ABSTRACT
The incidence of nosocomial bacteremia continues to increase despite antimicrobial therapy and supportive care; it remains a major cause of death in hospitalized patients who are undergoing chemotherapy. The prolonged survival of leukemia patients who have disturbance in their innate immune system increased the factors of risk. This study was conducted to assess the epidemiological features of Bacteremia in adult patients with leukemia and the species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibilities of causative pathogens. In addition, nosocomial bacteremia was compared to community acquired bacteremia. A total of [84] adult leukemic patients more than 15 years old, males and females, feverish or with hypothermia and leukopenic. Bacteremic cases were obtained by culturing blood samples aerobically and anaerobically. The identification of blood isolates and susceptibility testing were performed by the routine methods in use at the affiliated laboratories. It has been found that 15 out of 28 [53.57%] patients with bacteremia acquired the infection during hospitalization, while the 13 [46.42%] patients acquired the infection out side the hospital. Table [1]. High incidence rate of nosocomial infection [hospital acquired infections] in leukopenic leukemic patients with bacteremia
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Cross Infection/microbiology , Leukemia , Leukemia/microbiology , Leukemia/complications , Bacteremia/epidemiology , Hospitals, TeachingABSTRACT
This study included 68 febrile leukemic children. There were 58 acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL], 7 acute mylocytic leukemia [AML] and 3 chronic mylocytic leukemia [CML]. Clinically diagnosed infections rated 60.3% versus laboratory diagnosed infections in 86.8%. Clinical features suggestive of infection represented 3.2% in respiratory tract, 23.5% in gastrointestinal tract and 7.4% in mucositis, cutaneous and CNS features. Laboratory investigations revealed bacterial infection in 89.7%, positive viral markers in 81%, fungal infection in 10.3% and protozoal infection in 20% [which were 2 out of 10 cases of group II]. Stool was the commonest site of organism isolation [86%] followed by throat [54.5%], then urine [8.8%] and lastly blood [3.4%]. E. coli recorded 75.9% of bacterial isolates followed by Streptococci in 37.9% of cases. Regarding viral markers, HBcAb prevailed in 85.4% followed by HCAb in 43.8%. It is concluded that in only 2.9% of cases, fever was due to other causes than infection and 39.7% of infected cases had no other signs or symptoms suggestive of infection apart from fever. The commonest organism isolated was E. coli followed by HBcAb
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Leukemia/microbiology , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Microbiological Techniques , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity , Escherichia coli/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Thirty- four patients with acute leukaemia were studied regarding the level of C.R.P. during acute bacterial infections using the latex agglutination test with positive results indicating a level > 6mg/1. Sixteen patients had bacterial infections and eighteen patients made the non infected control group. The infected group had statistically significant higher number of positive C.R.P. tests and the sensitivity and specificity of a positive C.R.P. in patients with acute leukaemia and bacterial infections were 93.7% and 72.2% respectively
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Leukemia/microbiology , Acute Disease , Latex Fixation TestsABSTRACT
50 cases of haematologic malignant patients were studied. They were under immunosuppressive treatment. Isolation and identification of fungal infection were studied in throat washs, rectal swabs and blood cultures. These cases were selected from inpatients of National Cancer Institute, Cairo University with age ranged from 2 years to 50 years old. The incidence of fungal infection in each group was 70.5% in acute myeloid leukaemia [AML], 67% in acute lymphatic leukaemia [ALL] and 50% in malignant lymphoma. The only two cases available of chronic myeloid leukarmia [CML] were positive. The common fungal pathogens in our patients were Candida albicans followed by Candida tropicalis, Candida pseudotropicalis, Candida kruzei and Aspergillus species
Subject(s)
Humans , Leukemia/microbiology , Leukemia/complications , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Mycoses/epidemiology , Immunocompromised HostSubject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , History, 20th Century , Leukemia/microbiology , Leukemia/drug therapy , Culture Techniques , MexicoABSTRACT
The distribution of different Candida species and different serogroups of C. albicans have been analysed. C. albicans is by far the most predominant species isolated from all clinical specimens. Group A of C. albicans was isolated 10 times more frequently than group B strains from patients who had respiratory infection and 4.4 times more frequently from those who had other clinical conditions. However, both serogroups were isolated at comparable frequencies from the genitals. In the instances where repeated isolation were made, colonization by one serogroup often occurs to the exclusion of the other serogroup and species. Thus, it was frequently observed that individual patients often gave repeated isolation of one serogroup of C. albicans only. These findings are of obvious diagnostic relevance and may facilitate the evaluation of possible clinical significance of laboratory studies.