Age-related trends of lesser pelvic architecture in females and males: a computed tomography pelvimetry study / 대한해부학회지

The pelvis and the spine form a system balancing human skeleton. Within this system, the pelvis adapts to age-related changes in the spine. Previous studies were predominantly focused on changes of pelvic parameters in the sagittal plane. The aim of this study was to reveal age-related changes of lesser pelvic dimensions at different levels of the pelvic cavity in the sagittal and coronal planes and to explore sexual dimorphism in age-related tendencies. The computed tomography pelvimetry was performed on the three-dimensional workstation. The research sample included 211 females aged 18 to 84 years and 181 males aged 18 to 82 years, who underwent an examination at the Riga East University Hospital, Clinical Center “Gailezers,” Latvia. Three pelvic angles and transverse and sagittal diameters of the lesser pelvis were measured at four levels: the inlet, two axial planes in the mid-cavity, and the outlet. The results demonstrated that more pronounced age-related changes occurred in the inlet and the outlet of the lesser pelvis. The mid-cavity was less changing. The transverse diameter between acetabular centers and the sagittal diameter at the level of ischial spines were independent of age. In general, the common age-related trends were observed for pelvic parameters in females and males. A single exception was the proportion of diameters at the level of ischial spines, which decreased in males only. For parameters associated with pelvic floor diseases, age-related changes occurred in the direction of pathology.

Lola Hoffmann: terapeuta jungiana (1904-1988) / Lola Hoffmann: therapeutist jungiana (1904-1988)

The changes of course of their life helped her to develop the ability and the skill so that guided by the work of Jung it reached in the second half of their existence their definitive vocation. As that she underwent an herself analysis interpreting their own dreams to develop their individuation. More and more enriched it was under conditions of helping their patients who their charismatic condition and their prestige like wise woman appreciated

Los cambios del curso de su vida le permitieron desarrollar la habilidad y la destreza para que guiada por el trabajo de Jung alcanzara en la segunda mitad de su existencia su vocación definitiva. Como aquel procedió a un autoanálisis mediante la interpretación de sus propios sueños para desarrollar su individuación. Cada vez más enriquecida espiritualmente pudo ayudar a sus pacientes quienes apreciaron su condición carismática y su prestigio como la mujer sabia

Newborn screening for PKU and congenital hypothyroidism in Latvia.

The newborn screening program in Latvia was started in 1980 as pilot study project. Mass screening for phenylketonuria (PKU) in the whole republic was started in 1987, but for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) it begun in 1996. Last two years the Latvian State Medical Genetics Center (SMGC) screened nearly 25,000 newborn dried blood specimens per year. Approximately 25% are repeat and control specimens. Efficiency of the screening program is nearly 97%. Fluorometric method is used for PKU screening, followed by amino acid analysis (HPLC) and analysis of DNA samples for mutations of the PAH gene. Most of the 51 Latvian PKU patients detected from 1980 to 1998 were selected by neonatal screening (38), while the others (13) were diagnosed during genetic counseling. The incidence of PKU in Latvia is 1:8,700 births. CH screening is based on measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), using fluoroimmunoassay method, with cut-off value 10 mlU/l, as the primary screening test, and T3 and T4, as confirmatory tests for diagnosis. From 38,684 newborns 37,380 were screened for CH in 1996 and 1997. From these 1,438 (3.8%) newborns were recalled because of initial elevation of TSH level. From these 85 (0.2%) newborns had elevated TSH level during first two weeks of life and were referred to SMGC for repeat testing and follow-up. The diagnosis of CH has been confirmed in 6 babies. The incidence of CH in Latvia is about 1:6,450.

Alexander Lipschutz (1883-1980). A biographical synopsis

Alexander Lipschütz was born in Riga, Latvia, in 1883. He obtained his M.D. from the University of Göttingen, Germany, in 1901. He conducted research at the Universities of Zürich, Bonn, Göttingen, Bern and Vienna. He was full Professor of Physiology at the Universities of Dorpart (1919-1926), in Tartu, Estonia, and Concepción (1927-1936), in Chile. Later, he became the first Director of the Institute of Experimental Medicine, of the Chilean National Health Service. He authored 22 books and a large number of scietific papers, mostly on Endocrinology and Oncology. He directed 16 medical theses at the University of Concepcion and 81 at the University of Chile. He was awardet with the first Chilean National Prize in Science (1969). He died in Santiago, Chile, in 1980