Perfil lipídico en embarazadas durante el tercer trimestre según índice de masa corporal y consumo de grasas / Lipid profile in pregnant women during the third quarter according to body mass index and fat intake

Introducción: el embarazo es una condición que implica una adaptación metabólica para suplir los requerimientos del feto en desarrollo. Durante la gestación ocurre un aumento de los lípidos circulantes, lo que conlleva a un incremento en la peroxidación lipídica. En condiciones normales, este fenómeno se ve compensado por una elevación en los sistemas antioxidantes. Objetivo: comparar el perfil lipídico en mujeres embarazadas según el índice de masa corporal y la frecuencia de consumo de grasa. Métodos: se estudiaron 100 mujeres en el tercer trimestre de embarazo en el Hospital San Vicente de Paul de la ciudad de Ibarra en la provincia de Imbabura-Ecuador. Se realizó la medición de peso y talla para el cálculo del índice de masa corporal. Se les aplicó una encuesta de consumo de alimentos y tomó una muestra de sangre para medir los niveles de lípidos circulantes mediante métodos enzimáticos colorimétricos. Resultados: se observó un incremento de los lípidos sanguíneos los cuales se relacionan con la frecuencia de consumo de grasas. Hubo una relación entre el HDL-colesterol y el LDL-colesterol con el consumo de grasas según el índice de masa corporal. Conclusiones: durante los controles obstétricos se debe evaluar la dieta de la embarazada y reforzar la necesidad de disminuir el consumo de grasas e incrementar el consumo de verduras, legumbres y cereales. La cuantificación periódica del perfil lipídico de las gestantes constituye una buena herramienta para el control de los lipídicos cuando estos superen los niveles fisiológicos, contribuyendo en un adecuado control prenatal(AU)

Introduction: Pregnancy is a condition that involves a metabolic adaptation to meet the requirements of the developing fetus. During gestation circulating lipids increase, leading to agrowth in lipid peroxidation. Under normal conditions, this phenomenon is offset by an increase in antioxidant systems. Objective: Compare the lipid profile in pregnant women according to body mass index and frequency of fat intake. Methods: A hundred women were studied in their third trimester of pregnancy. Weight and height were measuredto calculate body mass index. A survey on food consumption was appliedand blood samples were taken to measure levels of circulating lipids by enzymatic colorimetric methods. Results: An increase in blood lipids is observedrelated to the frequency of fat consumption. A ratio of HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol fat intake was found by the body mass index. Conclusions: During controls, obstetricians should evaluate the pregnant diet and reinforce the need to reduce fat intake and increase consumption of vegetables, legumes and cereals. The periodic quantification of the lipid profile of pregnant women is good tool to control lipid when they exceed physiological levels, contributing to an adequate prenatal control(AU)

Prevalence of some lipidosis among Egyptian children with neurodegenerative disorders

The present work comprised 30 patients belonging to 27 families. The age of the studied patients ranged from 7 months to 10 years [mean 43.9 +/- 27.69 months]. The age of onset of the disease ranged from 7 months to 5 years [mean 17.26 +/- 13.3 months]. All patients suffered from developmental delay or progressive loss of previously acquired milestones, with no coarse facial features, organomegaly or ectodermal abnormality. For all patients the following was done: - Full medical history, thorough clinical examination and family pedigree construction. - Fundus examination and nerve conduction velocity [NCV]. - MRI of brain and IQ assessment. - Measurement of arylsulphatase A, galactocerebroside: beta-galactosidase activity in peripheral leucocyte was also done together with chitotriosidase level in plasma. Twenty two patients [73.33%] had normal fundus examination, and eight patients [26.66%] had various fundus findings [three patients [10%] had pale optic disc, and five patients [16.66%] had optic atrophy] - Twenty five patients [83.33%] had normal NCV, and five patients [16.66%] had demyelination. - All patients had +ve MRI findings, 19 patients [63.33%] had dysmyelination and 11 patients [36.33%] had brain atrophy. - Twenty six patients had normal value of Aryl sulphatase A activity [ASA] [51-200 micro mol/g- p/h], while three cases demonstrated decreased activity [one case had pseudodeficiency value [10-50 micro mol/g-p/h], and two cases had actual deficiency of enzyme activity [<10 micro mol/g -p/h] and diagnosed as metachromatic leukodystrophy]. - Twenty eight patients had normal value of Chitotriosidase activity [CT] [4-80 micro mol/l/h] and one patient had high value. - Galactocerebroside beta-galactosidase activity [GALC] was measured in leukocytes for 29 index cases. Normal value was detected in all cases [0.5-4 micro mol/g-p/h]. One case [3.33%] had Gaucher disease, another had aryl sulfatase A pseudodeficiency and a third case had most probably Pelizaeus Merzbach disease, two cases had infantile Metachromatic leukodystrophy [6.66%], while another two had congenital muscular dystrophy. All other patients need further follow up and further investigations

Asociación de colesterolosis y litiasis de la vesícula biliar: implicancia patogénica y efecto sobre la historia natural de la colelitiasis / Association between cholesterolosis and lithiasis of gallbladder: pathogenic implication and effect over natural history of cholelithiasis

We studied 793 patients subjected to cholecystectomy to determine a) the relative frequency of cholesterolosis and cholelithiasis b) the effect of their association on the natural history of biliary disease, c) the characteristics of gallstones associated to cholesterolosis and d) factors potentially associated to their pathogenesis. The gallbladders of all patients were examined and in 289 subjects a preoperative clinical history was taken. We observed that cholesterolosis is associated to earlier clinical manifestations of biliary disease and cholecystectomy, to a greater frequency of single calculus and to a higher weight/height index. It is concluded that there are relationships between the pathogenesis of cholesterolosis and cholelithiasis and that their association favors the development of clinical manifestations