investigated the in vitro anti-adenoviral activity of hCAP-18/LL-37 in several adenovirus types, inducing keratoconjunctivitis. METHODS: A549 cells were used for viral cell culture, and human adenovirus (HAdV) types 3 (HAdV3, species B), 4 (species E), 8, 19a, and 37 (species D) were used. The cytotoxicity of LL-37 was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay to obtain 50% cytotoxic concentration. After pretreatment of A549 cells with serial dilutions of LL-37 for 24 hours, adenovirus was cultured for seven days, and adenoviral DNA was quantitatively measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The 50% effective concentration of LL-37 obtained by real-time PCR ranged between 118 and 270 microM. LL-37 showed a significant inhibitory effect on adenoviral proliferation in all adenovirus types except HAdV4 in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: LL-37 has significant inhibitory activity against HAdV3, 8, and 19, which induce keratoconjunctivitis. These results indicate that hCAP-18/LL-37 may be a possible candidate for the treatment of HAdV keratoconjunctivitis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adenocarcinoma , Adenoviridae/drug effects , Adenoviridae Infections/drug therapy , Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , DNA, Viral/genetics , Keratoconjunctivitis/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
3.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 74(6): 417-421, nov.-dez. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-613441

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Determinar a efetividade e a toxicidade do ganciclovir 0,15 por cento gel no tratamento de ceratoconjuntivites adenovirais e na prevenção de complicações tais como infiltrados corneanos, membranas ou pseudomembranas conjuntivais. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico duplo-cego, intervencionista, randomizado. Os 33 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de ceratoconjuntivite adenoviral com início dos sintomas há menos de cinco dias foram randomizados em dois grupos: Grupo 1 (tratamento) com 19 pacientes que usaram ganciclovir e Grupo 2 (controle) com 14 pacientes que usaram lágrima artificial sem conservante. Todos pacientes responderam a um questionário de sinais e sintomas e foram submetidos a um exame oftalmológico. No 6º dia de tratamento responderam ao mesmo questionário por telefone e no 10º dia foram reavaliados pelo mesmo examinador e responderam novamente ao questionário. Os sinais e sintomas foram comparados. Para análise estatística foi utilizado os testes T de Student, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon, com significância estatística p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Tendência de melhor resposta no grupo tratamento em relação à percepção pelos pacientes, além da melhora mais rápida desse grupo em relação ao grupo controle (p=0,26). Houve menor transmissão para o olho adelfo (p=0,86) e para pessoas do convívio (p=0,16) no grupo tratamento. Comparando os dois grupos não houve diferença estatística em relação aos sintomas e sinais da conjuntivite. Comparando isoladamente cada grupo entre o pré-tratamento e no decorrer do tratamento, observou-se melhora estatisticamente significativa da dor, prurido e fotofobia apenas no grupo tratamento. Ganciclovir não mostrou toxicidade e teve maior tolerância pelos pacientes. Não houve diferença significativa no aparecimento de complicações da conjuntivite entre os dois grupos. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo evidenciou uma tendência à melhora mais rápida dos sinais e sintomas dos pacientes tratados com ganciclovir em relação ao grupo ...


PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and the toxicity of 0.15 percent ganciclovir gel in the treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis and in preventing ocular complications after adenoviral conjunctivitis, such as corneal infiltrates and pseudomembranes. METHODS: Double blind, interventional and randomized clinical trial. Thirty-three patients with clinical diagnosis of adenoviral conjunctivitis with onset of symptoms for five or less days were randomized in two groups: Group 1 (treatment) with 19 patients used ganciclovir gel and Group 2 (control) with 14 patients used artificial tears without preservative. Patients answered a questionnaire of signs and symptoms and were submitted to an ophthalmologic exam. On the 6th and 10th days of treatment they answered the same questions and were re-examined by the same ophthalmologist. Signs and symptoms were compared. T Student, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon tests were used to statistical analysis. RESULTS: Trend of better response in the treatment group in relation of patients' perception, besides faster improvement of this group compared to the control group (p=0.26). There were lower transmission to the fellow eye (p=0.86) and to people living together (p=0.16) in the treatment group. No statistical difference related to signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis were found comparing both groups. We observed statistical difference in pain, itch and photophobia only in the treatment group, comparing each group alone. No toxicity and more tolerance of the ganciclovir were observed. There was no statistical difference in the ocular complications after conjunctivitis between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed trend of better and faster response of the signs and symptoms of the patients treated with ganciclovir compared with the control group, but with no statistical significant. These results need to be confirmed by additional studies, with more patients and longer follow-up. Clinical Trails.gov: NCT01349452.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Adenovirus Infections, Human/drug therapy , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Conjunctivitis, Viral/drug therapy , Ganciclovir/administration & dosage , Keratoconjunctivitis/drug therapy , Adenovirus Infections, Human/diagnosis , Conjunctivitis, Viral/diagnosis , Double-Blind Method , Keratoconjunctivitis/diagnosis , Treatment Outcome
4.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2008 May-Jun; 56(3): 231-2
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-72391

ABSTRACT

We report a 25-year-old systemically healthy male who presented with periocular necrotizing fasciitis (NF) in the left eyelid. This was associated with the presence of immunologically mediated marginal kerato-conjunctivitis, in the same eye. This potentially dangerous lid infection and the associated ocular surface infection resolved successfully, with medical management. We report this case to highlight the successful conservative management of periocular NF and the hitherto unreported anterior segment involvement.


Subject(s)
Administration, Oral , Adult , Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/therapeutic use , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Eyelid Diseases/drug therapy , Fasciitis, Necrotizing/drug therapy , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Keratoconjunctivitis/drug therapy , Male , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification
5.
Rev. méd. Hosp. Gen. Méx ; 58(3): 118-23, jul.-sept. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-164574

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del trabajo fue demostrar la eficacia del ambroxol a dosis de 90 mg/día dividido en tres tomas por vía oral durante seis semanas consecutivas en comparación con un placebo, como medicamento coadyuvante en el tratamiento de la queratoconjuntivitis sicca. Para ello, se estudiaron 29 pacientes con diagnóstico de esta afección en un panel antes-después, ciego simple y cruzado, dividiéndolos en dos grupos; el A que recibió primero el ambroxol y posteriormente el placebo; y el B viceversa. Se analizaron las variables y se encontró que cuando los pacientes recibieron ambroxol mostraron mejoría significativamente mayor en sus pruebas de Schirmer y secreción basal, tiempo de ruptura de la película lagrimal, presencia de filamentos corneales y en sus síntomas como sensación de cuerpo extraño, ardor, prurito y fotofobia, que cuando recibieron el placebo, independientemente del orden en que se les administraron los fármacos (p= 7x10-6). Concluimos que el ambroxol es útil como coadyuvante en el tratamiento de la queratoconjuntivitis sicca


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Placebo Effect , Treatment Outcome , Eye Manifestations , Ambroxol/administration & dosage , Ambroxol/therapeutic use , Keratoconjunctivitis/physiopathology , Keratoconjunctivitis/drug therapy , Sjogren's Syndrome/physiopathology , Dry Eye Syndromes/drug therapy
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