Frecuencia de displasia epitelial y carcinoma escamoso en mucosa oral y orofaríngea en Chile, entre los años 1990 y 2009 / Frequency of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral epithelial dysplasia in oral and oropharyngeal mucosa in Chile

Background: Oral cancer in Chile corresponds approximately to 1.6% of all cancer cases. There are few studies about oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma in the Chilean population. Aim: To determine the frequency of hyperkeratosis, mild, moderate and severe oral epithelial dysplasia, in situ carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral and oropharyngeal mucosa in a registry of the Oral Pathology Reference Institute of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, in a ten years period. Material and Methods: Review of clinical records and pathological plates of 389 patients, obtained between 1990 and 2009. Cases were selected according to their pathological diagnosis, including hyperkeratosis, oral epithelial dysplasia, in situ carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma. Results: Forty four percent of cases were squamous cell carcinoma, followed by hyperkeratosis in 37% and mild epithelial dysplasia in 11%. Squamous cell carcinoma was more common in men aged over 50 years. Most of the potentially malignant disorders presented clinically as leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma were clinically recognized as cancer. Conclusions: In this study, men aged over 50 years are the highest risk group for oral cancer. Early diagnosis is deficient since most of these lesions were diagnosed when squamous cell carcinoma became invasive. Leukoplakia diagnosis is mostly associated with hyperkeratosis and epithelial dysplasia, therefore biopsy of these lesions is mandatory to improve early diagnosis.

Lichen planopilaris epidemiology: a retrospective study of 80 cases

AbstractBACKGROUND:Lichen planopilaris is a frequent presentation of primary cicatricial alopecia. Scalp distribution characterizes the main clinical presentations: classic lichen planopilaris, frontal fibrosing alopecia and Graham-Little Piccardi-Lassueur Syndrome (GLPLS).OBJECTIVE:Description of the clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological findings of Lichen planopilaris in public and private practices.METHOD:A retrospective observational study was performed by reviewing medical records of patients with lichen planopilaris.RESULTS:Eighty patients were included, 73 (91,25%) were female. Prototype II was seen in 53 (66,25%) patients. Classic lichen planopilaris was seen in 62,5% of the cases. Frontal fibrosing alopecia was seen in 31% of the patients and only one patient presented Graham-Little Piccardi-Lassueur Syndrome (GLPLS). Scalp lesions were scattered throughout the scalp in 47 (58,75%) of the patients, while 24 (30%) presented mainly central scalp lesions, 29 (36,25%) presented marginal lesions and only 4 (5%) patents had vertex lesions.CONCLUSIONS:Clinical presentation of Lichen planopilaris varies. To recognize the heterogeneity of the clinical appearance in lichen planopilaris is important for differential diagnosis.

Spectrum of periorbital dermatoses in South Indian population.

Background: Periorbital dermatoses are very common dermatological disorders which pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the treating dermatologist due to the similarity of symptoms in this area. Aims: To study the spectrum of periorbital dermatoses and to assess the association of systemic diseases with periorbital dermatoses. Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive study done on 250 consecutive patients irrespective of their age and sex who attended the Dermatology out patient department (OPD), with dermatological conditions pertaining to the periorbital area over a period of 2 years from October 2010 to September 2012. Results: The most common dermatological conditions seen in the periorbital region were benign and malignant skin tumors observed in 63 (25.2%) cases, followed by the disorders of pigmentation in 51 (20.4%) and eczema in 44 cases (17.6%), infections in 33 (13.2%) cases and nevoid conditions in 26 (10.4%) cases. Certain periorbital dermatoses were significantly more in females than in males in the present study like skin tags, connective tissue diseases, and periorbital melanosis (POM). Some periorbital dermatoses were significantly more common in older age group such as seborrheic keratoses, skin tags and airborne contact dermatitis whereas infections, syringomas, allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis were more prevalent in younger age group. Syringomas and POM were more common in middle-aged women. Conclusions: The most common dermatological condition seen in the periorbital region in this study are benign skin tumors (keratosis and skin tags), followed by the disorders of pigmentation and eczema, infections and nevoid conditions.

Características del cuerno cutáneo: revisión de 26 años / Characteristics of cutaneous horns: review of 26 years

El cuerno cutáneo es un diagnóstico clínico que describe una lesión hiperqueratósica con forma de cuerno.El presente estudio determina las características del cuerno cutáneo según sexo, rango de edad, localización anatómica, diagnóstico histológico y presencia de malignidad en una serie de 93 casos. El promedio de edad de la muestra fue de 67,9 años. El 59,1 por ciento de las lesiones se localizó en la cara, especialmente en las mejillas. El 61,3 por ciento de los cuernos cutáneos fue benigno y el 38,7 por ciento fue no-benigno, siendo el 25,8 por ciento lesiones malignas in situ y el 12,9 por ciento, malignas. No existió diferencia según sexo. El total de las lesiones malignas se presentó en la cabeza. El diagnóstico histológico más frecuente fue el de verruga vulgar (28,0 por ciento). La lesión maligna más frecuente fue el carcinoma espinocelular (10,8 por ciento), más común en mayores de 70 años. La prevalencia de lesiones malignas in situ o malignas fue de 66,7 por ciento en mayores de 70 años versus 15,7 por ciento en menores de 70 años (p < 0,001).La importancia del cuerno cutáneo radica en la patología que le subyace. En mayores de 70 años la probabilidad de tener una lesión no-benigna (maligna in situ o maligna) es mayor que en pacientes más jóvenes.

Cutaneous horn is a clinical diagnosis that describes an hyperkeratotic lesion with shape a horn.This study describes the characteristics of cutaneous horns according to sex, age, localization, histological diagnosis and the presence of malignancy in a series of 93 cases.The mean age of the sample was 67.9 years. 59.1 percent of the lesions were localized on the face, especially on the cheeks. 61.3 percent of cutaneous horns were benign and 38.7 percent were non-benign. 25.8 percent were malignant in situ and 12.9 percent malignant lesions. There was no difference among sexes. All malignant lesions were localized on the head. The most common histological diagnosis was warts (28.0 percent). The most common malignant lesion was squamous cell carcinoma (10.8 percent), which was more frequent in patients older than 70 years. In patients older than 70 years, the prevalence of malignant in situ or malignant lesions was 66.7 percent, versus 15.7 percent in younger patients (p < 0,001).The importance of cutaneous horns is the nature of its underlying disease. In patients older than 70 years, the probability of having a non-benign lesion (malignant in situ or malignant) is higher than in younger patients.Key words: Cutaneous horn, cutaneous biopsy, squamous cell carcinoma.

Semana del lunar: 1a. campaña de detección del cáncer cutáneo. Parte ii: resultados epidemiológicos / The mole week: part ii: epidemiology

En la División Dermatología del Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín" se efectuó una campaña de prevención de cáncer de piel denominada "Semana del Lunar", que se realizó del 5 al 9 de octubre de 1992. Concurrieron 2004 pacientes y participaron la totalidad de los dermatólogos del Servicio. Los hallazgos clínicos preliminares fueron: 39 epiteliomas basocelulares, 6 epiteliomas espinocelulares y 11 melanomas malignos. Los datos estadísticos obtenidos motivan la publicación de este trabajo

Queratólisis punteada: estudio clínico-epidemiológico, histopatológico y microbiológico en 100 pacientes / Pitted keratolysis: study clinical-epidemiological, histopathology and microbiology in 100 patients

Se presentan los datos clínicos, epidemiológicos, histopatológicos y microbiológicos de 100 varones jóvenes con queratólisis punteada de localización plantar. La dermatosis fue bilateral en 97 porciento, todos presentaron depresiones puntiformes y diferentes cambios de color. Por histopatología en 90 por ciento se demostraron filamentos y elementos bacilares y cocoides en capa córnea, más evidentes con PAS y Gomori-Grocott. En 46 porciento se aisló Micrococcus sedentarius. Se presenta este microorganismo como probable agente etiológico asociado a una flora bacteriana abundante y como factores predisponentes humedad, fricción y maceración.