ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To reconstruct a car-pedestrian crash accident using numerical simulation technology and explore the injury biomechanism as forensic evidence for injury identification.@*METHODS@#An integration of multi-body dynamic, finite element (FE), and classical method was applied to a car-pedestrian crash accident. The location of the collision and the details of the traffic accident were determined by vehicle trace verification and autopsy. The accident reconstruction was performed by coupling the three-dimensional car behavior from PC-CRASH with a MADYMO dummy model. The collision FE models of head and leg, developed from CT scans of human remains, were loaded with calculated dummy collision parameters. The data of the impact biomechanical responses were extracted in terms of von Mises stress, relative displacement, strain and stress fringes.@*RESULTS@#The accident reconstruction results were identical with the examined ones and the biomechanism of head and leg injuries, illustrated through the FE methods, were consistent with the classical injury theories.@*CONCLUSION@#The numerical simulation technology is proved to be effective in identifying traffic accidents and exploring of injury biomechanism.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Accidents, Traffic , Automobiles , Autopsy , Biomechanical Phenomena , Computer Simulation , Craniocerebral Trauma/pathology , Finite Element Analysis , Forensic Medicine/methods , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Leg Injuries/pathology , Models, Theoretical , Walking/injuriesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the characteristics and biomechanical mechanism of riding injuries involving bicycles collided by motor vehicles.@*METHODS@#The real traffic accident cases of bicycles collided by motor vehicles, including the information of scenes, bicycles, motor vehicles, rider wounds and traffic directions, were collected. Retrospective method was used to study these riding injuries. In addition, typical cases were selected to simulate traffic accident courses with computer simulation software, and the dynamic data like acceleration, force, moment were cxtracted to compare with those in the real cases.@*RESULTS@#There were no difference of occurring frequency between cases with or without riding injuries, as well as between one-side-collision and front- or back-collision. The riding injuries seemed less in accidents involving large-scale vehicles. The frequency of riding injuries increased with vehicle speed. The wound location was low on collision side and high on opposite.@*CONCLUSION@#Analysis of riding injury characteristic in traffic accidents and their biomechanical mechanism would be helpful for estimation of traffic manner.
Subject(s)
Humans , Accidents, Traffic , Area Under Curve , Bicycling/injuries , Biomechanical Phenomena , Computer Simulation , Leg Injuries/pathology , Models, Theoretical , Motor Vehicles , Perineum/injuries , Retrospective Studies , Wounds and Injuries/pathologyABSTRACT
Os autores apresentam estudo anatômico de um retalho fasciocutâneo de perna, com sua aplicaçäo clínica. Foram operados 16 pacientes que apresentavam perda de substância cutânea, com exposiçäo óssea de perna. O retalho fasciocutâneo bipediculado apresentado pelos autores permite cobertura de grandes áreas na perna, na fase inicial do tratamento. A preservaçäo do sistema venoso superficial permite melhor vascularizaçäo do retalho e, conseqüentemente, a utilizaçäo de retalhos de maiores dimensöes