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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 14(3): 166-171, jul. 2016. Ilus, Tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-2131

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo é um relato de caso de malária por Plasmodium vivax em paciente internado no Hospital Universitário de Mato Grosso do Sul. O objetivo do trabalho foi ressaltar a existência de casos de malária grave provocada por esta espécie do protozoário, visto que a epidemiologia envolvendo P. vivax e suas complicações clínicas severas não é grande, e os relatos não são frequentes na literatura. A doença foi caracterizada por febre contínua, icterícia, hemorragia alveolar e insuficiência renal aguda, sendo que o paciente evoluiu com insuficiência renal, pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica e meningite bacteriana durante período de internação, com boa resposta ao tratamento.A importância do caso relatado reside na constatação de que a intervenção rápida, mesmo na forma grave da doença, promove a recuperação satisfatória do indivíduo acometido por essa patologia.


This study is a case report of Plasmodium vivax malaria in a patient admitted to the University Hospital of Mato Grosso do Sul. The aim of the work was to highlight the existence of cases of severe malaria caused by this species of the parasite, as the epidemiology involving P. vivax and severe clinical complications is not wide, and the reports are not frequent in the literature. The disease was characterized by continuous fever, jaundice,alveolar hemorrhage and acute renal failure, with the patient developing renal failure, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and bacterial meningitis during hospital stay, with good response to treatment. The importance of the case lies in the realization that rapid intervention, even in the severe form of the disease, promotes safe recovery of the individual affected by this disease


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Malaria, Vivax/diagnosis , Malaria, Vivax/epidemiology , Malaria, Vivax/therapy , Plasmodium vivax , Acute Disease , Diagnosis, Differential , Fever
2.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-157654

ABSTRACT

Malaria is endemic in India. Vivax malaria has been traditionally described as benign tertian malaria but recent reports from many centers have revealed that it can cause life threatening disease as seen in case of falciparum malaria.There is paucity of data on this topic from this region. Objective: The present study is aimed to find out the clinical features, complications, response to treatment and outcome of patients suffering from vivax malaria in children. The study has also tried to focus on the severe illnesses associated with P. vivax infection. Material and Methods: The study was performed at a tertiary care hospital of Uttrakhand. The study period was of two years, from August 2011 to July 2013. Patients of 18 years of age or below it who were smear positive or antigen positive were included in the study. All such patients who were admitted in the hospital underwent detailed investigation. The data analysed to find out their clinical profile, laboratory manifestations and outcome. Result: 72 patients were identified as suffering from plasmodium vivax malaria. Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, hepatosplenomegaly, were common findings. Renal, hepatic and cerebral dysfunctions were noted, severe malaria was observed in 28(38.9%). Thrombocytopenia was the commonest hematological abnormality. 5(6.9%) patients died. Cerebral malaria, shock and ARDS were associated with high mortality. Conclusion: Vivax malaria, in its severe form, may cause life threatening complications. The clinical profile in such patients is similar to those which have been traditionally described with falciparum malaria.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , India , Malaria, Vivax/complications , Malaria, Vivax/diagnosis , Malaria, Vivax/mortality , Malaria, Vivax/therapy , Male , Tertiary Care Centers , Treatment Outcome
4.
Invest. clín ; 50(2): 187-201, jun. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-564809

ABSTRACT

Para determinar la relación entre parámetros hematológicos, parasitemia y episodios maláricos, se evaluaron 59 individuos de ambos sexos, infectados con Plasmodium vivax y 30 controles del estado Sucre. Se extrajeron muestras de sangre por punción venosa y del lóbulo de la oreja el día del diagnóstico, a los 8 y 30 días postdiagnosis. Se realizó hematología completa, diagnóstico microscópico y molecular (PCR) y grado de parasitemia. Se encontraron diferencias significativas por sexo para la hemoglobina, eritrocitos y hematocrito (p < 0,01 en los tres análisis). Estos valores en los hombres disminuyeron para el día 8 del tratamiento con respecto al día 0 (p < 0,001; p = 0,006 y p = 0,025, respectivamente). En las mujeres, se observaron diferencias sólo entre los controles y los pacientes a las fechas de muestreo para hemoglobina y hematocrito (p < 0,001). El número promedio de los leucocitos para el día diagnóstico se ubicó dentro de los parámetros de referencia, pero significativamente por debajo (p < 0,001) de los del grupo control y de los obtenidos para durante y después del tratamiento. Los valores de eosinófilos se observaron por encima de los parámetros normales en los controles y los pacientes durante y después del tratamiento. Se observó trombocitopenia el día diagnóstico, pero a la semana del tratamiento los valores aumentaron significativamente (p < 0,001). La correlación de los parámetros evaluados con la parasitemia demostró una relación negativa con las plaquetas, y una positiva con la diferencia de plaquetas entre el día diagnóstico y día 8 de tratamiento (p = 0,014). Esta diferencia fue el único parámetro que se correlacionó con los episodios maláricos (p = 0,040). La trombocitopenia demostró ser un indicador de malaria aguda.


In order to determine the relationship between hematological parameters, parasitaemia and malaria episodes, we evaluated 59 individuals of both sexes, infected with Plasmodium vivax and 30 controls from Sucre state. Blood samples were obtained by venous puncture and from the earlobe at day of diagnosis, 8 and 30 days post-diagnosis. We carried out hematological analysis, microscopic and molecular (PCR) diagnosis and the parasitaemia was calculated. There were significant differences by sex for hemoglobin, erythrocytes and hematocrit (p < 0,01 in all three analysis). These values in males, decreased by day 8 with respect to day 0 (p < 0,001; p = 0,006 y p = 0,025, respectively). In females, significant differences were only seen in hemoglobin and hematocrit between controls and patients (p < 0,001). The average number of leucocytes at the day of diagnosis was within the reference values, but slightly lower compared to the controls and the samples during and after the treatment. The average proportion of eosinophils was higher than normal for both, controls and patients, during and after the treatment. Thrombocytopenia was observed at diagnosis, but a week after, the values increased significantly (p < 0,001). There was an inverse relationship between parasitaemia and platelet count and a direct relationship between the first and hemoglobin at day 0, as well as with the difference in platelet counts between day 0 and day 8 (p = 0,044 y p = 0,014, respectively). This difference was the only parameter related to the number of malaria episodes (p = 0,040). Thrombocytopenia showed to be an indicator of acute malaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hematologic Agents/analysis , Malaria , Malaria, Vivax/therapy , Thrombocytopenia/pathology
5.
Cuad. Hosp. Clín ; 54(1): 27-33, 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-779272

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una evaluación in vivo de la eficacia de la cloroquina para el tratamiento de la malaria por Plasmodium vivax, en elsitio centinela de Palmar Chico, Municipio de Yacuiba, Provincia Gran Chaco, Departamento de Tarija al Sur de Bolivia. Fueronincluidos en el estudio 61 pacientes entre 5 y 59 años de edad que presentaban monoinfección por P. vivax. Todos los pacientesrecibieron una dosis total de cloroquina de 25 mg/Kg en 3 días (10mg/Kg el primer día; 7,5 mg/Kg el segundo y tercer días).De acuerdo al protocolo estandarizado de la OPS/OMS, todos los pacientes fueron seguidos por 28 días (controles clínicos yparasitológicos). Se completó el seguimiento de 60 pacientes, ninguno de los pacientes tuvo recurrencias de la parasitemia opresentó manifestaciones clínicas después del tercer día de tratamiento. Este estudio mostró 100% de sensibilidad de P. vivaxa la cloroquina, lo que justifica su permanencia en la política de medicamentos antimaláricos como la droga más adecuada parael tratamiento de las infecciones por P. vivax en el Sur de Bolivia.


We carried out an evaluation in vivoof the chloroquine efficacy for the treatment of malaria by Plasmodium vivax, in the sentinelsite of Palmar Chico, Municipality of Yacuiba, Province Gran Chaco, Department of Tarija to the South of Bolivia. Sixty one patientsaged between 5 and 59 years that presented monoinfection by P. vivaxwere included in the study. All patient received undersupervision a total dose of chloroquine 25mg/kg over three days (10mg/kg on the first day; 7.5 mg/kg on the second and thirddays). According the standardized protocol of the PAHO/WHO, all patients were followed-up for 28 days (clinical and parasitologicalcontrols). Sixty patients completed the follow-up, none of the patients had recurrences of parasitemia or presented clinicalmanifestations after third day of treatment. This study showed 100% of sensibility from P. vivax to chloroquine, what justifies theirpermanency in the antimalarial drug policy as the most adequate drug for the treatment of the P. vivax infections in the South of Bolivia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Chloroquine/therapeutic use , Malaria, Vivax/therapy , Plasmodium vivax/parasitology , Antimalarials/therapeutic use , Bolivia , Protozoan Infections/parasitology , Treatment Outcome
10.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 74(3): 222-7, maio-jun. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-220083

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: A cura da malaria vivax permanece dificultada por um fator determinante de recaídas: a duraçäo do tratamento. Em Belém, a observaçäo de que um grande número de pacientes com malária vivax curava-se, a despeito do abandono do tratamento, levou à concretizaçäo deste estudo objetivando avaliar a eficácia de esquemas mais operacionais para malária em crianças. Métodos: Foi realizado ensaio clínico prospectivo e randomizado, em 200 crianças com malária vivax, atendidas ambulatorialmente. Variáveis observadas: velocidade de negativaçäo da parasitemia e respostas a quatro esquemas: a) cloroquina 10mg/kg - dose única (cloroquina DU) + primaquina 0,50/kg/dia por 7 dias; b) cloroquina DU + primaquina 0,25/kg/dia por 7 dias; c) cloroquina DU + primaquina 0,50/kg/dia por 5 dias; e d) cloroquina DU + primaquina 0,25/kg/dia por 5 dias. Para comparaçäo das resposwtas obtidas foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: Todas as 144 crianças que completaram o estudo apresentaram negativaçäo da parasitemia até o quarto dia de tratamento. A comparaçäo das respostas aos esquemas, mostrou resultados significativos entre os esquemas A e D (p=0,022), e entre os esquemas C e D (p=0,005). Quanto à dose diária e ao tempo de duraçäo, a comparaçäo mostrou resultados significativos nos esquemas de doses duplicadas em relaçäo aos de dose padräo(p=0,0042)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Malaria, Vivax/therapy , Chloroquine/blood , Chloroquine/therapeutic use , Primaquine/pharmacology , Primaquine/therapeutic use
11.
Antibiot. infecc ; 5(3/4): 29-32, jul.-dic. 1997.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-252031

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades parasitarias se pueden presentar como emergencias médicas, en los países tropicales y subdesarrollados. La actualización permanente de su manejo clínico-terapéutico se puede realizar mediante la descripción de casos representativos. Se describen seis pacientes atendidos como emergencias: un electricista con absceso hepático amibiano que drenó a pleura, una hiperinfección por Strongyloides stercoralis, una recaida por leishmaniasis visceral, una niña con leishmaniasis de la mucosa nasal, un minero con insuficiencia renal que adquirió un paludismo por P.facilparum resistente a la cloroquina y un transportista con paludismo por P.vivax resistente a primaquina. Se discuten las complicaciones clínico-terapéuticas de los pacientes y se revisa la literatura médica disponible para actualizar estas parasitosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Liver Abscess, Amebic/diagnosis , Liver Abscess, Amebic/therapy , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis , Parasitic Diseases/diagnosis , Parasitic Diseases/therapy , Pleura , Strongyloides stercoralis/parasitology , Malaria, Falciparum/complications , Malaria, Falciparum/therapy , Malaria, Vivax/complications , Malaria, Vivax/therapy , Nasal Cavity/parasitology
12.
Rev. méd. hered ; 5(3): 118-28, sept. 1994. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-176315

ABSTRACT

Se reportan los hallazgos clínicos, de laboratorio e histopatológicos, presentes en 20 pacientes que ingresaron al Hospital Hipólito Unanue en el año 1984, con el diagnóstico de malaria. Se revisa la fisiopatología con énfasis en los casos de malaria por Plasmodium vivax. El agente etiológico más frecuente, en esta serie, fue el Plasmodium vivax ( 19 pacientes ). Fiebre y escalofrío se presentó en el 100 por ciento, hepatomegalia en el 90 por ciento, esplenomegalia en el 70 por ciento, ictericia en el 30 por ciento, esta última fue muy severa en un caso asociada a hepatitis crónica activa. La anemia que se observó en el 85 por ciento, fue de origen multifactorial; la trombocitopenia estuvo presente en el 83.3 por ciento de casos, rara vez se acompañó de sangrado. Otros hallazgos fueron: linfopenia ( 70 por ciento ), leucopenia leve ( 45 por ciento ), neutropenia leve ( 35 por ciento ). La histopatología en médula ósea mostró: hiperplasia de las tres series y cambios reactivos inespecíficos. En hígado encontramos: depósito de pigmento malárico en el 42.8 por ciento de casos. Dada las actuales condiciones sanitarias y epidemiológicas del país, es impostergable reforzar la lucha contra esta enfermedad


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Malaria, Vivax/diagnosis , Thrombocytopenia/physiopathology , Malaria, Vivax/complications , Malaria, Vivax/physiopathology , Malaria, Vivax/pathology , Malaria, Vivax/blood , Malaria, Vivax/therapy , Malaria, Vivax/epidemiology , Anemia/physiopathology , Signs and Symptoms
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